We report the synthesis of a new nanocrystal (NC) mesophase through self-assembly water-soluble NC micelles with soluble silica. The comprises gold nanocrystals arranged within silica matrix in face-centered cubic lattice cell dimensions that are adjustable control diameter and/or alkane chain lengths primary alkanethiol stabilizing ligands or surrounding secondary surfactants. Under kinetically controlled polymerization conditions, evaporation drives into ordered NC/silica thin-film...

We report for the first time a one-step, templateless method to directly prepare large arrays of oriented TiO2-based nanotubes and continuous films. These titania nanostructures can also be easily prepared as conformal coatings on substrate. The nanostructured films were formed Ti substrate seeded with TiO2 nanoparticles. SEM TEM results suggested that folding mechanism sheetlike structures was involved in formation nanotubes. nanotubes, films, are expected have potentials applications...

A newly discovered piezoelectrochemical (PZEC) effect for the direct conversion of mechanical energy to chemical is applied mechanically induced degradation a dye C.I. Acid Orange (AO7) from aqueous solution in presence BaTiO3 microdendrites. The mechanism PZEC depends on ultrasonic vibration used, which formation strain-induced electric charges dendrite surface due deformation and local charge accumulation BaTiO3. With sufficient potential, strained piezoelectric dendrites AO7 triggered...

Catalytic conversion of polysulfides emerges as a promising approach to improve the kinetics and mitigate polysulfide shuttling in lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries, especially under conditions high sulfur loading lean electrolyte. Herein, we present separator architecture that incorporates double-terminal binding (DTB) sites within nitrogen-doped carbon framework, consisting polar Co0.85Se Co clusters (Co/Co0.85Se@NC), enhance durability Li–S batteries. The uniformly dispersed offer abundant...

Single crystalline and nearly monodisperse In2O3 nanocrystals with both dot flower shapes were synthesized in a simple reaction system. This system used indium carboxylates as the precursors or without alcohol activating reagents hydrocarbon solvent under elevated temperatures. Limited ligand protection (LLP) led to three-dimensional (3D) oriented attachment of nanodots, resulting 3D nanoflowers. When had sufficient for nanocrystals, nanodots found be stable products. The diameters...

We report here a relatively low temperature (100−180 °C) synthetic route to high-quality and single-crystalline CdSe nanowires using air-stable generic chemicals. The diameter of was controlled varied in an exceptionally small size regime, between 1.5 6 nm. This achieved by alkylamines, single type or mixture two different types amines, with chain lengths varying the reaction temperature. experimental results suggest coexistence fragments prewire aggregates, known as "pearl-necklace"...

The objective of this work was to investigate the reaction stoichiometry, kinetics, and mechanism for Cr(VI) reduction by hydrogen sulfide in aqueous phase. Batch experiments with excess [Cr(VI)] over [H2S]T indicated that molar amount required 1 M 1.5, suggesting following stoichi ometry: 2CrO42- + 3H2S 4H+ → 2Cr(OH)3(s) 3S(s) 2H2O. Further study transmission electron microscopy (TEM) energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed chromium hydroxide elemental sulfur were stable...

The development of the next generation nanotechnologies requires precise control size, shape, and structure individual components in a variety chemical engineering environments. This includes synthesis, storage, operational environments and, since these products will ultimately be discarded, their interaction with natural ecosystems. Much important information that determines properties is contained within nanoscale phase diagrams, but quantitative maps include surface effects critical...

Abstract Background In order to study the mechanism of U(VI) reduction, effect deleting c -type cytochrome genes on capacity Geobacter sulfurreducens reduce with acetate serving as electron donor was investigated. Results The ability several deficient mutants lower than that wild type strain. Elimination two confirmed outer membrane cytochromes and putative significantly decreased (ca. 50–60%) G. U(VI). Involvement in reduction did not appear be a general property cytochromes, elimination...

ABSTRACT Some nitrate- and Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms are capable of oxidizing Fe(II) with nitrate as the electron acceptor. This enzymatic pathway may facilitate development anaerobic microbial communities that take advantage energy available during Fe-N redox oscillations. We examined this phenomenon in synthetic Fe(III) oxide (nanocrystalline goethite) suspensions inoculated microflora from freshwater river floodplain sediments. Nitrate acetate were added at alternate intervals order...

A varied bouquet: Crystalline nanoflowers (see picture) of compounds with different chemical and physical properties, for example, In2O3, ZnO, CoO, MnO, ZnSe, are grown by a new approach, limited ligand protection (LLP). LLP destabilizes the primary nanoparticles promotes their three-dimensionally oriented attachment into complex nanostructures. Supporting information this article is available on WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z601553_s.pdf or from author. Please...

The origin of dolomite is a long-standing enigma in sedimentary geology. It has been proposed that microorganisms, especially anaerobic can overcome kinetic barriers to facilitate precipitation, although their specific role formation still unclear. Our experimental results demonstrate disordered be synthesized at room temperature abiotically from solutions containing polysaccharides such as carboxymethyl cellulose or agar. We propose when dissolved solution, strongly adsorbed on Ca-Mg...

Significance Magnesium-bearing carbonate minerals play critical roles in the health and function of Earth system because they constitute a significant fraction lithosphere carbon reservoir build skeletal structures for majority marine invertebrate organisms. Despite wide occurrence, high-Mg sole-Mg phases such as dolomite ([Ca,Mg]CO 3 ) magnesite (MgCO prove virtually impossible to be crystallized under ambient conditions. It has long been believed that Mg 2+ hydration is cause geological...

Abstract Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are considered to be one of the most promising candidate systems for next‐generation electrochemical energy storage. The major challenge this system is polysulfide shuttle, which results in poor cycling efficiency. In work, a highly N‐doped carbon/graphene (NC/G) sheet designed as sulfur host, combines merits abundant N active sites and high electrical conductivity achieve situ anchoring–conversion lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). Such host not only has...

Quantitative understanding of reactivity and stability for a chemical species is fundamental to chemistry. The concept has undergone many changes additions throughout the history chemistry, stemming from ideas such as Lewis acids bases. For given complexing ligand (Lewis base) group isovalent metal cations acids), constants metal–ligand (ML) complexes can simply correlate known properties ions [ionic radii (rMn+), Gibbs free energy formation (ΔG°f,Mn+), solvation (ΔG°s,Mn+)] by 2.303RT log...

X-ray diffraction has been widely used in analyzing Ca-Mg carbonates. Compositions of biogenic and inorganic (Ca,Mg)CO3 crystals are often calculated by comparing their d104 values with published empirical curves. However, previous studies suggested that these curves do not apply to very high-Mg calcite disordered dolomite. Based on synthesized dolomite, a new curve between magnesian MgCO3 content the calcite-disordered dolomite solid-solution series is constructed. This consistent...

ABSTRACT Microorganisms are known to participate in the weathering of primary phyllosilicate minerals through production organic ligands and acids uptake products weathering. Here we show that lithotrophic Fe(II)-oxidizing, nitrate-reducing enrichment culture described by Straub et al. (K. L. Straub, M. Benz, B. Schink, F. Widdel, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:1458–1460, 1996) can grow via oxidation structural Fe(II) biotite, a Fe(II)-rich trioctahedral mica found granitic rocks. Oxidation...

Abstract Heterogeneous structures and doping strategies have been intensively used to manipulate the catalytic conversion of polysulfides enhance reaction kinetics suppress shuttle effect in lithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) batteries. However, understanding how select suitable for engineering electronic structure polar catalysts is lacking. Here, a comparative investigation between heterogeneous conducted assess their impact on modulation effectiveness catalyzing polysulfides. These findings reveal...