A5067498244- Iron oxide chemistry and applications
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Radioactive element chemistry and processing
- Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Clay minerals and soil interactions
- Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition
- Glass properties and applications
- Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
- Surface and Thin Film Phenomena
- Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Mine drainage and remediation techniques
- Chemical Synthesis and Characterization
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
- Nuclear Materials and Properties
- Granular flow and fluidized beds
- Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
- Extraction and Separation Processes
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
University of Chicago
2016-2025
Argonne National Laboratory
2001-2025
Lutron Electronics (United States)
2018
Université Paris-Sud
2009-2016
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2009-2016
Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale
2004-2016
Advanced Photon Source
2013
Science and Technology Corporation (United States)
2012
Université Paris-Saclay
2010
Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute
2009
Compressed under ambient temperature, graphite undergoes a transition at approximately 17 gigapascals. The near K-edge spectroscopy of carbon using synchrotron x-ray inelastic scattering reveals that half the pi-bonds between layers convert to sigma-bonds, whereas other remain as in high-pressure form. diffraction pattern form is consistent with distorted structure which bridging atoms pair and nonbridging unpaired pi-bonds. superhard, capable indenting cubic-diamond single crystals.
The physical and chemical properties of the hydrated alpha-Al(2)O(3) (0001) surface are important for understanding reactivity natural synthetic aluminum-containing oxides. structure this was determined in presence water vapor at 300 kelvin by crystal truncation rod diffraction a third-generation synchrotron x-ray source. fully is oxygen terminated, with 53% contracted double Al layer directly below. an intermediate between gamma-Al(OH)(3), hydroxylated form alumina. A semiordered about 2.3...
Direct air capture (DAC) may be feasible to remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere at gigaton scale, holding promise become a major contributor climate change mitigation. Mineral looping using magnesium oxide (MgO) is potentially an economical, efficient, and sustainable pathway gigaton-scale DAC. The hydroxylation carbonation of MgO determine efficiency process, but their rates mechanisms remain uncertain. In this work, single crystals were reacted in or CO2 varying humidities...
We report phonon densities of states (DOS) iron measured by nuclear resonant inelastic x-ray scattering to 153 gigapascals and calculated from ab initio theory. Qualitatively, they are in agreement, but the theory predicts density at higher energies. From DOS, we derive elastic thermodynamic parameters iron, including shear modulus, compressional velocities, heat capacity, entropy, kinetic energy, zero-point Debye temperature. In comparison velocities preliminary reference Earth model (PREM)...
<i>Context. <i/>The High Frequency Instrument (HFI) is one of the two focal instruments <i>Planck<i/> mission. It will observe whole sky in six bands 100 GHz–1 THz range.<i>Aims. HFI instrument designed to measure cosmic microwave background (CMB) with a sensitivity limited only by fundamental sources: photon noise CMB itself and residuals left after removal foregrounds. The high frequency provide full maps submillimetre sky, featuring mainly extended point source Systematic effects must be...
The Planck High Frequency Instrument (HFI) is designed to measure the temperature and polarization anisotropies of Cosmic Microwave Background galactic foregrounds in six wide bands centered at 100, 143, 217, 353, 545 857 GHz an angular resolution 10' (100 GHz), 7' (143 5' (217 higher). HFI has been operating flawlessly since launch on 14 May 2009. bolometers cooled 100 mK as planned. settings readout electronics, such bolometer bias current, that optimize HFI's noise performance orbit are...
Fluorination of ether solvents suppresses solvent co-intercalation into graphite. The fluoroether electrolytes enable a wider working temperature window Li-ion batteries and support silicon–graphite composite anodes.
Silicate melts at the top of transition zone and core-mantle boundary have significant influences on dynamics properties Earth's interior. MgSiO3-rich silicate were among primary components magma ocean thus played essential roles in chemical differentiation early Earth. Diverse macroscopic interior, such as density, viscosity, crystal-melt partitioning, depend their electronic short-range local structures high pressures temperatures. Despite many geophysical geodynamic problems, little is...
In this report we describe detailed procedures for carrying out single crystal X-ray diffraction experiments with a diamond anvil cell (DAC) at the GSECARS 13-BM-C beamline Advanced Photon Source. The DAC program is part of Partnership Extreme Xtallography (PX^2) project. BX-90 type DACs conical-type anvils and backing plates are recommended these experiments. sample chamber should be loaded noble gas to maintain hydrostatic pressure environment. aligned rotation center goniometer. MARCCD...
The interaction of water with metal oxide surfaces plays a crucial role in the catalytic and geochemical behavior oxides. In vast majority studies, interfacial structure is assumed to arise from relatively static lowest energy configuration atoms, even at room temperature. Using hematite (α-Fe2O3) as model oxide, we show through direct comparison situ synchrotron X-ray scattering density functional theory-based molecular dynamics simulations that (11̅02) termination dynamically stabilized by...
Abstract Nanoscale morphology has a direct impact on the performance of materials for electrochemical energy storage. Despite this importance, little is known about evolution primary particle nor its effect chemical pathways during synthesis. In study, operando characterization combined with atomic‐scale and continuum simulations to clarify relationship between cathode particles their lithiation calcination LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co O 2 (NMC‐811). This approach reveals key role surface oxygen...
Abstract One-dimensional (1D) olivine iron phosphate (FePO 4 ) is widely proposed for electrochemical lithium (Li) extraction from dilute water sources, however, significant variations in Li selectivity were observed particles with different physical attributes. Understanding how particle features influence and sodium (Na) co-intercalation crucial system design enhancing selectivity. Here, we investigate a series of FePO various revealed the importance harnessing kinetic chemo-mechanical...
Subsurface transport of groundwater contaminants is greatly influenced by chemical speciation, precipitation, and sorption processes. The Pu potentially released from spent nuclear fuel disposal storage sites will be dependent on its interaction with mineral surfaces speciation in the subsurface. dissolved Pu(V) a natural zeolitic tuff that was equilibrated synthetic examined using synchrotron-based microanalytical techniques. contained trace quantities smectites iron manganese oxides, which...
We present the optical designs, modeling, bender design and test results of x-ray micro- focusing optics used to micro-focus monochromatic undulator x-rays at Advanced Photon Source (APS). The system uses two 100mm long, actively bent mirrors in a Kirkpatrick Baez arrangement. A detailed analytical model system's performance is described along with ray tracing result. description integration benders into compete provided. easy setup use presently earth science research coupled techniques...