A5059683117- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Multiple Myeloma Research and Treatments
- Plant and Fungal Interactions Research
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Cancer therapeutics and mechanisms
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- interferon and immune responses
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Gut microbiota and health
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
2016-2024
Foundation for Medical Research
2010-2018
University of London
2012
ABSTRACT Routine full characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is culture based, taking many weeks. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) can generate antibiotic susceptibility profiles to inform treatment, augmented with strain information for global surveillance; such data could be transformative if provided at or near the point care. We demonstrate a low-cost method DNA extraction directly from patient samples M. WGS. initially evaluated by using Illumina MiSeq sequencer (40 smear-positive...
Curiously, in viruses, the virion volume appears to be predominantly driven by genome length rather than number of proteins it encodes or geometric constraints. With their large and giant particle size, amoebal viruses (AVs) are ideally suited study relationship between size explore role plasticity evolutionary success. Different genomic regions AVs exhibit distinct genealogies. Although vertically transferred core genes functions universally conserved across nucleocytoplasmic DNA virus...
We performed spoligotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from 833 systematically sampled pulmonary (TB) patients in urban Mumbai, India (723 patients), and adjacent rural areas western (110 patients). The cohort consisted two groups patients, new cases (646 patients) first-time treatment failures (77 while only were recruited the areas. showed 71% clustering, with 168 Manu1, 62 CAS, 22 Beijing, 30 EAI-5 isolates. 69% clustered, 14 8 6 proportion Beijing strains was higher this group...
The identification of multidrug resistant (MDR), extensively and totally drug Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), in vulnerable sites such as Mumbai, is a grave threat to the control tuberculosis. current study aimed at explaining rapid expression MDR Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) compliant patients, represents first comparing global transcriptional profiles 3 pairs clinical Mtb isolates, collected longitudinally initiation completion DOTS. While isolates were susceptible...
Background Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB) is a threat to global tuberculosis control. A significant fitness cost has been associated with DR strains from specific lineages. Evaluation of the influence competing drug susceptible on resistant may have an important bearing understanding spread MDR TB. The aim this study was evaluate TB strains, endemic region western India: Mumbai, belonging 3 predominant lineages namely CAS, Beijing and MANU in presence same Methodology single...
We performed 12 loci MIRU-VNTR on 327 Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) isolates belonging to three major spoligotypes MANU1, CAS1_Delhi and Beijing from Mumbai, western India two proximal rural locations. Complete allele drug susceptibility data was available for 232 isolates. These included 143 MANU1 (ST100), 65 (ST26) 24 (ST1) Of the isolates, 26 were consisting 6 20 Using eBURST multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), cluster analyses each of profiles. MLST consisted 90 related (clustered...
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding single-stranded RNA, which play an important role in modulating host-Influenza A virus (IAV) crosstalk. The interplay between influenza and miRNA interaction is defined by plethora complex mechanisms, not fully understood yet. Here, we demonstrate that IAV infected A549 cells, synchronous increase was observed the expression mTOR up to 24 hpi significant downregulation at 48 hpi. Additionally, NP interacts with modulates levels mRNA...
We report the isolation and complete genome sequencing of a new Mimiviridae family member, infecting Acanthamoeba castellanii, from sewage in Mumbai, India. The isolated virus has particle size about 435 nm 1,182,200-bp genome. A phylogeny based on DNA polymerase sequence placed isolate as member lineage was named Mimivirus bombay. Extensive presence members different environmental niches, with remarkably similar genetic makeup, point towards an evolutionary advantage that needs to be...
Abstract Aims The use of metagenomics for pathogen identification in clinical practice has been limited. Here we describe a workflow to encourage the utility and potential NGS screening bacteria, fungi, antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). Methods results method includes target enrichment, long-read sequencing, automated bioinformatics. Evaluation several tools databases was undertaken across standard organisms (n = 12), isolates 114), blood samples from patients with suspected bloodstream...
ABSTRACT Treatment decisions for tuberculosis (TB) in the absence of full drug-susceptibility data can result amplifying resistance and may compromise treatment outcomes. Genomics Mycobacterium ( M.tb ) from clinical samples enables detection drug to multiple drugs. We performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) 600 patients with identify drug-resistance profile mutation spectrum. documented reasons reported by clinicians referral. WGS identified a high proportion (51%) pre-extensively...
Background: Multidrug - resistant TB (MDR TB) has emerged as a major threat to global control efforts in recent years. Facilities for its diagnosis and treatment are limited many high burden countries, including India. In hyper endemic areas like Mumbai, screening newly diagnosed cases at higher risk of acquiring MDR is necessary, initiating appropriate timely treatment, prevent further spread. Objective: To assess factors associated with among Category I, new sputum smear-positive cases,...
Abstract Routine full characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) is culture-based, taking many weeks. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) can generate antibiotic susceptibility profiles to inform treatment, augmented with strain information for global surveillance; such data could be transformative if provided at or near point care. We demonstrate a low-cost DNA extraction method TB WGS direct from patient samples. initially evaluated the using Illumina MiSeq sequencer (40 smear-positive...
ABSTRACT We report here the isolation and complete genome sequencing of a large double-stranded DNA virus, Powai Lake megavirus, for first time from India. The virus with size >1 Mb India further attests to prevalence Giant viruses in different environmental niches.
Abstract We report the detection of genomic signatures giant viruses (GVs) in metagenomes three environment samples from Mumbai, India, namely, a pre-filter household water purifier, sludge sample wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), and drying bed same WWTP. The de novo assembled contigs each yielded 700 to 2000 maximum unique matches with GV database. In all samples, number reads aligned Pandoraviridae, followed by Phycodnaviridae, Mimiviridae, Iridoviridae, other Megaviruses. also isolated...
India and China are two Asian super-powers with developing economies carried on the shoulders of their booming populations. This growth can only be sustained by nurturing “human resource”. However increasing reports insufficient public health (PH) initiatives in when compared to aggressive PH system may prove Achilles’ heels for India. review compares combating Tuberculosis (TB), disease responsible maximum mortality morbidity a single infectious agent. While has acknowledged load thereafter...
The study was carried out in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients from the local Tuberculosis control programme, Mumbai, India. It examined features of chest X-rays and their correlation with clinical parameters for possible application suspected multidrug resistant TB (MDRTB) to predict outcome new treatment failure PTB cases. X-ray (infiltrate, cavitation, miliary shadows, pleural effusion, mediastinal lymphadenopathy extent lesions) were analyzed identify associations biological/clinical...
Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), proven to be a better alternative when compared with the combined sensitivity and specificity all other modalities for diagnosis (TB), aids epidemiological surveillance investigations by combining current research diagnostics. This study was conducted identify resolve operational challenges in performing WGS-based drug resistance testing (DRT) MTB TB culture susceptibility (DST) laboratory. Three critical, non-redundant steps...