A5070979689- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Food Safety and Hygiene
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Child and Adolescent Health
Tampere University
2016-2025
Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare
2016-2025
RMIT University
2012
National Institutes of Health
2012
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1998-2012
National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases
2006-2012
Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland
2002-2008
Public Health Institute
2008
Helsinki University Hospital
2002
California Health and Human Services Agency
2000
Approximately half of otherwise healthy adults with invasive pneumococcal disease are cigarette smokers. We conducted a population-based case–control study to assess the importance smoking and other factors as risk for infections.
<h3>Background</h3> Although recent reports suggest that the incidence of parapneumonic empyema has increased in several regions USA, national trends disease burden are unknown. National hospitalisations and changes by associated pathogens were examined. <h3>Methods</h3> hospitalisation data (1996–2008) analysed rates estimated using census estimates as denominators. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) compared 2008 with 1996 rates. Discharge diagnosis codes used to characterise hospitalisations....
OBJECTIVE. The goal was to estimate the population effect of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on rates acute otitis media-related ambulatory visits and antibiotic prescriptions for &lt;2-year-old children enrolled in private insurance plans. METHODS. We performed a retrospective analysis defined by using 1997–2004 MarketScan databases, which included an average &gt;500000 person-years observations &lt;2 years age. Trends International Classification Diseases, Ninth...
Outbreaks of pneumococcal disease are uncommon and have occurred mainly in institutional settings. Epidemic, invasive, drug-resistant has not been seen among adults the United States. In February 1996, there was an outbreak multidrug-resistant pneumonia residents a nursing home rural Oklahoma.We obtained nasopharyngeal swabs for culture from employees. Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were serotyped compared by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. A retrospective cohort study conducted to...
BACKGROUND. Since introduction of the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in United States 2000, rates invasive disease have declined. However, national impact on pneumonia and otitis media remains unknown. OBJECTIVES. We compared outpatient visits for children before after introduction. METHODS. Rates ambulatory nonspecific pneumonia, media, other acute respiratory infections were (1994–1999) (2002–2003) using National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey Hospital Survey. To evaluate...
The incidence of childhood pneumonia decreased following introduction 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in the United States. Recent regional reports suggest an increase complicated by empyema. We assessed whether early decreases hospitalization rates were sustained and trends such hospitalizations empyema States children aged <5 years.Nationwide Inpatient Sample Census data used to calculate annual all-cause for pre-PCV7 (1996-1999) post-PCV7 years (2001-2007) analyze national...
Background: Patients with AIDS have a high incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease, but no population-based data are available on secular trends or rates this disease in specific demographic groups. Objective: To compare clinical characteristics, rates, and HIV-infected non-HIV-infected persons. Design: Population-based laboratory surveillance chart review. Setting: All the 13 microbiology laboratories San Francisco County, California. Patients: Persons who had sterile site culture that...
OBJECTIVE. Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important cause of otitis media in children. In this study we estimated the effect routine childhood immunization with heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on frequent (3 episodes 6 months or 4 1 year) and pressure-equalizing tube insertions. PATIENTS AND METHODS. The population included all children who were enrolled at birth TennCare selected upstate New York commercial insurance plans as July 1998 continuously followed until 5 years old,...
Background. Although hospitalizations due to invasive pneumococcal disease decreased after routine vaccination of young children with a 7-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV7) began in 2000, information on the trends meningitis is limited. Methods. We estimated national rates hospitalization for meningitis, using data from Nationwide Inpatient Sample, 1994–2004. Pneumococcal cases and deaths were identified basis International Classification Diseases, Ninth Edition, Clinical Modification coded...
Background Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have the potential to prevent pneumococcal disease through direct and indirect protection. This multicentre European study estimated effects of 5-year childhood PCV10 and/or PCV13 programmes on invasive (IPD) in older adults across 13 sites 10 countries, support decision-making vaccination policies. Methods For each site we calculated IPD incidence rate ratios (IRR) people aged ≥65 years by serotype for PCV10/13 year (2011–2015) compared with...
Background The ten-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) was introduced into the Finnish National Vaccination Program (NVP) in September 2010 with a 2+1 schedule (3, 5, 12 months) without catch-up vaccinations. We evaluated direct and indirect effects of PCV10 on invasive disease (IPD) among children ≤5 years age during first three after NVP introduction. Methods conducted population-based, observational follow-up study. cohort vaccine-eligible (all born June 1, or later) followed...
<h3>Context</h3>The cost-effectiveness of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) compared with 23-valent polysaccharide (PPSV23) among US adults is unclear.<h3>Objective</h3>To estimate the PCV13 vaccination strategies in adults.<h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3>A Markov state-transition model, lifetime time horizon, societal perspective. Simulations were performed hypothetical cohorts 50-year-olds. Vaccination effectiveness estimates developed by a Delphi expert panel;...
We evaluated invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) during 8 years of infant conjugate vaccine (PCV) programs using 10-valent (PCV10) and 13-valent (PCV13) vaccines in 10 countries Europe. IPD incidence declined 2011-2014 but increased 2015-2018 all age groups. From the 7-valent PCV period to 2018, by 42% children <5 age, 32% persons 5-64 7% >65 age; non-PCV13 serotype 111%, 63%, 84%, respectively, for these Trends were similar PCV13 or PCV10, despite different distribution. In serotypes...
The vehicles and sources of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection are unknown. In Finland, clinical microbiology laboratories routinely report Y. isolations submit isolates for serotype analysis. October 1998, the number O:3 infections increased markedly.
Objective. The possibility of adverse neurologic events has fueled much concern about the safety measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccinations. available evidence concerning several postulated complications is controversial. aim this study was to assess whether an association prevails between MMR vaccination and encephalitis, aseptic meningitis, autism. Methods. A retrospective based on linkage individual data with a hospital discharge register conducted among 535 544 1- 7-year-old children who...
A widespread outbreak of tularemia in Sweden 2000 was investigated a case-control study which 270 reported cases were compared with 438 controls. The affected parts where had hitherto been rare, and these "emergent" areas the disease-endemic areas. Multivariate regression analysis showed mosquito bites to be main risk factor, an odds ratio (OR) 8.8. Other factors owning cat (OR 2.5) farm work 3.2). Farming factor only area. Swollen lymph nodes wound infections more common emergent area,...
Outbreaks of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection have been epidemiologically linked to fresh produce, but the bacterium has not recovered from food items implicated. In May 2003, a cluster gastrointestinal illness and erythema nodosum was detected among schoolchildren who had eaten lunches prepared by same institutional kitchen.We conducted case-control study trace-back, environmental, laboratory investigations. Case patients culture-confirmed Y. O:1 infection, nodosum, or reactive...
Information about the risk of invasive pneumococcal infection (IPI) among adults with asthma is limited and inconsistent. To evaluate this association, a population-based case-control study was conducted.Cases IPI (Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from blood or cerebrospinal fluid) were identified through national, laboratory surveillance during 1995-2002. maximise exclusion chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, analysis to patients aged 18-49 years 10 selected age-, sex- health...