The rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis (Walker), is one of the most damaging pests in world. sublethal effects chlorantraniliprole on development,reproduction and mRNA expression levels vitellogenin gene (CsVg) C. were investigated.Exposure third-instar larvae to concentrations (LC10 LC30 ) significantly extended larval duration, lowered mean weight male pupae shortened adult longevity. Pupal duration was prolonged female treatment group. While there no significant either emergence rate or...

The pink stem borer, Sesamia inferens, which is endemic in China and other parts of Asia, a major pest rice causes significant yield loss this host plant. Very few studies have addressed gene expression S. inferens. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) currently the most accurate sensitive method for analysis. In qRT-PCR, data are normalized using reference genes, help control internal differences reduce error between samples. study, seven candidate 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA), elongation...

Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is a valuable tool for estimating gene expression; however, the validity largely dependent on selection of stable reference genes. The suitability various genes qRT-PCR analysis was evaluated in, Chilo suppressalis (Walker). ΔCt method, geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper were used to evaluate nine candidate normalizing expression in larval tissues organs during high low temperature stress. NormFinder produced similar stability...

In response to the rapid increase in world population and subsequent demands for food, edible insects represent an alternative food source humans that is rich proteins, amino acids minerals. Entomophagy a tradition many countries including China Thailand, have attracted lot of attention Western World due their suitable nutrient composition, high mineral content (e.g., Fe, Zn, Ca, Mg) potential use as supplement human diet. this study, we surveyed seven insect orders 67 species mass produced...

To explore the flavor related regulatory mechanisms of fresh Corylus heterophylla × avellana , a joint analysis metabolome and transcriptome were utilized to compare two typical C. varieties with different flavors (‘yuzhui’ ‘pingou21’) in this paper. The results showed that genes including E2.4.1.67-1 E2.4.1.67-2 SUS-1 SUS-2 SUS-4 SUS-5 SUS-7 SUS-8 SUS-9 UGP2-2 identified as responsible for regulating levels stachyose, manninotriose raffinose hazelnuts. CS OGDH deemed involved citric acid...

Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are the most diverse but also poorly known family of molecular chaperones, and they play essential roles in various biological processes. The striped stem borer, Chilo suppressalis (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is one serious pests rice, causing extensive damage yield loss. In this study, we isolated characterized five members sHSPs family-Cshsp19.8, Cshsp21.4, Cshsp21.5, Cshsp21.7a, Cshsp21.7b-from C. suppressalis. cDNAs these genes encoded 177, 187,...

Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) has emerged as a reliable and reproducible technique for studying gene expression analysis. For accurate results, the normalization of data with reference genes is particularly essential. Once transcriptome sequencing Frankliniella occidentalis was completed, numerous unigenes were identified annotated. Unfortunately, there are no studies on stability used in F. occidentalis. In this work, seven candidate genes, including actin, 18S rRNA, H3, tubulin,...

Liriomyza trifolii is a highly-invasive leafmining insect that causes significant damage to vegetables and horticultural crops worldwide. Relatively few studies have quantified gene expression in L. using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), which reliable sensitive technique for measuring expression. RT-qPCR requires the selection of reference genes normalize data control internal differences between samples. In this study, nine housekeeping from were selected their suitability normalizing...

Diapause is a complex and dynamic process. Chilo suppressalis, an important rice pest in Asia enters facultative diapause as larvae. Our results demonstrated Yangzhou, China, was initiated between September 4 12, 2010. After termination, C. suppressalis remained quiescence the field for long three months. The average time collection of larvae their pupation decreased season progressed from fall to next spring. Unexpectedly, pupated ratio female male initiation 0.22. abundance hsp90, hsp70,...

The polyphagous agromyzid fly, Liriomyza trifolii, is a significant and important insect pest of ornamental vegetable crops worldwide. adaptation insects to different environments facilitated by heat shock proteins (HSPs), which play an role in acclimation thermal stress. In this study, we cloned characterized five HSP-encoding genes L. trifolii (Lthsp20, Lthsp40, Lthsp60, Lthsp70, Lthsp90) monitored their expression under stresses using real-time quantitative PCR. Pupae were exposed 19...

The microbiota of invasive animal species may be pivotal to their adaptation and spread, yet the processes driving assembly potential sources host-microbiota remain poorly understood. Here, we characterized four Liriomyza leaf miner fly totaling 310 individuals across 43 geographical populations in China assessed whether wild was acquired from soil or host plant microbiota, using high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing. Bacterial communities differed significantly among but did not mirror...

The ancient Chinese have a long history of eating insects that which can be traced back over 2,000 years ago. Edible are often considered healthier, more sustainable meat substitute and protein source, their availability in the marketplace is steadily increasing. primary purpose this study was to explore acceptance edible insect products by consumers, investigate preferences for terms price, species cooking methods. A total 510 questionnaires were collected; 73.73% participants reported...

Similar material simulation experiments on grouting in the goaf, aiming to investigate damage characteristics of overburden and movement behavior both before after were conducted. The results demonstrate that large fissures, fractures, holes, other cavities are effectively sealed by slurry. Compared untreated significantly reduces subsidence, with a reduction rate up 92.3%. slurry compacts residual voids slowing further subsidence collapsed area. It also provides lateral support barrier...

Heat shock protein 60 is an important chaperonin. In this paper, hsp60 of the stem borer, Chilo suppressalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), was cloned by RT-PCR and rapid amplification cDNA end (RACE) reactions. The full length hsp6ºConsisted 2142 bp, with ORF 1719 encoding 572 amino acid residues, a 5'UTR 158 bp 3'UTR 265 bp. Cluster analysis confirmed that deduced sequence shared high identity reported sequences from other insects (77%-86%). To investigate whether in C. responds to...

The pink stem borer, Sesamia inferens (Walker), is a major pest of rice and endemic in China other parts Asia. Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) encompass diverse, widespread class stress that have not been characterized S. inferens. In the present study, we isolated three genes encode members α-crystallin/sHSP family, namely, Sihsp21.4, Sihsp20.6, Sihsp19.6. cDNAs encoded 187, 183 174 amino acids with calculated molecular weights 21.4, 20.6 19.6 kDa, respectively. deduced acid sequences...

Five genes encoding heat shock proteins (HSPs), Cchsp40, Cchsp60, Cchsp70, Cchsc70 and Cchsp90, were cloned sequenced from Cotesia chilonis using RT-PCR RACE. The cDNA sequences of Cchsp90 1 265, 2 551, 094, 297 635 bp in length, respectively, with a molecular weight (MW) 39.1, 60.6, 71.45, 70.19 82.92 kDa, respectively. predicted amino acid these showed high similarities published HSPs other insects Hymenoptera. Analysis genomic DNAs indicated that Cchsp70 lacked introns, but contained an...

Differences in soil physical, chemical and biological properties between paddy–upland continuous upland rotations will influence nutrient relations crop growth. With the aim of estimating rapeseed yield performance response to fertilization rice–rapeseed (RR) cotton–rapeseed (CR) rotations, on-farm experiments were conducted at 70 sites across Hubei province, central China. The economically optimal fertilizer rates winter oilseed rape different determined. Field showed that previous crops...

Time-Resolved Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (TR-FRET) technology is a widely used immunoassay that enables high-throughput quantitative measurements of proteins interest. One the well established examples TR-FRET assay for mutant huntingtin protein (HTT), which major cause neurodegenerative Huntington's disease (HD). To measure HTT protein, published assays utilize polyQ antibody, MW1, paired with N-terminal antibodies. MW1 has much higher apparent affinity to expanded stretch than...