A5009306265- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Sex work and related issues
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Healthcare Policy and Management
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Global Health and Epidemiology
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy
- Health Policy Implementation Science
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Endometrial and Cervical Cancer Treatments
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Public-Private Partnership Projects
University of O'Higgins
2021-2025
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2015-2024
Faculty of Public Health
2017-2024
TuBerculosis Vaccine Initiative
2022-2024
University of Mendoza
2024
Access to Wholistic and Productive Living Institute
2024
Sanofi (France)
2020-2023
Indiana University School of Medicine
2023
University of London
2019-2023
International AIDS Vaccine Initiative
2023
The World Health Organization initiative to eliminate mother-to-child transmission of syphilis aims for ≥ 90% pregnant women be tested and receive treatment by 2015. We calculated global regional estimates in pregnancy associated adverse outcomes 2008, as well antenatal care (ANC) coverage with syphilis.Estimates were based upon a health service delivery model. National seropositivity data from 97 193 countries ANC 147 obtained databases. Proportions effectiveness screening published...
Background The use of antiviral medications by HIV negative people to prevent acquisition or pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has shown promising results in recent trials. To understand the potential impact PrEP for prevention, addition efficacy data, we need both acceptability among members user groups and factors likely determine uptake. Methods findings Surveys willingness products were conducted with 1,790 (FSWs, MSM, IDUs, SDCs young women) seven countries: Peru, Ukraine, India, Kenya,...
BackgroundThe post-2015 End TB Strategy proposes targets of 50% reduction in tuberculosis incidence and 75% mortality from by 2025. We aimed to assess whether these are feasible three high-burden countries with contrasting epidemiology previous programmatic achievements.Methods11 independently developed mathematical models transmission projected the epidemiological impact currently available interventions for prevention, diagnosis, treatment China, India, South Africa. Models were calibrated...
Background Operational research is required to design delivery of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and early antiretroviral treatment (ART). This paper presents the primary analysis programmatic data, as well demographic, behavioural, clinical from TAPS Demonstration Project, which offered both interventions female sex workers (FSWs) at 2 urban clinic sites in South Africa. Methods findings The study was conducted between 30 March 2015 June 2017, with enrolment period ending on 31 July 2016....
This study aims to assess the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in two major slums Nairobi, Kenya.We use data from a cross-sectional population-based survey, conducted 2008-2009, involving random sample 5190 (2794 men 2396 women) adults aged 18 years older resident both slums.Overall, prevalence (weighted by sampling response rates) (SBP ≥140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥90 antihypertensive medication) was 12.3% (12.7% women 12.0% men). The overall level awareness (having...
BackgroundDisease-specific costing studies can be used as input into cost-effectiveness analyses and provide important information for efficient resource allocation. However, limited data availability expertise constrain such in low- middle-income countries (LMICs).ObjectiveTo describe a step-by-step guideline conducting disease-specific LMICs where is to illustrate how the was applied study of cardiovascular disease prevention care rural Nigeria.DesignThe provides practical recommendations...
Background Syphilis in pregnancy imposes a significant global health and economic burden. More than half of cases result serious adverse events, including infant mortality infection. The annual burden from mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) syphilis is estimated at 3.6 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) $309 medical costs. screening treatment simple, effective, affordable, yet, worldwide, most pregnant women do not receive these services. We assessed cost-effectiveness...
Although less well-recognized than for other infectious diseases, heterogeneity is a defining feature of tuberculosis (TB) epidemiology. To advance toward TB elimination, this must be better understood and addressed. Drivers in epidemiology act at the level host, organism, susceptible environment, distal determinants. These effects may amplified by social mixing patterns, while variable latent period between infection disease mask transmission. Reliance on notified cases lead to...
Expanded genomic and clinical surveillance are needed to understand the spread of respiratory viruses
Gabriela Gomez and colleagues developed a mathematical model of the HIV epidemic among men who have sex with transwomen in Lima, Peru to explore whether pre-exposure prophylaxis could be cost-effective addition existing prevention strategies.
Objective We aimed to understand the attitudes, preferences and acceptance of oral parenteral PrEP among men who have sex with (MSM) in Thailand. Background Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), use antiretrovirals prevent HIV acquisition, has shown promising results recent trials. To assess potential impact this new prevention method, addition efficacy data, we need which psychosocial factors are likely determine its uptake members user groups. Methods Findings Surveys willingness products were...
BackgroundThe post-2015 End TB Strategy sets global targets of reducing tuberculosis incidence by 50% and mortality 75% 2025. We aimed to assess resource requirements cost-effectiveness strategies achieve these in China, India, South Africa.MethodsWe examined intervention scenarios developed consultation with country stakeholders, which scaled up existing interventions high but feasible coverage Nine independent modelling groups collaborated estimate policy outcomes, we estimated the cost...
To examine policymakers and providers' views on pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) their willingness to support its introduction, inform policy practice in this emerging field.Semistructured qualitative interview study.Peru, Ukraine, India, Kenya, Uganda, Botswana South Africa.35 policymakers, 35 healthcare workers 21 non-governmental organisation representatives involved HIV prevention.Six themes emerged from the data: (1) perceived prevention landscape: initiatives needed be improved...
The economic burden on households affected by tuberculosis through costs to patients can be catastrophic. WHO's End TB Strategy recognises and aims eliminate these potentially devastating effects. We assessed whether aggressive expansion of services might reduce catastrophic costs.We estimated the reduction in tuberculosis-related with an India South Africa from 2016 2035, line Strategy. Using modelled incidence mortality for patient-incurred cost estimates, we investigated three...
Lifestyle and working conditions of truck drivers predisposes them to risk-factors associated with communicable non-communicable diseases, but little is known about the health status African driver. This study aims assess a cross-section truckers in South Africa describe their information.The took place across three truck-stop rest areas provinces Free State Gauteng.Eligibility criteria included being males aged 18 years older, full-time employment as long-distance A total 614 male...
Health literacy (HL) has been recognized as an important public health issue in other developed countries such the US. There is currently no HL screening tool valid for use UK. This study aimed to validate a US-developed (the Rapid Estimate Adult Literacy Medicine; REALM) UK against UK's general Basic Skills Agency Initial Assessment Test, BSAIT).A cross-sectional survey involving 300 adult patients admitted hospital investigation of coronary heart disease were given REALM and BSAIT tools...
Abstract Global guidelines for new technologies are based on cost and efficacy data from a limited number of trial locations. Country‐level decision makers need to consider whether cost‐effectiveness analysis used inform global sufficient their situation or use models that adjust results taking into account setting‐specific epidemiological heterogeneity. However, demand supply constraints will also impact by influencing the standard care implementation any technology. These may vary...