Rice is the staple food for about half of world population. grain yield and quality are affected by climatic changes. Arguably, rice cultivars’ genetic diversity diminished from decades breeding using narrow germplasm, requiring introgressions other Oryza species, weedy or wild. Weedy has high diversity, which an essential resource crop improvement. Here, we analyzed phenotypic, physiological, molecular profiles two cultivars (IRGA 424 SCS119 Rubi) five (WR), different Brazilian regions, in...

The widespread occurrence of Palmer amaranth resistant to acetolactate synthase inhibitors and/or glyphosate led the increased use protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO)-inhibiting herbicides. This research aimed to: (1) evaluate efficacy foliar-applied fomesafen amaranth, (2) cross-resistance foliar PPO and herbicides with different mechanisms action, (3) survey Gly-210 deletion mutation among inhibitor–resistant (4) identify other target-site mutations in individuals, (5) determine resistance...

Abstract Glufosinate resistance was previously confirmed in three Palmer amaranth accessions from Arkansas (MSR1, MSR2, and CCR). Greenhouse screening results suggested the presence of multiple herbicide resistance. Therefore, this study aimed to determine postemergence profile glufosinate-resistant Arkansas. Field experiments were also conducted assess preemergence (PRE) (POST) options control accession with highest glufosinate level (MSR2). A dose-response assay resistant two susceptible...

Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a atividade residual da mistura comercial (imazethapyr+imazapic) sobre azevém semeado em sucessão áreas antes cultivadas com arroz Clearfield® (CL) um, dois ou três anos consecutivos. Os experimentos foram conduzidos campo, no município de Capão do Leão, RS. O cv. IRGA 422 CL foi considerado cultura principal, e o azevém, variedade indefinida, sucessora. delineamento experimental utilizado blocos ao acaso, quatro repetições. tratamentos arranjados...

Cotton with resistance to 2,4-d choline, glufosinate and glyphosate allows over-the-top use of these herbicides for postemergence weed control. Nontransgenic cotton is highly responsive low rates 2,4-d, causing concern among farmers when the herbicide applied near crop. Injury nearby following application choline sometimes blamed on volatilization herbicide.A large-scale experiment was conducted in 2018-2021 better understand causes damage sensitive an plus glufosinate-ammonium. The were 0.4...

We aimed with this study to evaluate the effects of residual activity in soil formulated mixtures herbicides imazethapyr + imazapic and imazapyr on ryegrass rice cultivars, IRGA 424 BRS Querencia. Two experiments were conducted under greenhouse randomized blocks design four replications split-plot split-split-plot designs, respectively for first (E1) second (E2) experiments. For E1, main plots allocated (imazethapyr imazapic), subplots doses [(0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 2.0 fold label dose (1 L·ha-1)...

Abstract Off-target movement of 2,4-D and dicamba is sometimes to blame as the cause symptoms observed in weeds growing production fields. Pesticide regulatory authorities routinely sample tissues or crops from fields under investigation for potential illegal use auxin herbicides. This research aimed determine if analytical tests herbicide residue on soybean Palmer amaranth vegetation treated with could be used differentiate between rates applied how levels decay over a 1-mo interval. Four...

Abstract Palmer amaranth is one of the most difficult-to-control weeds in row crop systems and has evolved resistance to several herbicide sites action (SOAs). A late-season weed-escape survey had been conducted earlier determine distribution protoporphyrinogen oxidase–inhibitor resistant Amaranth Arkansas. The objective this study was evaluate susceptibility Arkansas accessions commonly used SOAs. SOAs evaluated were group 2 + 9, 3, 4, 5, 10, 14, 15, 27, representative from each imazethapyr...

Abstract Weedy rice ( Oryza spp.) is one of the most troublesome weeds affecting sativa L.) production in many countries. control difficult fields, because weed and crop are phenotypically morphologically similar. can be a source genetic diversity for cultivated rice. Thus, this study aimed to characterize morphological weedy southern Brazil. Qualitative quantitative traits 249 accessions from eight rice-growing mesoregions Rio Grande do Sul (RS) Santa Catarina (SC) states were analyzed. For...

ABSTRACT: The use of dietholate seed treatment, as well the preemergence clomazone, can affect selectivity imidazolinones chemical group postemergence herbicides applied in crops Clearfield™. aim was to evaluate morphophysiological effects a formulated mixture imazapyr + imazapic combination with treatment and applying clomazone on Avaxi CL rice hybrid cultivar. experiment conducted agricultural year 2012/13, greenhouse. experimental design completely randomized factorial four replications,...

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar os efeitos da atividade residual mistura comercial do herbicida Only® (imazethapyr+imazapic) sobre o arroz convencional, cultivar IRGA 417, em solo cultivado uma e três safras sequenciais de Clearfield® (CL). Quatro experimentos foram conduzidos no município Capão Leão, RS, delineamento blocos ao acaso, quatro oito repetições, respectivamente para dois campo (EC1 EC3), casa vegetação (CV1 CV3). Os tratamentos arranjados esquema fatorial; fator A, dentro...

Abstract Investigations of the relevance low-tunnel methodology and air sampling concerning off-target movement dicamba were conducted from 2018 to 2022, focused primarily on volatility. This research, divided into three experiments, evaluated impact herbicides adjuvants added type surface treated Treatment combinations included glyphosate glufosinate, presence a simulated contamination rate ammonium sulfate (AMS), benefit volatility reduction agent (VRA), vegetated (dicamba-resistant...

Abstract Palmer amaranth can grow 4.2 mm in height per degree day; hence, delays of a few days weed control deployment result applications herbicides to weeds that are larger than those for which the herbicide label recommends. Therefore, it is critically necessary understand effect plant size at time application conjunction with spray solution and nozzle type pairings on effectiveness management programs Enlist E3 XtendFlex production systems. Field experiments were conducted 2020, no-crop...

Abstract New technologies in grain sorghum allow for the use of multiple acetyl CoA carboxylase- (ACCase) or acetolactate synthase- (ALS) inhibiting herbicides johnsongrass control. With growing issue herbicide resistance, producers need to understand which will successfully control accessions. To determine efficacy recently registered ones with potential become available sorghum, seeds were collected from 2017 2021 Arkansas, Kansas, Texas, and Oklahoma screened sensitivity fluazifop,...

Soil residual herbicides are often applied at cover crop termination to extend the period of weed control and reduce selection pressure for herbicide resistance. Previous studies indicate that one benefits use is increase in activity enzymes soil. Some also responsible breaking down molecules. The biodegradation soil a natural process leads reduction concentration parent compound overtime. Although can result increased enzymes, date, there no evidence such reduced persistence However, does...

ABSTRACT: Rice yield in Southern Brazil has increased linearly over the years. Early season sowing is primary contributor to rice increase Brazil. However, that practice might expose seedlings risk of low-temperature stress, which can enhance herbicide injury and reduce yield. This research evaluated effect dates on selectivity agronomical traits. We conducted field experiments during 2010/11 2011/12 growing seasons Capão do Leão, RS, The experimental design was a complete randomized block...

Background: Weedy rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the main weed of crop. The high genetic variability weedy contributes to phenotypic diversity between biotypes and different responses environmental stress. Objective: present study aimed evaluate response imidazolinone-susceptible -resistant populations increased atmospheric [CO2]. Methods: experiment was arranged in a complete randomized design with six replications. treatments included two [CO2] concentration (700 400 μmol mol-1) three...