The form of energy termed heat that typically derives from lattice vibrations, i.e. the phonons, is usually considered as waste and, moreover, deleterious to information processing. However, with this colloquium, we attempt rebut common view: By use tailored models demonstrate phonons can be manipulated like electrons and photons can, thus enabling controlled transport. Moreover, explain put beneficial carry process information. In a first part present ways control transport how for physical...

By coupling two nonlinear one dimensional lattices, we demonstrate a thermal diode model that works in wide range of system parameters. We provide numerical and analytical evidence for the underlying mechanism which allows heat flux direction while acts like an insulator when temperature gradient is reversed. The possible experimental realization nanoscale systems briefly discussed.

Logic gates are basic digital elements for computers. We build up thermal logic that can perform similar operations as their electronic counterparts. The based on nonlinear lattices, which exhibit very intriguing phenomena due to temperature dependent power spectra. demonstrate phonons, the heat carriers, also be used carry information and processed accordingly. possibility of nanoscale experiments is discussed.

We report on the first model of a thermal transistor to control heat flow. Like its electronic counterpart, our is three-terminal device with important feature that current through two terminals can be controlled by small changes in temperature or third terminal. This allows us switch between "off" (insulating) and "on" (conducting) states amplify current. The possible because negative differential resistance.

Memory is an indispensible element for a computer in addition to logic gates. In this Letter we report model of thermal memory. We demonstrate via numerical simulation that (phononic) information stored the memory can be retained long time without being lost and more importantly read out destroyed. The possibility experimental realization also discussed.

We study interface thermal resistance (ITR) in a system consisting of two dissimilar anharmonic lattices exemplified by the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam and Frenkel-Kontorova models. It is found that ITR asymmetric; namely, it depends on how temperature gradient applied. The dependence coupling constant, temperature, difference, size studied. Possible applications nanoscale heat management control are discussed.

We study thermal properties of one dimensional(1D) harmonic and anharmonic lattices with mass gradient. It is found that the temperature gradient can be built up in 1D lattice due to existence gradons. The heat flow asymmetric Moreover, a certain region {\it negative differential resistance} observed. Possible applications constructing rectifier transistor by using graded material are discussed.

When it comes to transporting energy, nature has two vital tools at its disposal: conduction by heat and electricity. But these phenomena have never been treated equally scientists. Electricity, via the transistor other electronic devices, enabled technological developments that transformed many aspects of our lives. similar devices allow flow be controlled are still not available, despite decades research.

Thermal transistor is an efficient heat control device which can act as a switch well modulator. In this paper, we study systematically one- and two-dimensional thermal transistors. particular, show how to improve significantly the efficiency of one-dimensional transistor. The also extended design by coupling different anharmonic lattices such Frenkel–Kontorova Fermi–Pasta–Ulam lattices. Analogy between single-walled carbon nanotube drawn possible experimental realization with multi-walled suggested.

Heat conduction in three types of 1D channels is studied. The consist two parallel walls, right triangles as scattering obstacles, and noninteracting particles. are placed along the walls different ways: (i) periodic, (ii) disordered height, (iii) position. Lyapunov exponents all models zero because flatness triangle sides. It found numerically that temperature gradient can be formed channels, but Fourier heat law observed only ones. results show there might no direct connection between...

Heat conduction in three two-dimensional (2D) momentum-conserving nonlinear lattices are numerically calculated via both nonequilibrium heat-bath and equilibrium Green-Kubo algorithms. It is expected by mainstream theories that heat such 2D divergent the thermal conductivity $\ensuremath{\kappa}$ increases with lattice length $N$ logarithmically. Our simulations for purely quartic firmly confirm it. However, very robust finite-size effects observed calculations other two lattices, which well...

We have numerically studied heat conduction in a few one-dimensional momentum-conserving lattices with asymmetric interparticle interactions by the nonequilibrium bath method, equilibrium Green-Kubo and current power spectra analysis. Very strong finite-size effects are clearly observed. Such make obey Fourier-like law wide range of lattice lengths. However, yet longer lengths, conductivity regains its power-law divergence. Therefore, divergence thermodynamic limit is verified, as expected...

We numerically study heat conduction in a few one-dimensional Fermi-Pasta-Ulam (FPU)-type lattices by both nonequilibrium bath and equilibrium Green-Kubo algorithms. In those lattices, conductivity κ is known to diverge with length N as Nα. It commonly expected that the running exponent α should monotonously decreases recent has shown for FPU-β lattice saturates 1/3 N∼104. However, our calculations clearly show changes its behaviour, increasing towards asymptotic value 2/5 yet larger values....

We study anomalous heat conduction and diffusion in low-dimensional systems ranging from nonlinear lattices, single walled carbon nanotubes, to billiard gas channels. find that all discussed systems, the conductivity can be connected with diffusion, namely, if energy is σ2(t)=2Dtα(0<α⩽2), then thermal expressed terms of system size L as κ=cLβ β=2−2∕α. This result predicts a normal (α=1) implies obeying Fourier law (β=0), superdiffusion (α>1) an divergent (β>0), more...

The grain size effect on the thermal transport properties of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) thin films was experimentally investigated using opto-thermal Raman technique. High-quality monolayer h-BN with mean sizes ranging from ~7 µm to ~19 nm were successfully synthesized Pt foil by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). conductivity (κ) single-crystalline measured be ~545 Wm−1 K−1 at 315K, well above bulk value, and more than a factor four higher value poly-crystalline nm. very low boundary...

We study a Brownian motor that consists of two linearly coupled particles moving in symmetric periodic potential and subjected to an unbiased harmonic driving combination with constant external force. Although trajectory the single-particle system must also be valid corresponding coupled-particle system, stability does not necessarily hold. It is revealed that, for proper strength interparticle coupling K, parametric resonance, which may break trajectory, emerges. As consequence, fall into...

Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) are crucial materials in optoelectronics, yet p-type TCOs less studied compared to n-type TCOs. NiO as a typical TCO shows promising potential for transparent optoelectronic devices. In this study, we successfully fabricated Li<i><sub>x</sub></i>Ni<sub>1-<i>x</i></sub>O thin films with varying thicknesses and Li doping levels on MgO(001) substrates using pulsed laser deposition. The results demonstrate that...

Mantle-derived rocks provide a unique perspective for understanding Earth’s interior and tectonic evolution. This study employs laser ablation−inductively coupled plasma−mass spectrometry U-Pb dating of apatite, in situ micro-area Nd isotope analysis, comprehensive assessments major- trace elements the Leidong minette South China to elucidate its petrogenesis geodynamic significance. The SiO2 content ranges from 53.19 wt% 55.08 wt%, classifying it as an intermediate magma. It is...

Exact mean field equations are derived analytically to give the fundamental diagrams, i.e., average speed - car density relations, for Fukui-Ishibashi one-dimensional traffic flow cellular automaton model of high vehicles $(v_{max}=M>1) $ with stochastic delay. Starting basic equation describing time evolution number empty sites in front each car, concepts inter-car spacings longer and shorter than $M$ introduced. The probabilities having long short on road calculated. For densities $(\rho...

Heat conduction in three-dimensional anharmonic lattices was numerically studied by the Green-Kubo theory. For a given lattice width $W$, dimensional crossover is generally observed to occur at $W$-dependent threshold of length. Lattices shorter than $W$ will display 3D behavior while longer 1D behavior. In regime, heat current autocorrelation function found show power-law decay as time lag $\ensuremath{\tau}$ ${\ensuremath{\tau}}^{\ensuremath{\beta}}$ with...