To date, 19 states have passed medical marijuana laws, yet very little is known about their effects. The current study examines the relationship between legalization of and traffic fatalities, leading cause death among Americans ages 5–34. first full year after coming into effect, associated with an 8–11 percent decrease in fatalities. impact on fatalities involving alcohol larger estimated more precision than its that do not involve alcohol. Legalization also sharp decreases price...

Schools across the country are ending practice of grouping students based on ability, in part, because research indicating that tracking hurts low-ability without helping other ability levels. Using a nationally representative survey conducted by National Center for Education Statistics, (NCES) we reexamine impact high school student achievement through estimation standard education production function. This approach allows us to control possibility track is correlated with factors such as...

There is a great deal of anecdotal evidence that college football games can lead to aggressive and destructive behavior by fans. However, date, no empirical study has attempted document the magnitude this phenomenon. We match daily data on offenses from National Incident-Based Reporting System 26 Division I-A programs estimate relationship between crime. Our results suggest host community registers sharp increases in assaults, vandalism, arrests for disorderly conduct, alcohol-related game...

Journal Article Medical Marijuana Laws and Teen Use Get access D. Mark Anderson, Anderson Montana State University Send correspondence to: Benjamin Hansen, of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA. Tel.: 541-357-8395; E-mail: bchansen@uoregon.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Hansen Oregon Daniel I. Rees Colorado Denver American Law Economics Review, Volume 17, Issue 2, Fall 2015, Pages 495–528, https://doi.org/10.1093/aler/ahv002 Published: 24 April 2015

We estimated the association between legalizing medical marijuana and suicides.We obtained state-level suicide data from National Vital Statistics System's Mortality Detail Files for 1990-2007. used regression analysis to examine legalization suicides per 100 000 population.After adjustment economic conditions, state policies, state-specific linear time trends, was not statistically significant at .05 level. However, associated with a 10.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] = -17.1%, -3.7%) 9.4%...

In an effort to address the opioid epidemic, a majority of states recently passed some version Good Samaritan law (GSL) and/or naloxone access (NAL). laws provide immunity from prosecution for drug possession anyone who seeks medical assistance in event overdose; NALs allow laypersons administer naloxone, which temporarily counteracts effects overdose. Using data National Vital Statistics System multiple-cause-of-death mortality files 1999–2014, this study is first examine these on overdose...

sleep assessment ranged from asking many questions to not any.We believe that the higher reporting RA was a result of separate for each practice, and if any unsafe behavior "ever" practiced.In contrast, most pediatricians do ask practiced "ever," but rather about current and/or typical behavior, example, "Where does baby sleep?"The small sample size did allow us examine disclosure rates based on race RA, HE, or pediatrician.Given persistent disparity infant sleep-related deaths among African...

Using data from the state and national Youth Risk Behavior Surveys for period 1991–2005, Carpenter Cook (2008) find a strong, negative relationship between cigarette taxes youth smoking. We revisit this using four extra waves of YRBS (from 2007, 2009, 2011, 2013). Our results suggest that youths have become much less responsive to since 2005. In fact, we little evidence smoking when restrict our attention 2007–13. conclude policy makers interested in reducing may adopt alternative strategies.

Using data on 25 major American cities for the period 1900–1940, we explore effects of municipal-level public health efforts that were viewed as critical in fight against foodborne and waterborne diseases. In addition to studying interventions such treating sewage setting bacteriological standards milk, which have received little attention, provide new evidence water filtration chlorination, extending work previous scholars. Although is associated with an 11–12 percent reduction infant...

Thirty-six states have legalized medical marijuana and 18 the use of for recreational purposes. In this paper, we review literature on public health consequences legalizing marijuana, focusing studies that appeared in economics journals as well leading policy, health, journals. Among outcomes considered are: youth use, alcohol consumption, abuse prescription opioids, traffic fatalities, crime. For some these outcomes, there is a near consensus regarding effects laws (MMLs). As an example,...

ABSTRACT The minimum wage is increasingly viewed as an important, but often neglected, tool for improving public health outcomes. Using data from the period 2003–2019 and a stacked difference‐in‐differences regression model that accounts dynamic heterogeneous treatment effects, we explore relationship between wages teenage childbearing in United States. We find no evidence of systematic, negative among 15‐ through 19‐year‐olds. Likewise, our estimates are not consistent with argument...

This paper explores the effects of peers, friends, family, IQ, and academic performance, observed in last year high school, on earnings at ages 35 53. All significantly affect both ages. The IQ are much smaller than asserted in, for example, Bell Curve, badly overstated absence controls wider context, or performance. Aspirations appear to be very important. Socialization role models may as well, but not ability spillovers. Feasible increases performance education can compensate many...

This article investigates the determinants of criminal activity among juveniles in United States. It uses a survey U.S. high school students conducted 1995, which provides detailed information on offenses; personal, family, and neighborhood characteristics; as well deterrence measures. The selling drugs committing assault, robbery, burglary, theft are analyzed separately for males females. results provide some evidence that respond to incentives sanctions. Employment opportunities policies...

This paper examines the effect of class load and other factors on teacher turnover. Unlike previous studies, characteristics–class size, number classes taught, percentage time spent in areas outside a teacher's certification area–are included along with salary, personal characteristics, district characteristics discrete hazard model to simulate effects changing classroom high school The results indicate that are important correlates job Policy implications for districts, given growing...

It is commonly believed that birth order an important determinant of success. However, previous studies in this area have failed to provide convincing evidence related test scores, education, or earnings. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey Youth–1979, we investigate association between and adolescent behaviors such as smoking, drinking, marijuana use, sexual activity, crime. Our estimates show middle borns last are much more likely use substances be sexually active than their...

ABSTRACT Objectives: National outcomes data regarding surgical gastrostomy tube (G‐tube) and percutaneous endoscopic (PEG) procedures are lacking. Our objectives were to describe trends in G‐tube PEG procedures, examine regional variation, compare outcomes. Methods: This was a retrospective study using pediatric admissions during 1997, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2009 from the Kids' Inpatient Database. Length of stay cost adjusted for demographics, complexity, setting, year, infection or complication....

In an effort to address the opioid epidemic, a majority of states have recently passed some version Naloxone Access Law (NAL) and/or Good Samaritan (GSL).NALs allow lay persons administer naloxone, which temporarily counteracts effects overdose; GSLs provide immunity from prosecution for drug possession anyone who seeks medical assistance in event overdose.This study is first examine effect these laws on opioid-related deaths.Using data National Vital Statistics System multiple...

Exploiting variation across states and municipalities in the timing details of midwifery laws introduced during period 1900–1940 using data assembled from various primary sources, we find that requiring midwives to be licensed reduced maternal mortality by 7%–8% may have led modest reductions infant mortality. These estimates represent strongest evidence date licensing restrictions can improve health consumers are directly relevant ongoing policy debates on merits midwives.

Objectives. This study sought to examine the effects of government policies and neighborhood characteristics on adolescent female sexual behavior better inform future public policy decisions. Methods. Using a bivariate probit model National Survey Family Growth data women aged 15 through 19 years, we estimated probabilities their being sexually active and, if active, using contraceptives. Results. Variables measuring cost obtaining an abortion are not good predictors activity or...