Cooperative motion in biological microswimmers is crucial for their survival as it facilitates adhesion to surfaces, formation of hierarchical colonies, efficient motion, and enhanced access nutrients. Synthetic currently lack truly cooperative behavior that originates from activity-induced interactions. Here, we demonstrate catalytic show a variety behaviors along one-dimensional paths. We speed increases with the number swimmers, while activity induces preferred distance between swimmers....

The use of colloidal supported lipid bilayers (CSLBs) has recently been extended to create joints, that - in analogy their macroscopic counterparts can flexibly connect particles. These novel elements enable the assembly structures with internal degrees flexibility, but rely on previously unappreciated properties: simultaneous fluidity bilayer, lateral mobility inserted (linker) molecules and stability. Here we characterize every step manufacturing CSLBs view these requirements using...

Abstract Previous studies on the phase behaviour of multicomponent lipid bilayers found an intricate interplay between membrane geometry and its composition, but a fundamental understanding curvature-induced effects remains elusive. Thanks to combination experiments vesicles supported by colloidal scaffolds theoretical work, we demonstrate that local global chemical composition bilayer determine both spatial arrangement amount mixing lipids. In mixed phase, strong geometrical anisotropy can...

The membrane curvature of cells and intracellular compartments continuously adapts to enable perform vital functions, from cell division signal trafficking. Understanding how geometry affects these processes

Motivated by recent experimental work on multicomponent lipid membranes supported colloidal scaffolds, we report an exhaustive theoretical investigation of the equilibrium configurations binary mixtures curved substrates. Starting from J\"ulicher-Lipowsky generalization Canham-Helfrich free energy to membranes, derive a number exact relations governing structure interface separating two phases arbitrarily shaped substrates and its stability. We then restrict our analysis four classes...

Abstract Early development across vertebrates and insects critically relies on robustly reorganizing the cytoplasm of fertilized eggs into individualized cells. This intricate process is orchestrated by large microtubule structures that traverse embryo, partitioning physically distinct stable compartments. Despite robustness embryonic development, here we uncover an intrinsic instability in cytoplasmic driven cytoskeleton. We reveal embryos circumvent this through two mechanisms: either...

The phase behavior of a two-dimensional fluid mixture on closed surface is influenced by the curvature surface. In this work, authors show that such systems, for example multicomponent lipid vesicles, can exhibit unexpected properties.

Unravelling the physical mechanisms behind organisation of lipid domains is a central goal in cell biology and membrane biophysics. Previous studies on cells model bilayers featuring phase-separated found an intricate interplay between geometry its chemical composition. However, lack system with simultaneous control over shape conservation composition precluded fundamental understanding curvature-induced effects. Here, we present new class multicomponent vesicles supported by colloidal...

Summary Anaphase is tightly controlled in space and time to ensure proper separation of chromosomes. The mitotic spindle, the self-organized microtubule structure driving chromosome segregation, scales size with available cytoplasm. Yet, relationship between spindle movement remains poorly understood. Here, we address how chromosomes changes during cleavage divisions Drosophila blastoderm. We show that speed gradually decreases 4 nuclear This reduction accompanied by a similar length thus...

Experiments on supported lipid bilayers featuring liquid ordered/disordered domains have shown that the spatial arrangement of and their chemical composition are strongly affected by curvature substrate. Furthermore, theoretical predictions suggest both these effects intimately related with closed topology bilayer. In this work, we test hypothesis fabricating membranes consisting colloidal particles various shapes lying a flat A single bilayer coats colloids substrate, allowing local...

The membrane curvature of cells and intracellular compartments continuously adapts to enable perform vital functions, from cell division signal trafficking. Understanding how geometry affects these processes in vivo is challenging because the complexity as well short time small length scales involved. By contrast, vitro model membranes with engineered provide a versatile platform for this investigation applications biosensing biocomputing. However, general route fabrication lipid prescribed...