Abstract In this paper we describe the Subnational Human Development Database. This database contains for period 1990–2017 1625 regions within 161 countries national and subnational values of Index (SHDI), three dimension indices on basis which SHDI is constructed – education, health standard living --, four indicators needed to create -- expected years schooling, mean life expectancy gross income per capita. The were computed using data from statistical offices Area Database Global Data...

The gender gap in education that has long favored men reversed for young adults almost all high and middle-income countries. In 2010, the proportion of women aged 25-29 with a college was higher than more 139 countries which altogether represent 86% world's population. According to recent population forecasts, will have nearly every country world by 2050, exception only few African West Asian (KC et al. 2010). reversal major implications composition marriage markets, assortative mating,...

Newly released census microdata reveal the nearly worldwide and substantial decline in educational hypergamy (women marrying men with higher attainment) across 56 countries from 1970s to 2000s. We examine extent which observed decrease is connected rise female attainment. Our results show that an enduring form of gender inequality union formation examined but it has been decreasing over last few decades some reversed recent years. Overall, we find a strong association between differences...

This study critically reviews the Gender Inequality Index (GII), new gender-related index proposed by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in 2010 Human Report, arguing that its particular construction limits usefulness and appropriateness as a global gender inequality index. In particular, functional form of is excessively unnecessarily confusing. Moreover, inclusion indicators compare relative performance women vis-à-vis men, together with absolute women-specific indicators,...

Based on harmonized census data from 81 countries, we estimate how age and coresidence patterns shape the vulnerability of countries’ populations to outbreaks coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We variation in deaths arising due a simulated random infection 10% population living private households subsequent within-household transmission virus. The structures European North American countries increase their COVID-related general. elderly persons Africa parts Asia these induced by COVID-19....

Using data from the UN World Population Prospects, we document global trends in lifespan inequality 1950 until 2015. Our findings indicate that (i) there has been a sustained decline overall inequality, (ii) adult variability also declined, but some plateaus and trend reversals have identified, (iii) among elderly increased virtually everywhere, (iv) most of world age-at-death can be attributed to within-country variability. Such changes occurred against backdrop generalized longevity...

ABSTRACT The measurement of socio‐economic gender inequality has not received much attention from the development literature despite its great relevance and important policy implications. In this article we present two new indices to measure inequalities that overcome some limitations inherent in UNDP gender‐related other presented literature. proposed are conducive exploring extent which gaps favour women and/or men, showing contribution different subcomponents overall levels inequality....

Ranking objects in terms of different attributes is a crucial practice that typically sensitive to the choice attributes' weights. In this paper we present rigorous methods assess extent which weight‐based rankings are robust alternative Empirical illustrations provided, showing robustness country arising from values UNDP Human Development Index, Gender‐related or Poverty Index among others. The ideas and techniques presented can be used reliability multiattribute rankings.

Abstract The Human Development Index is the world's most famous indicator of level development societies. A disadvantage this index however that only national values are available, whereas within many countries huge subnational variation in exists. We therefore have developed Subnational (SHDI), which shows within‐country human across globe. Covering more than 1,600 regions 161 countries, SHDI and its underlying dimension indices provide a 10 times higher resolution picture previously...

Current measures of population health lack indicators capturing the variability in age-at-morbidity onset, an important marker to assess timing patterns individuals' deterioration and evaluate compression morbidity. We provide global, regional, national estimates morbidity onset from 1990 2019 using healthy lifespan inequality (HLI). Using data Global Burden Disease Study 2019, we reconstruct age-at-death distributions calculate (LI), HLI. measure LI HLI with standard deviation. Between...

Lifespan variation has been attracting attention as a measure of population health and mortality. Several studies have highlighted its strong inverse relationship with life expectancy during periods steady mortality decline, but this association weakens

ABSTRACT Many health indicators are bounded, that is, their values lie between a lower and an upper bound. Inequality measurement with bounded variables faces two normative challenges well‐known in the inequality literature. One is rankings may or not be consistent across admissible attainment shortfall representations of variable. The other set maximum‐inequality distributions for different from respective no Therefore, ethical criteria ranking unbounded appropriate variables. In novel...

Journal Article Uncertainty and robustness in composite indices rankings Get access Iñaki Permanyer Department of City Regional Planning, Cornell University, West Sibley Hall, 14853 Ithaca, NY, USA; e-mail: ip52@cornell.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Economic Papers, Volume 64, Issue 1, January 2012, Pages 57–79, https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpr018 Published: 01 June 2011

Abstract We examine the measurement of social polarization with categorical and ordinal data. partition society into groups on basis salient characteristics, such as race ethnicity, we take account extent to which these are clustered in certain regions an attribute's distribution. This is particularly useful many contexts where cardinal data not available. The new measures propose characterized axiomatically.

Despite the intuitive notion that educational homogamy matters for distribution of economic resources across households, existing research finds changes in have had little impact on inequality between households. In this article, we document whether conclusion generalizes to 21 countries and aim understand reasons why. We use data from Luxembourg Income Studies simulate both observed hypothetical inequality. If remained stable over time, estimated difference simulated would been below 1 per...

The aim of this article is to document and understand how trends in educational variability the gender gap education developed jointly over time. Main questions include: Is distribution among women becoming more dispersed as their average attainment surpasses that men? higher than Does reduction–and eventual reversal–of go hand-in-hand with less overall? To answer these we first show overall can be decomposed into four clearly interpretable components (variability men, advantage favoring...

Abstract Background Current measures to monitor population health include indicators of (i) average length-of-life (life expectancy), (ii) spent in good (health and (iii) variability (lifespan inequality). What is lacking an indicator measuring the extent which healthy lifespans are unequally distributed across individuals (the so-called ‘healthy lifespan inequality’ indicators). Methods We combine information on age-specific survival with prevalence functional limitation or disability Spain...

Based on harmonized census data from 81 countries, we estimate how age and co-residence patterns shape the vulnerability of countries' populations to outbreaks covid-19. We variation in deaths arising due a simulated random infection 10% population living private households subsequent within-household transmission virus. The age-structures European North American countries increase their covid-related general. elderly persons Africa parts Asia these induced by Southern which have aged...

The first European Union Survey on Violence against Women (EU-VAW) released in 2014 revealed the unexpected result indicating that world’s most egalitarian countries have relatively high rates of Intimate Partner Against (IPVAW). This phenomenon, referred to as “Nordic Paradox,” revived a heated, intermittently ongoing discussion dating back four decades where several competing hypotheses about relationship between gender inequality and IPVAW been proposed, but no consensus has reached. main...

Much less is known about the sex gap in lifespan variation, which reflects inequalities length of life, than life expectancy (average life). We examined contributions age groups and causes death to variation for 28 European countries, grouped into five regions. In 2010-15, males Europe displayed a 6.8-year-lower 2.3-year-higher standard deviation females, with clear regional differences. Sex differences are attributable largely higher external mortality among aged 30-39, whereas due...