A5017438156- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Climate change and permafrost
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Aquatic and Environmental Studies
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Food Industry and Aquatic Biology
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Process Optimization and Integration
- Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Phytochemical and Pharmacological Studies
- Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
- Light effects on plants
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
Makivik Corporation
2023
Université Laval
2022-2023
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2023
University of Rostock
2023
Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung
2023
University of Manitoba
2018-2022
The growth of phytoplankton at high latitudes was generally thought to begin in open waters the marginal ice zone once highly reflective sea retreats spring, solar elevation increases, and surface become stratified by addition sea-ice melt water. In fact, virtually all recent large-scale estimates primary production Arctic Ocean (AO) assume that water column under is negligible. However, over past two decades, an emerging literature showing significant under-ice on a pan-Arctic scale has...
Abstract Heavy ice conditions along Canada's east coast during spring 2017 presented hazardous for the maritime industry and required Canadian Coast Guard to pull its research icebreaker, CCGS Amundsen , off scientific cruise provide escort services conduct search rescue operations Newfoundland's northeast coast. Greater concentrations a thicker pack than are typical of this area created anomalous cover. Within paper we present in situ observations cover, confirming that pieces multiyear sea...
Abstract. The Green Edge initiative was developed to investigate the processes controlling primary productivity and fate of organic matter produced during Arctic phytoplankton spring bloom (PSB) determine its role in ecosystem. Two field campaigns were conducted 2015 2016 at an ice camp located on landfast sea southeast Qikiqtarjuaq Island Baffin Bay (67.4797∘ N, 63.7895∘ W). During both expeditions, a large suite physical, chemical biological variables measured beneath consolidated sea-ice...
Areas covered in compact sea ice were often assumed to prohibit upper-ocean photosynthesis. Yet, under-ice phytoplankton blooms (UIBs) have increasingly been observed the Arctic, driven by anthropogenic changes optical properties of Arctic ice. Here, we show evidence that Southern Ocean may also support widespread UIBs. We compile 77 time series water column samples from biogeochemical Argo floats profiled under (80%–100% concentration) austral spring–summer since 2014. find nearly all (88%)...
Abstract Coastal kelp forests produce substantial marine carbon due to high annual net primary production (NPP) rates, but upscaling of NPP estimates over time and space remains difficult. We investigated the impact variable underwater photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) photosynthetic parameters on oxygen Laminaria hyperborea , dominant NE‐Atlantic species, throughout summer 2014. Collection depth had no effect chlorophyll a content, pointing photoacclimation potential L. towards...
During a research expedition in Hudson Bay June 2018, vast areas of thick (>10 m), deformed sediment-laden sea ice were encountered unexpectedly southern and presented difficult navigation conditions for the Canadian Coast Guard Ship Amundsen. An aerial survey one these floes revealed maximum ridge height 4.6 m an average freeboard 2.2 m, which corresponds to estimated total thickness 18 far greater than expected within seasonal cover. Samples upper portion floe that it was isothermal...
Pertinent environmental factors influencing the microalgal bloom during sea-ice breakup in Hudson Bay were investigated June 2018, producing first observations of late spring primary production offshore waters this vast inland sea. Phytoplankton was found to commence at onset ice melt, with surface nutrient depletion leading formation a subsurface chlorophyll maximum open western Bay. Concurrently, melting mobile cover central created favorable conditions for diatom-dominated under-ice...
The transmission of ultraviolet (UVR) and photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) through sea ice is a key factor controlling under-ice phytoplankton growth in seasonally ice-covered waters. increase towards sufficient light levels for positive net photosynthesis occurs concurrently with the melt progression late spring when surface conditions shift from relatively homogeneous high-albedo snow cover to less reflective mosaic bare ponds. Here, we present detailed dataset on spatial...
One of the most striking ecological divides on Earth is between marine and nearby freshwater environments, as relatively few taxa can move two. Microbial eukaryotes contribute to biogeochemical energy cycling in both fresh waters, with little species overlap two ecosystems. Arctic sub-Arctic systems are compared tropical temperate systems, but details microbial eukaryote communities along river-to-sea transitions poorly known. To bridge this knowledge gap, we investigated three (Nelson,...
The Arctic spring phytoplankton bloom has been reported to commence under a melting sea ice cover as transmission of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR; 400–700 nm) suddenly increases with the formation surface melt ponds. Spatial variability in characteristics, i.e., snow thickness or pond distributions, and subsequent impact on transmitted PAR makes estimating light-limited primary production difficult during this time year. Added difficulty is interpretation data from various sensor...
The Hudson Bay complex (HBC) is home to numerous indigenous communities that traditionally have relied heavily on its marine resources. nutritional quality and stocks of the entire HBC food web depend in large part phytoplankton production bioactive molecules (long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids carotenoids) their transfer through trophic levels. purpose this study was thus determine which were produced during spring blooms, as well environmental factors driving production. We...
In recent years several regional and pan-Arctic ocean color algorithms, which consider the unique bio-optical properties of Arctic Ocean, have been developed to accurately extract surface chlorophyll a (Chl a), key input into net primary production (NPP) from spectral remote sensing reflectance (Rrs). However, most satellite derived NPP (NPPSAT) algorithms used in do not account for at deep subsurface maxima (SCMs), prominent feature Ocean during summer months, leading underestimations...
Abstract. The Green Edge initiative was developed to investigate the processes controlling primary productivity and fate of organic matter produced during Arctic phytoplankton spring bloom (PSB) determine its role in ecosystem. Two field campaigns were conducted 2015 2016 at an ice camp located on landfast sea southeast Qikiqtarjuaq Island Baffin Bay (67.4797N, 63.7895W). During both expeditions, a large suite physical, chemical biological variables measured beneath consolidated cover from...
Earth and Space Science Open Archive This preprint has been submitted to is under consideration at Nature Communications. ESSOAr a venue for early communication or feedback before peer review. Data may be preliminary.Learn more about preprints preprintOpen AccessYou are viewing an older version [v2]Go new versionPhytoplankton Blooms Under Antarctic Sea IceAuthorsChristopherHorvatiDKelsey MBissoniDSarahSeabrookAntoniaCristiiDLisaMatthesiDSee all authors Christopher HorvatiDCorresponding...
Areas covered in compact sea ice are often assumed to prohibit upper ocean photosynthesis. Yet under-ice phytoplankton blooms (UIBs) have increasingly been observed the Arctic, driven by anthropogenic changes optical properties of Arctic ice. Here we show Southern Ocean can also support widespread UIBs. Using under ice-enabled BGC-Argo float data, detail numerous high biomass events below preceding seasonal retreat, and classify 12 distinct UIB events. joint light, ice, conditions obtained...
Areas covered in compact sea ice are often assumed to prohibit upper ocean photosynthesis. Yet under-ice phytoplankton blooms (UIBs) have increasingly been observed the Arctic, driven by anthropogenic changes optical properties of Arctic ice. Here we show Southern Ocean can also support widespread UIBs. Using under ice-enabled BGC-Argo float data, detail numerous high biomass events below preceding seasonal retreat, and classify 12 distinct UIB events. joint light, ice, conditions obtained...