This study reconstructs the agricultural landscape of southern coastal plain late Ottoman and British Mandatory Palestine (today southwestern Israel) utilizing 19th early 20th century cartographic materials aerial photographs. Immense human effort ingenuity were required to maintain sustainable on fringes desert. Given today’s increasingly severe climate crisis, lessons drawn from these historical practices have particular resonance. The land use described in this work extended into dunes...

Social and cultural diffusion determines how behavioral phenomena spread among communities. The COVID-19 pandemic, which emerged globally at the beginning of 2020, triggered changes in human behavior various settlements regions. In this study, we use a spatial approach to examine patterns during Omicron wave (December 2021–February 2022). We collected data on daily testing confirmed cases from Israeli Ministry Health (MoH) database, as well population characteristics Israel Central Bureau...

Abstract Due to their role in increasing fertility, coppice dunes (nebkhas) are regarded by many researchers as important contributors aridland ecosystems. Yet, despite frequent occurrence, little information exists regarding the rate and factors that control formation. The goal of current study is examine formation determine establishment Hallamish dune field western Negev Desert. which sand fines, hereafter aeolian input (AI) was trapped its particle size distribution (PSD) were examined...

Abstract Historical reports of earthquakes occurring before the twentieth century along Dead Sea Transform (DST) are available for past 3000 yr. Most them organized in various catalogs, reappraisals, and lists. Using a comprehensive consistent compilation these reports, historical seismicity associated with DST as complete tectonic unit was examined. The compilation, supported by paleoseismic archeoseismic evidence, resulted 174 reliable 112 doubtful ones. earthquakes, 42 post‐nineteenth...

In the last 10, years Twitter social network has become a robust messaging platform. To date, more than 500 million users worldwide. A given tweet can contain geographic location of transmitting device if geolocation services are activated or IP address be geocoded, which is applicable to only 1–3% all tweets. Nevertheless, tweets also 40 other meta-fields, some inserted by user and may include spatial information that tapped infer locations associated with tweet. This study implemented...

Climate hazards and vulnerabilities in cities are multidimensional. Natural features determine heat, floods wildfires. Social vulnerability resilience. This study examined multidimensional hazards, vulnerabilities, resilience Haifa, a socially diverse Mediterranean city. Spatial indices of heatwaves, floods, wildfires social were developed by Geographic Information Systems geoprocessing functions using Digital Elevation Model, land use welfare data. An online survey assessing risk...

Abstract Loessial colluvial sediments and aeolian aprons are common deposits in the Negev Desert Highlands. In an attempt to monitor amounts distributional pattern of loess, monthly dust measurements were carried out during 2004 2006 10 cm diameter traps located at 18 stations along four slopes, north‐facing, south‐facing, east‐facing west‐facing a second‐order drainage basin near Sede Boqer, Highlands, Israel. Annual total depositions ranged between 110 g 178 m −2 with average 151·1 . The...

As early as the fourth century BCE, Nabateans established Incense Road to facilitate transport of aromatic substances (frankincense and myrrh) from Arabian Peninsula Mediterranean basin. An important part this road was segment between Petra Gaza. Although studied before, accurate route parts is still vague since evidence Roman milestones are scarce significant portions landscape have changed dramatically in modern times, essentially wiping out tracks ancient roads. In study, we use...

A complete seismic risk assessment generally takes into consideration the interaction of three components – hazard, exposure and vulnerability after these are well defined for purpose interest, can be assessed by intersection components, in turn controlled countermeasures to each aspect risk. The goal this study is develop implement a semi-empirical model casualty estimation that will enable forecast extent, types severity casualties may happen Israel its surroundings case several scenarios...

On 1 January 1837 a devastating earthquake struck northern Ottoman Palestine, Lebanon and southern Syria, causing considerable damage in many localities. Tiberias, located on the western shores of Sea Galilee, suffered badly its inhabitants were injured or perished. Yet, although resulting described contemporary sources, evaluation spatial distribution was never made before. In this study textual visual sources collected compiled to evaluate that resulted. An HGIS (historical GIS) approach...

At the beginning of twentieth century, a British mapping team led by Captain S. F. Newcombe surveyed and mapped Negev region, Sinai, western Jordan. The map was mainly produced for military use. Consequently, it included network branched routes, water supplies facilities, topographic contours. This study used this to examine development routes in region between until end century. First, individual sheets comprising area were pieced together accuracy evaluated. found on 0.76 mm scale,...

Online Material: Four additional photos. On 11 July 1927 at 15:04, an earthquake struck Mandatory Palestine and its close surroundings, resulting in considerable casualties damage (Avni, 1999). Recent studies estimated the epicenter north of Dead Sea (Shapira et al. , 1993; Zohar Marco, 2012) a magnitude M L 6.25 Jerusalem, located nearly 30 km west epicenter, suffered greatly earthquake. Many structures were damaged, leaving several people killed, many injured, few hundreds homeless. The...

Abstract On July 9th, 551 AD, a strong earthquake followed by noticeable tsunami and another destructive shock hit the littoral zone of Phoenicia, currently Lebanon. The sequence events was associated with active faults in region, but source able to explain both seismic effects is still matter open debate. This article contributes unlocking this enigma providing modern analysis historical accounts macroseismic effects, environmental archaeoseismic findings. Here, we conduct seismotectonic...

This study offers a quantitative solution that automates the creation of historical timeline starting with old drawings from beginning 18th century and ending present-day photographs Old City Jerusalem. is performed using GIScience approaches, computer vision, deep learning. The motivation to select Jerusalem substantial availability archival photographs, owing area’s significance throughout years. task challenging, as drawings, new exhibit distinct characteristics. Our method encompasses...

On top of King David's Sepulchre at Mt Zion there is an Ottoman minaret known as al-Nabi Da'ud. Compared with other minarets in Jerusalem, Da'ud seems to be somewhat shorter, and has a squat-like appearance. To track why it shorter than minarets, we inspected written historical sources, sequence old drawings dated between the mid-eighteenth mid-nineteenth centuries analysed minaret's metric proportions. In before 1833, portrayed much higher photographs after 1838. Furthermore, comparative...

Landscape reconstructions and deep maps are two major approaches in cultural heritage studies. In general, they require the use of historical visual sources such as maps, graphic artworks, photographs presenting areal scenes, from which one can extract spatial information. However, photographs, most accurate reliable source for scenery reconstruction, available only second half 19th century onward. Thus, earlier periods rely on old artworks. Nevertheless, accuracy inclusiveness artworks...