A5063899777- Phosphodiesterase function and regulation
- Plant pathogens and resistance mechanisms
- Plant Gene Expression Analysis
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes
- Biochemical and biochemical processes
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Soybean genetics and cultivation
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
- Renal and Vascular Pathologies
- Enzyme Structure and Function
U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center
2016-2025
Agricultural Research Service
2012-2025
United States Department of Agriculture
2009-2025
University of Glasgow
1995-2024
Queen Elizabeth University Hospital
2024
University of California, San Francisco
2018
AstraZeneca (United Kingdom)
2005-2017
Loughborough University
1997-2017
AstraZeneca (Brazil)
2007
University of Wisconsin–Madison
1990-2006
ABSTRACT Brome mosaic virus (BMV), a positive-strand RNA in the alphavirus-like superfamily, encodes two replication proteins. The 1a protein has putative helicase and RNA-capping domains, whereas 2a contains polymerase-like domain. Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing is capable of replicating BMV RNA3 template produced by vivo transcription DNA copy RNA3. Although insufficient for replication, expression alone results dramatic specific stabilization yeast. As one step toward understanding...
Many forages experience significant proteolytic losses when preserved by ensiling. Such in alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) are especially high, with degradation of 44 to 87% the forage protein nonprotein N (NPN). In contrast, red clover Trifolium pratense has up 90% less proteolysis during Here we demonstrate that combination polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and o ‐diphenol PPO substrates, both abundantly present clover, is responsible for postharvest inhibition this crop. Proteolysis leaf extracts...
Abstract Red clover (Trifolium pratense) leaves contain high levels of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and o-diphenol substrates. Wounding during harvest ensiling results in browning leaf tissues from PPO on the o-diphenols. In association with browning, proteins remain undegraded ensiling, presumably due to PPO-generated o-quinone inhibition proteases. We cloned three red cDNAs, PPO1, PPO2, PPO3, a cDNA library. Sequence comparisons among clones indicated they are 87% 90% identical at...
Transfection of COS7 cells with a plasmid encoding the human cyclic AMP-specific PDE4A phosphodiesterase PDE-46 (HSPDE4A4B) led to expression rolipram-inhibited PDE4 activity, which contributed ∼96% total COS cell PDE activity. A fusion protein was generated encompassed residues (788-886) at extreme C terminus and used generate an antiserum that detected in transfected cells. Immunoblotting studies identified as ∼125-kDa species associated both soluble particulate fractions. The relative...
The x-ray crystal structure of a recombinant ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2) encoded by the UBCl gene plant Arabidopsis thaliana has been determined with use multiple isomorphous replacement techniques and refined at 2.4-A resolution simulated annealing restrained least-squares.This E2 is an ct/D protein, four cy-helices fourstranded antiparallel &sheet.The NH2 COOH termini, which may be important for interaction other enzymes substrates in ubiquitin-conjugation pathway, are on opposite...
Ubiquitin carrier proteins ( E 2 4 are involved in the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to a variety cellular target eukaryotes.Here, we report cloning genes from wheat and Arabidopsis thaliana that encode 16-kDa E2s domain analysis by vitro mutagenesis.The for EZI6kDa, which have designated At U B C l , only 33% identical (58% similar) with 23-kDa E2 (encoded gene now UBC4), but 63% (82% encoded Saccharomyces cereuisiae DNA repair gene, RAD6.Unlike RAD6 UBC4, UBCl products lack acidic...
A baculovirus expression vector (AcLeon) derived from Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) was prepared containing the complete 6.6 kb coding region of P3/Leon/37 strain poliovirus type 3 placed under control AcNPV polyhedrin promoter. The recombinant used to infect Spodoptera frugiperda insect cells. As demonstrated by use appropriate antibodies, infected cells made proteins that included structural VP0, VP1 and VP3. Poliovirus particles were recovered extracts be free...
Abstract Small molecules are attractive therapeutics to amplify and direct differentiation of stem cells. They also can be used understand the regulation their fate by interfering with specific signaling pathways. Mesenchymal cells (MSCs) have potential proliferate differentiate into several cell types, including osteoblasts. Activation canonical Wnt inhibition glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) has been shown enhance bone mass, possibly involving a number mechanisms ranging from...
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudies of the Composition and Structure Serum Lipoproteins. Isolation Characterization Very High Density Lipoproteins Human Serum*Petar Alaupovic, Shafeek S. Sanbar, Robert H. Furman, Michael L. Sullivan, Sandra WalravenCite this: Biochemistry 1966, 5, 12, 4044–4053Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1966https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00876a039RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle...
Red clover (Trifolium pratense) leaves accumulate several μmol g−1 fresh weight of phaselic acid [2-O-(caffeoyl)-l-malate]. Postharvest oxidation such o-diphenols to o-quinones by endogenous polyphenol oxidases prevents breakdown forage protein during storage. Forage crops like alfalfa (Medicago sativa) lack both oxidase and o-diphenols, their upon harvest storage results in economic losses release excess nitrogen into the environment. Understanding how red synthesizes as will help...
The precipitation of bovine serum albumin (BSA), lysozyme (LYS), and alfalfa leaf protein (ALF) by two large- medium-sized condensed tannin (CT) fractions similar flavan-3-ol subunit composition is described. CT isolated from white clover flowers big trefoil leaves exhibited high-purity profiles 1D/2D NMR purities >90% (determined thiolysis). At pH 6.5, large CTs with a mean degree polymerization (mDP) ∼18 behaviors were significantly more effective than medium (mDP ∼9). Medium capacities to...
Previous studies showed that a series of purified condensed tannins (CTs) from warm-season perennial legumes exhibited high variability in their modulation methane production during vitro rumen digestion. The molecular weight differences between these CTs did not provide correlation with either the CH₄ or ability to precipitate bovine serum albumin. In an effort delineate other structure-activity relationships abatement experiments, structures were assessed combination methanolysis,...
Reducing dietary CP is a well-established means to improve N use efficiency. Yet, few studies have considered if transient restrictions in could reduce the environmental footprint of late-lactation cows. We hypothesized that effects feeding pattern on digestibility and outputs would be amplified at lower CP. tested levels below near predicted requirements (low protein [LP], 13.8%; high [HP], 15.5%) offered 2 patterns: where diets alternated ±1.8 percentage units every d (oscillating [OF]) or...
We have recently reported increased survival of dopaminergic substantia nigra neurons by inhibition phosphodiesterase type IV enzymes. As a first step to unravel the involvement PDE subtypes in this process, we isolated cDNAs from human nigra. One partial cDNA clone was most homologous partially cloned rat and IV-C isogene. Distribution analysis revealed that enzyme is expressed various tissues but not cells immune system. Isolation full-length isogene expression PDE-deficient yeast strain...
We describe the cloning and expression of HSPDE4A10, a novel long form splice variant human cAMP phosphodiesterase <i>PDE4A</i>gene. The 825 amino acid HSPDE4A10 contains unique N terminus 46 acids encoded by 5′ exon. Exon-1<sup>4A10</sup> lies ∼11 kilobase pairs (kb) downstream exon-1<sup>4A4</sup> ∼13.5 kb upstream PDE4A common exon 2. identify rat PDE4A10 ortholog reveal murine nucleotide sequence database searching. transcripts were detected in various cell lines tissues. flanking...
A poliovirus replicon, FLC/REP, which incorporates the reporter gene chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) in place of region encoding capsid proteins VP4, VP2, and part VP3 genome type 3, has been constructed. Transfection cells indicates that FLC/REP replicon replicates efficiently active CAT enzyme is produced as a CAT-VP3 fusion protein. The level activity transfected broadly reflects RNA. series mutations 5' noncoding 3 were introduced into their effects monitored by simple assay....
Cell walls are important for the growth and development of all plants. They also valuable resources feed fiber, more recently as a potential feedstock bioenergy production. wall proteins comprise only fraction cell wall, but play roles in establishing chemical interactions (e.g. crosslinking) components. This crosslinking provides structure, restricts digestibility complex carbohydrates, limiting available energy animal production systems. Manipulation could be strategy to improve...
ABSTRACT Rationale Quantification of free amino acid concentrations in plasma has become an important tool monitoring the health dairy cows and their offspring under various management regimes, especially diet. Consequently, it was desirable to develop a robust, accurate, medium‐throughput method quantitate bovine plasma. Methods Bovine deproteinated with methanol acids partially purified using cation exchange resin. Samples were then subjected precolumn derivatization phenyl isothiocyanate,...