Many intervention programs use home visiting to target enhanced parent-child interactions; however, few studies have examined specific strategies, limiting the potential utility of evaluation results guide practice, research, or policy effectively. In this paper, we recommend that researchers and program evaluators open "black box" strategies. We initiate effort by exploring overall processes in two describing strategies (e.g., coaching modeling) interventionists used during triadic...

The relationship between parent—child interactions and early literacy skills for 27 families living in low-income households was examined. Parent—child “simulated” daily experiences were videotaped when the children 14, 24, 36 months old. These tapes coded with Parent-Infant/Toddler Interaction Coding System (PICS; Dodici & Draper, 2001), a scale that rates child language, parent emotional tone, joint attention, parental guidance, responsivity. behaviors related strongly to areas of...

This study compared the effects of different intervention approaches designed to promote peer-related social competence young children with disabilities. Preschool-age disabilities who were enrolled in classes Tennessee and Minnesota participated four conditions (environmental arrangements, child specific, peer mediated, comprehensive) a control (no intervention) condition. A performance-based assessment competence, which consisted observational, teacher rating, rating measures, was...

Research Findings: Early Head Start home-based programs provide services through weekly home visits to families with children up age 3, but vary in how long they remain enrolled. In this study of 564 programs, "dropping out" was predicted by specific variations and certain family characteristics. It also negatively related several targeted program outcomes. Home dropout focused less on child development, were successful at engaging parents, had more distractions. Dropout risks changes...

Home visits are one mechanism for providing comprehensive services to young children with disabilities and their families, as required by Part H of the Individuals Disabilities Education Act 1990. This study reports observational data describing content addressed processes employed early childhood special educators during home disabilities, birth 3 years age, families. The extent which were individualized was examined in terms available family resources level child's caretaking demands....

Abstract This study examined relations among children's individual experiences, global classroom quality, and school readiness. Preschool children from low-income backgrounds (N = 138; M 62.16 months; SD 3.93; range 55−70) were observed in their early care education settings, language cognitive skills assessed. Research Findings: Individual classrooms with small group sizes had higher quality experiences even though was not necessarily better. Higher levels of did ensure that every child the...

Home-visiting programs aiming to improve early child development have demonstrated positive outcomes, but processes within home visits individual families are rarely documented. We examined family-level variations in the home-visiting process (N = 71) from extant video recordings of two Early Head Start programs, using an observational measure research-based quality indicators practices and family engagement, Home Visit Rating Scales (HOVRS). HOVRS scores, showing good interrater agreement...

Development of professional competencies is a key outcome undergraduate programs preparing practitioners to work with infants and toddlers. Competencies for working young children were examined among 1300 students at 12 universities. Students completed series online questionnaires indicating their knowledge, beliefs, hypothetical practices children; end-of-semester scores analyzed using linear regression. Having had practicum course associated more positive dispositions supporting the...

Home visitors provide individualized services to families of infants and young children in their homes. Due unique role, home must develop a specialized set critical competencies—specific knowledge, skills, attitudes. They therefore require preparation that differs distinct ways from the typically available those who will teach classrooms. This article outlines key considerations for higher education programs preparing visiting workforce. We present comprehensive framework competencies...

Early Head Start (EHS) is a comprehensive, two-generation program that provides services to low-income families with children under the age of 3 years. As part their mandate, staff members EHS programs collaborate other service providers in local communities, including Part C and childcare providers. The incidence disabilities among was tracked as Research Evaluation Project. indicators (or potential disabilities) extremely high (87%) these very young living poverty; however, only 99...

This study examined the differences between preschool English learners and speakers in areas of classroom conduct, social skills, teacher–child relationship quality, as rated by their teachers. Data were taken from Early Head Start Research Evaluation Project. Students who significantly more positively on conduct quality than students speakers. There no significant effects language(s) spoken teacher-rated skills. The need for further research implications interactions are discussed.

ABSTRACT The Home Visit Rating Scales (HOVRS) were initially developed from field‐based descriptions of successful home visits and are supported by home‐visiting research in multiple disciplines. Four practices scales include indicators relationship building with families, responsiveness to family strengths, facilitation parent–child interaction, collaboration parents. Three engagement parent engagement, child the visit. original version, HOVRS‐1, was validated using video data two Early...

Although standardized assessments for young children have been criticized, little empirical evidence exists to support alternative assessment methods. Forty under 3 years of age referred an early childhood special education evaluation were randomly assigned either a multidisciplinary, or transdisciplinary, playbased assessment. Data on parent perceptions, staff time factors, functional utility reports, and congruence in judgment-based ratings evaluated. The play-based took weeks less...

Objectives This study was conducted to look inside home visits examine active intervention ingredients used and their relations with ratings of visit quality. In particular, triadic interactions that engage the visitor, parent, child together provide a context for visitors facilitate parent-child by observing, modeling coaching behaviors promote optimal development were examined. Methods Observations describe activities (with HVOF-R) rate quality practices engagement HOVRS A+). Results...

Effective service integration between Part C programs for infants and toddlers with disabilities Early Head Start (EHS) offers opportunities to serve children in natural environments provide a full range of comprehensive services low income families. This study was qualitative inquiry five states six local communities learn how state administrators, direct care providers, parents perceive the process EHS. Through open-ended interviews, respondents shared perceptions collaboration two at...

Social competence is an important developmental task in early childhood, and children with disabilities are at risk for developing deficits social competence. Yet little research as been conducted to analyze how individualized educational programs (IEPs) preschoolers childhood special education (ECSE) settings address development. This study examined the content of goals objectives abstracted from students' IEPs. Three federal criteria IEP were evaluate quality objectives: specification...

Using data from the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project, this study analyzed similarities differences of variables associated with child care services for low-income families young children disabilities typically developing children. Four major were analyzed: access to care; maternal participation in self-sufficiency activities, such as work or education; quality parental satisfaction care. Rates utilization self sufficiency activities similar both groups. At age 3, however,...

This study examined school readiness at kindergarten entry for low-income children whose disability indicators were identified before age 3. Data collected as part of the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Longitudinal Follow-up study. Children who had suspected developmental delays did not receive Part C services lower preacademic skill scores than those no indicators. In contrast, skills 5 received differ from A large proportion by 3 B later. Results highlight importance early...