A5084785829- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Global trade, sustainability, and social impact
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Brucella: diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Diphtheria, Corynebacterium, and Tetanus
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
Roanoke College
2022
University of California, Davis
2008-2020
Massey University
2012-2019
United States Department of Homeland Security
2011
Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases
2007
California Department of Food and Agriculture
1992-2006
University of California, Irvine
2006
University of California System
1991-1999
Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital
1998
Parsons (United States)
1996
Detailed postmortem examination of southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis) found along the California (USA) coast has provided an exceptional opportunity to understand factors influencing survival in this threatened marine mammal species. In order evaluate recent trends causes mortality, demographic and geographic distribution death freshly deceased beachcast necropsied from 1998–2001 were evaluated. Protozoal encephalitis, acanthocephalan-related disease, shark attack, cardiac disease...
The effect of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection or vaccination Conn. F-strain MG on 45 weeks egg production was analyzed using records from 132 flocks commercial layer hens. were located in Pennsylvania, and the data collected for two years. On average, layers maintained free with laid 15.7 more eggs/hen housed than MG-infected layers; figures adjusted layer-strain effect. This advantage decreased to 8.7 when uninfected compared vaccinated flocks. Adjusted average 7.0 eggs/hens Egg...
The epidemic and economic impacts of Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) spread control were examined by using simulation (epinomic) optimization models. simulated index herd was a ≥2,000 cow dairy located in California. Simulated limited to California; however, impact assessed throughout the United States included international trade effects. Five case detection delays examined, which ranged from 7 22 days. median number infected premises (IP) approximately 15 745, increasing as delay...
When avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are transmitted from their reservoir hosts (wild waterfowl and shorebirds) to domestic bird species, they undergo genetic changes that have been linked higher virulence broader host range. Common AIV modifications in viral proteins of poultry isolates deletions the stalk region neuraminidase (NA) additions glycosylation sites on hemagglutinin (HA). Even though these NA deletion mutations occur several subtypes, not analyzed comprehensively. In this study,...
Abstract Objective —To develop a spatial epidemic model to simulate intraherd and interherd transmission of footand- mouth disease (FMD) virus. Sample Population —2,238 herds, representing beef, dairy, swine, goats, sheep, 5 sale yards located in Fresno, Kings, Tulare counties California. Procedure —Using Monte-Carlo simulations, stochastic simulation was developed identify new herds that would acquire FMD following random selection an index herd assess progression after implementation...
Live bird markets (LBM) are essential for marketing poultry in many developing countries, and they a preferred place people to purchase consumption throughout the world. typically urban have permanent structure which birds can be housed until sold. bring together mixture of species that meet preferences their customers commonly produced by multiple suppliers. The species, lack all-in–all-out management, suppliers all features make LBM potential sources avian influenza viruses (AIV),...
Formal decision-analytic methods can be used to frame disease control problems, the first step of which is define a clear and specific objective. We demonstrate imperative framing clearly-defined management objectives in finding optimal actions for outbreaks. illustrate an analysis that applied rapidly at start outbreak when there are multiple stakeholders involved with potentially objectives, also models upon compare actions. The output our frames subsequent discourse between policy-makers,...
Abstract Objective —To estimate direct and indirect contact rates on livestock facilities distance traveled between herd contacts. Sample Population —320 beef, dairy, goat, sheep, swine herds, 7 artificial insemination technicians, 6 hoof trimmers, 15 veterinarians, 4 sales yard owners, managers of livestock-related companies within a 3-county region California. Procedure —A questionnaire was mailed to producers, personal telephone interviews were conducted with individuals. Results —Mean...
Twenty-five isolates of the bacterium Pasteurella multocida were characterized (fingerprinted) phenotypically and genotypically in order to compare abilities various techniques differentiate strains for epidemiologic studies fowl cholera. Isolates obtained over a 16-month period from turkeys dying cholera (six outbreak flocks) wildlife captured on premises with history disease. The characteristics compared included (i) serotype, (ii) subspecies, (iii) antibiogram, (iv) presence plasmid DNA,...
Prenatal environmental exposures are among the risk factors being explored for associations with autism. We applied a new procedure combining multiple scan cluster detection tests to identify geographically defined areas of increased autism incidence. This can serve as first hypothesis-generating step aimed at localized exposures, but would not be useful assessing widely distributed such household products, nor from nonpoint sources, traffic. Geocoded mothers' residences on 2,453,717...
Background Environmental transmission of the zoonotic parasite Toxoplasma gondii, which is shed only by felids, poses risks to human and animal health in temperate tropical ecosystems. Atypical T. gondii genotypes have been linked severe disease people threatened population California sea otters. To investigate land-to-sea transmission, we screened 373 carnivores (feral domestic cats, mountain lions, bobcats, foxes, coyotes) for infection examined distribution 85 infected animals sampled...
Infection with Brucella spp. continues to pose a human health risk in California despite great strides eradicating the disease from domestic animals. Clustering of cases time and space has important public implications for understanding factors sources infection. Temporal-spatial clustering brucellosis 20-year period 1973-1992 was evaluated by Ederer-Myers-Mantel, Moran's I, population-adjusted I procedures. Cases were clustered concentrated agricultural regions first 5-year interval...
Central to the development of rational trade policies pertaining bluetongue virus (BTV) infection is determination risk posed by ruminants previously exposed virus. Precise maximal duration infectious viremia essential an appropriate quarantine period prior movement animals from BTV-endemic BTV-free regions. The objective this study was predict detectable in BTV-infected cattle using a probabilistic modeling analysis existing data. Data on were obtained published studies. sets created large...
In Los Angeles, California, USA, 2 epidemics of West Nile virus (WNV) disease have occurred since WNV was recognized in 2003. To assess which measure risk most predictive human cases, we compared 3 measures: the California Mosquito-Borne Virus Surveillance and Response Plan Assessment, vector index, Dynamic Continuous-Area Space-Time system. A case-crossover study performed by using symptom onset dates from 384 persons with infection to determine their relative environmental exposure...
Abstract Objective —To assess estimated effectiveness of control and eradication procedures for foot-andmouth disease (FMD) in a region California. Sample Population —2,238 herds 5 sale yards Fresno, Kings, Tulare counties Procedure —A spatial stochastic model was used to simulate hypothetical epidemics FMD specified scenarios that included baseline strategy mandated by USDA supplemental strategies slaughter or vaccination all animals within distance infected herds, only high-risk identified...