Abstract Based on the satellite altimeter data, sea level off west coast of United States has increased over past 5 years, while in western tropical Pacific declined. Understanding whether this is a short‐term shift or beginning longer‐term change important implications for coastal planning efforts coming decades. Here, we identify and quantify recent Ocean level, also seek to describe variability manner consistent with descriptions El Nino‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) particularly Decadal...

The two dominant drivers of the global mean sea level (GMSL) variability at interannual timescales are steric changes due to in ocean heat content and barystatic exchange water mass between land ocean. With Gravity Recovery Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites Argo profiling floats, it has been possible measure relative contributions GMSL since 2004. While efforts “close budget” with satellite altimetry other observing systems have largely successful regards trends, short time period...

Abstract The advances in the modern sea level observing system have allowed for a new of knowledge regional and global recent years. combination data from satellite altimeters, Gravity Recovery Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites, Argo profiling floats has provided clearer picture different contributors to change, leading an improved understanding how changed present and, by extension, may change future. As overlap between these records recently extended past decade length, it is worth...

Abstract Despite having some of the world's most densely populated and vulnerable coastlines, Indian Ocean sea level variability over past century is poorly understood relative to other ocean basins primarily, due short sparse observational records. In an attempt overcome limitations imposed by lack adequate observations, we have produced a 20th reconstruction product using new multivariate technique. This technique uses pressure surface temperature in addition data help constrain basin‐wide...

Abstract We apply two statistical techniques to satellite measurements identify a relationship between terrestrial water storage (TWS) and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). First, we modified used the least-squares regression of previous study using longer records. Second, applied cyclostationary empirical orthogonal function analysis (CSEOF). Although CSEOF technique is distinct from in that it does not consider proxies, each method produces modes (decadal interannual), showing...

Abstract. Since the advent of modern satellite altimeter era, understanding sea level has increased dramatically. The record, however, dates back only to 1990s. tide gauge on other hand, extends through 20th century but with poor spatial coverage when compared satellites. Many studies have been conducted create a dataset datasets and temporal length records by finding novel ways combine data in what is known as reconstruction. However, most reconstructions were global scale, leading reduced...

This paper presents a new calibration method of wave heights obtained using marine X-band radar measurement system. Realtime information about sea state, such as height, period, and direction, is crucial for coastal protection well offshore operational management. In the last 30 years, routine state measurements have been carried out different measuring devices mooring buoys, pressure gages, acoustic type gages. Although provide reliable measurements, they are subject to frequent damages...

For analyzing sand grain size, a specialized high-priced instrument has been used, such as sieve shaker, video camera, laser particle size analyzer, and microscope. Among these, the shaker is commonly used because it not only cheaper than others but also provides reasonable accuracy. However, takes long time makes lots of dust noise. In this study, easier method which can replace proposed. By using commercial flat-bed scanner darkroom box, distribution be analyzed. The box images clear...

직립 케이슨 방파제에 대한 기존의 성능설계법은 임의의 시간 동안의 평균활동량을 산정하지만 허용활동량을 최초로 초과하는 사건의 발생확률(최초통과확률)은 계산하지 못한다. 설계자는 구조물이 피해를 입을 확률에 정보를 구조물의 설계 단계뿐 아니라 관리 및 운영에서도 필요로 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 활동의 최초통과확률을 산정하기 위해 확률과정에 기반한 시간의존 신뢰성 설계법을 개발하였다. 방파제의 활동을 일으키는 폭풍파는 발생 시간과 강도의 임의성의 특징이 있기 때문에 Poisson spike process를 사용하여 정식화할 수 있다. 여기서 폭풍파의 발생률은 활동량분포함수와 평균발생률로 표현된다. 성능설계법으로 모의된 이들은 설계변수들의 다변량 회귀함수로 나타내진다. 결과적으로 평균발생률은 유의파고, 폭, 수심의 함수로 표현되어 활동에 손쉽게 산정할 Although the existing performance-based design method for vertical...

Machine learning models are often used to automate or support decisions in applications such as lending and hiring. In settings, consumer protection rules mandate that we provide a list of "principal reasons" consumers who receive adverse decisions. practice, lenders employers identify principal reasons by returning the top-scoring features from feature attribution method. this work, study how practices align with one underlying goals - recourse i.e., educating individuals on they can attain...

In this study, a method has been developed for estimating the change of nearshore random waves in response to sea-level rise, by extending proposed regular Townend 1994. The relative changes wavelength, refraction coefficient, shoaling and wave height are presented as functions water depth. wavelength coefficient calculated using significant period principal direction regular-wave formulas. On other hand, formulas transformation area including surf zone. results form both graphs. particular,...

Abstract. Since the advent of modern satellite altimeter era, understanding sea level has increased dramatically. The record, however, dates back only to 1990s. tide gauge on other hand, extends through 20th century, but with poor spatial coverage when compared satellites. Many studies have been conducted extend resolution data into past by finding novel ways combine and in what are known as reconstructions. However, most reconstructions were a global scale, leading reduced accuracy regional...

EOF (Empirical Orthogonal Function) analysis is applied to investigate the sand movement in Hujeong Beach. For analysis, profile data which were observed five times from June 2009 May 2010 along 13 baselines used. To secure temporal and physical consistency among data, combined into one using this was performed. According first related with mean topography second represents natural variation of sediment migration third along-shore transport arising storm. The remaining EOFs show no special...

In this paper, a method has been developed for estimating the change of nearshore significant waves in response to long-term sea level rise, by extending proposed regular Townend 1994. The relative changes wavelength, refraction coefficient, shoaling and wave height random are presented as functions water depth. wavelength coefficient calculated using period principal direction formulas waves. On other hand, transformation area including surf zone. results form both graphs. particular, is...

The upper Texas coast has been severely eroded and beach erosion is going on. It not extreme comparing past one but its strength still strong by a magnitude. There are some methods numbers to determine stability of historical observation they evaluated only for certain location. may be available in the places which have rare data such as coast. study focused on factors against erosion. pattern recognition neural network was applied classification width, dune height from field observed data.

The grain size distribution of sand provides crucial information for understanding coastal erosion and sediment deposition. commonly used sieve analysis has limitations such as time-consuming processes the inability to obtain about individual particle shapes colors. In this study, we propose a method using smartphone digital images, which is simpler more efficient than method. During image process, effectively detect particles from relatively low-resolution images by extracting boundaries...