Agricultural tractors are highly fuel-consuming and soil/air polluting machines; thus, the introduction of new sustainable technologies, such as hybridization, can be very impactful for development electric hybrid agricultural tractors. These vehicles combine classic internal combustion engine with an machine. This paper reports modeling simulation, conducted using a simulation software typically used on-road vehicles, two-wheel-drive tractor in three different configurations: conventional...

A greenhouse containing an integrated system of photovoltaic panels, a water electrolyzer, fuel cells and geothermal heat pump was set up to investigate suitable solutions for power based on solar energy hydrogen, feeding self-sufficient, geothermal-heated greenhouse. The electricity produced by the source supplies electrolyzer; manufactured hydrogen gas is held in pressure tank. In these systems, electrolyzer crucial component; technical challenge make it work regularly despite irregularity...

A comparison of three different methods to evaluate the tree row volume (TRV) a super-high-density olive orchard is presented in this article. The purpose was validate suitability unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry and 3D modeling techniques with respect manual traditional TRV detection. use UAV can reduce amount estimated biomass and, therefore, pesticides be used field by means more accurate prescription maps. methodologies performed on an adult orchard, planted density 1660...

Plant protection control based on the spray application of plant products is a very complex task depending series factors, among which droplet size most influential for deposition and pesticide effectiveness. In fact, adoption correct can ensure that required dose reaches target area not wasted, minimizes off-target losses due to evaporation, drift run-off and, at same time, enhances operator’s safety in terms inhalation, ingestion dermal exposure. this paper, after defining some mean...

Technological peculiarities of cultivation and harvesting some agricultural crops make it necessary to use asymmetric machine-and-tractor aggregates. However, for the time being there is no sufficiently complete, analytical study steady movement such This necessitates development a theory stable aggregates which would allow choosing their optimal kinematic design parameters. On basis results mathematical simulation, system linear differential equations second order obtained describing...

Nowadays, the traditional energy sources used for greenhouse heating are fossil fuels such as LPG, diesel and natural gas. The global demand will continue to grow alternative technologies need be developed in order improve sustainability of crop production protected environments. Innovative solutions represented by renewable plants photovoltaic, wind geothermal integrated systems, however, these connected power grid store produced. On agricultural land, grids not widespread stand-alone...

Agricultural tractors are high fuel-consuming and polluting machines, thus the introduction of new sustainable technologies, as hybridization, can be very impactful for development electric hybrid agricultural tractors. These vehicles combine classic internal combustion engine with an machine, to reduce environmental impact improve efficiency. This paper reports modeling simulation conducted, using a software typically used on-road vehicles, two wheel-drive tractor in three different...

Protection of greenhouse crops in southern Italy usually requires 15–20 phytosanitary treatments per year, with volume rates the range 1000–2000 L ha−1, depending on plant growth stage. The most widespread sprayers are hand-held, high-pressure devices, which may expose operators to high levels pesticides. This paper, also aim lead toward a more sustainable use greenhouses agricultural productions, including some aspects workers’ safety, reports results experimental tests aimed at measuring...

Greenhouses play a significant function in the modern agriculture economy even if require great amount of energy for heating systems. An interesting solution to alleviate costs and environmental problems may be represented by use geothermal energy. The aim this paper, based on measured experimental data, such as inside greenhouse temperature heat pump performance (input output temperatures working fluid, electric consumption), was evaluation suitability low enthalpy sources agricultural...

Wide span tractors have a wide transversal bar, on which different implements can be mounted, while the supporting wheels follow set traffic-lanes. The stability of tractor movement is influenced by unbroken small angular deviations and displacements machine due to several factors. These deflections from trajectories affect working implements, especially peripheral ones, cut plants if are used manage row crops. In this context, it needs consider safeguard zone that allows reduce probability...

The employment of bales is considerable interest in the agricultural sector due to mechanization production chain, ease their manipulation and transport, low requirements for, flexibility of, storage manpower requirements. Forage are mainly employed zootechny, which albeit with important changes, today still an essential economic for our society. optimization results zootechnical field depends largely on feeding animals; this regard, fodder-crops play a fundamental role European sector. soil...

One of the most delicate operations in sugar beet harvesting process is removing tops from heads root crops without any mechanical damages. The aim this study to improve design conveying and unloading system topper machine. In paper, a mathematical model motion cut particle M, along system, has been developed support evaluation kinematic parameters, depending on rotational speed thrower blade, air flow speed, required ejection position trailer that moves alongside harvester. It established...

The aim of this paper is the analysis almond harvesting system with a very high level mechanization frequently used in Apulia for and hulling process. Several tests were carried out to assess technical aspects related machinery mechanized itself, highlighting their usefulness, limits, compatibility within cultivation sector. Almonds easily separated from tree, circumstance considerably improved mechanical operation efficiency even if total time was mainly affected by required manoeuvre...

The harvest techniques and the employed machines are important factors in reducing soil loss due to root crop harvesting. Furthermore, deviation of working organs self-propelled sugar harvesting from axis row also leads significant losses damage beetroots. Therefore, machine units must move a horizontal plane with high degree accuracy. purpose this study is increase efficiency harvester by analyzing its plane-parallel motion evaluating constructive kinematic parameters. In order determine...

The electromagnetic field (EMF) levels generated by mobile telephone radio base stations (RBS) situated on rural-agricultural lands were assessed in order to evaluate the exposure of farm workers surrounding area. expected EMF at various distances from a RBS was calculated using an ad hoc numerical forecast model. Subsequently, electric fields around some agricultural measured, obtain good approximation effective conditions investigated sites. viability this study tested according Italian...

The beet leaves and tops, which currently are excluded from the production process of sugar, could be an interesting opportunity for renewable energy. Usually, defoliators joined with root collar remover machines, installed in front tractor. In working conditions on soils having natural roughness these front-mounted topper machines carried by tractors affected angular oscillations a longitudinal-vertical plane that strongly affect cutting uniformity. A theoretical study was out this paper...

Turning time occupies a significant part of the operations carried out by implement-and-tractor aggregates, especially in fields with short runs. Incorrectly executed turns increase width turning strips, significantly increasing idle path aggregate, negative effect on its efficiency. The objective this paper was to theoretically analyse agility an asymmetric taking into account forward speed and design parameters. Considering trailed swath reaper tractor obtained equations allowed numerical...