A5064155641- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Light effects on plants
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Plant Gene Expression Analysis
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Plant responses to water stress
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Enzyme Structure and Function
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
- Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
- Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Plant Virus Research Studies
University of California, Riverside
2016-2024
University of California, Davis
2009-2018
Texas A&M University
2016
Plant (United States)
2015
University of California System
2013-2014
University of California, Berkeley
1990-2014
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
2012
Rice University
2011
Carnegie Department of Plant Biology
2008-2009
Stanford University
2009
Abstract Membranes are primary sites of perception environmental stimuli. Polyunsaturated fatty acids major structural constituents membranes that also function as modulators a multitude signal transduction pathways evoked by Different stresses induce production distinct blend oxygenated polyunsaturated acids, “oxylipins.” We employed three Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ecotypes to examine the oxylipin signature in response specific and determined wounding drought differentially alter...
Plants are continuously exposed to a myriad of abiotic and biotic stresses. However, the molecular mechanisms by which these stress signals perceived transduced poorly understood. To begin identify primary signal transduction components, we have focused on genes that respond rapidly (within 5 min) signals. Because it has been hypothesized detection physical is mechanism common mounting response against broad range environmental stresses, utilized mechanical wounding as stimulus performed...
The Mexican shrub Cuphea hookeriana accumulates up to 75% caprylate (8:0) and caprate (10:0) in its seed oil. An acyl‐ACP thioesterase cDNA from C. , designated Ch FatB2 has been identified, which, when expressed Escherichia coli provides activity specific for 8:0‐ 10:0‐ACP substrates. Expression of this clone seeds transgenic canola, an oilseed crop that normally does not accumulate any 8:0 10:0, resulted a dramatic increase the levels these two fatty acids accompanied by preferential...
In the biosynthesis of fatty acids, β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) synthases catalyze chain elongation by addition two-carbon units derived from malonyl-ACP to an acyl group bound either ACP or CoA. The enzyme is a possible drug target for treatment certain cancers and tuberculosis. crystal structure complex Escherichia coli, fungal mycotoxin cerulenin reveals that inhibitor in hydrophobic pocket formed at dimer interface. Cerulenin covalently attached active site cysteine through its...
Abstract Fatty acid structure affects cellular activities through changes in membrane lipid composition and the generation of a diversity bioactive derivatives. Eicosapolyenoic acids are released into plants upon infection by oomycete pathogens, suggesting they may elicit plant defenses. We exploited transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana (designated EP) producing eicosadienoic, eicosatrienoic, arachidonic (AA), aimed at mimicking pathogen release these compounds. also examined their effect on...
Organisms are continuously exposed to a myriad of environmental stresses. Central an organism's survival is the ability mount robust transcriptional response imposed stress. An emerging mechanism control involves dynamic changes in chromatin structure. Alterations structure brought about by number different mechanisms, including modifications, which covalently modify histone proteins; incorporation variants; and remodeling, utilizes ATP hydrolysis alter histone-DNA contacts. While...
Abstract The timely transition of vegetative to reproductive development is coordinated through quantitative regulation floral pathway genes in response physiological and environmental cues. Here, we show that the circadian-controlled expression Arabidopsis thaliana regulators FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) CONSTANS (CO) antiphasic BBX19, a transcription factor with two B-Box motifs. Diminished BBX19 by RNA interference accelerates flowering, constitutive delays flowering under inductive...
Despite the described central role of jasmonate signaling in plant defense against necrotrophic pathogens, existence intraspecific variation pathogen capacity to activate or evade jasmonate-mediated defenses is rarely considered. Experimental infection jasmonate-deficient and jasmonate-insensitive Arabidopsis thaliana with diverse isolates fungal Botrytis cinerea revealed for virulence inhibition by induction metabolites. Comparison transcriptional effects two distinct B. showed only minor...
Many inducible plant-defense responses are activated by jasmonates (JAs), C(6)-aldehydes, and their corresponding derivatives, produced the two main competing branches of oxylipin pathway, allene oxide synthase (AOS) hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) branches, respectively. In addition to competition for substrates, these branch-pathway-derived metabolites have substantial overlap in regulation gene expression. Past experiments define role C(6)-aldehydes plant defense were biased towards exogenous...
Wheat, an essential crop for global food security, is well adapted to a wide variety of soils. However, the gene networks shaping different root architectures remain poorly understood. We report here that dosage differences in cluster monocot-specific 12-OXOPHYTODIENOATE REDUCTASE genes from subfamily III (OPRIII) modulate key wheat architecture, which are associated with grain yield under water-limited conditions. Wheat plants loss-of-function mutations OPRIII show longer seminal roots,...
hy8 long hypocotyl mutants of Arabidopsis defective in responsiveness to prolonged far-red light (the so-called "far-red high-irradiance response") are selectively deficient functional phytochrome A. To define the molecular lesion these mutants, we sequenced A gene (phyA) lines carrying one or other two classes alleles. The hy8-1 and hy8-2 that express no detectable each have a single nucleotide change inserts translational stop codon protein coding sequence. These results establish phyA...
A cDNA coding for 3-ketoacyl-acyl-carrier protein (ACP) synthase III (KAS III) from spinach (Spinacia oleracea; So KAS was used to isolate two closely related clones (Ch III-1 and Ch III-2) Cuphea hookeriana. Both IIIs are expressed constitutively in all tissues examined. An increase the levels of 16:0 observed tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum, WT-SR) leaves overexpressing when under control cauliflower mosaic virus-35S promoter Arabidopsis rapeseed (Brassica napus) seeds either driven by napin....
The regulatory photoreceptor, phytochrome, controls the expression of numerous genes, including its own phyA which are transcriptionally repressed in response to light. Functional analysis a rice gene promoter, by means microprojectile-mediated transfer, indicates that GT motif, GCGGTAATT, closely related elements promoters number other light-regulated is critical for expression. Partial complementary DNA clones have been obtained nuclear protein, designated GT-2, binds highly...
The localization of NADPH‐protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (PChlide reductase, EC 1.6.99.–) in dark‐grown and irradiated leaves wheat ( Triticum aestivum L. cv. Walde) was investigated by subjecting thin sections Lowicryl K4M‐embedded leaf pieces to a monospecific antiserum raised against PChlide reductase followed protein A‐gold. A well‐preserved antigenicity the tissue achieved polymerizing resin under UV‐light at low temperature. In found prolamellar bodies only. for 30 min with white...
Abstract Jasmonic acid and its derived metabolites (JAs) orchestrate plant defense against insects fungi. 12-Oxo-phytodienoic (OPDA), a JA precursor, has also been implicated in defense. We sought to define JAs OPDA functions through comparative susceptibility characteristics of three Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) genotypes: aos, lacking OPDA; opda reductase3 (opr3), deficient production but can accumulate transgenics that overexpress OPR3. opr3, like is susceptible cabbage loopers...
Abstract To maintain homeostasis in an ever-changing environment organisms have evolved mechanisms to reprogram gene expression. One central mechanism regulating expression is messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation, which initiated by poly(A) tail shortening (deadenylation). The carbon catabolite repressor 4-CCR4 associated factor1 (CCR4-CAF1) complex the major enzyme that catalyzes mRNA deadenylation and conserved among eukaryotes. However, components functions of this global regulatory not been...
Cellular homeostasis in response to internal and external stimuli requires a tightly coordinated interorgannellar communication network. We recently identified methylerythritol cyclodiphosphate (MEcPP) as novel stress-specific retrograde signaling metabolite that accumulates environmental perturbations relay information from plastids the nucleus. now demonstrate, using combination of transcriptome proteome profiling approaches, mutant plants (ceh1) with high endogenous levels MEcPP display...
Hypocotyl elongation is a highly coordinated physiological response regulated by myriad internal and external cues. Here, we show that BBX19, transcriptional regulator with two B-box motifs, positive of growth; diminished BBX19 expression RNA interference reduces hypocotyl length, its constitutive promotes growth. This function dependent on the E3 ubiquitin ligase CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1), EARLY FLOWERING3 (ELF3), PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR4 (PIF4) PIF5. nucleus-colocalized...
Plants cope with environmental challenges by rapidly triggering and synchronizing mechanisms governing stress-specific general stress response (GSR) networks. The GSR acts transiently in to various stresses, but the underpinning have remained elusive. To define regulatory components we exploited Rapid Stress Response Element (RSRE), a previously established functional motif, using Arabidopsis plants expressing 4xRSRE::Luciferase (RSRE::LUC) reporter. Initially, searched public microarray...