A5068222880- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Reproductive tract infections research
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- ICT in Developing Communities
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Menstrual Health and Disorders
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Vitamin D Research Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
Biomedical Research and Training Institute
2016-2025
University of KwaZulu-Natal
2023
Centre for Sexual Health and HIV AIDS Research
2022
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2020
Murdoch University
2019
University of Zimbabwe
2010-2015
Survival to older childhood with untreated, vertically acquired HIV infection, which was previously considered extremely unusual, is increasingly well described. However, the overall impact on adolescent health in settings high seroprevalence has not been investigated.Adolescents (aged 10-18 y) systematically recruited from acute admissions two public hospitals Harare, Zimbabwe, answered a questionnaire and underwent standard investigations including testing, consent. Pre-set...
At least one-third of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected infants survive to adolescence even without antiretroviral therapy (ART), but are at high risk complications including cardiac disease. We investigated the characteristics disease among adolescents with HIV infection diagnosed in late childhood who were receiving ambulatory care Harare, Zimbabwe.Consecutive vertically acquired attending 2 outpatient treatment clinics studied. Assessment included clinical history and...
Introduction Population ageing in Africa is increasing healthcare demands. Hip fractures require multidisciplinary care and are considered an indicator condition for age-related health services. We aimed to estimate current hip fracture incidence Zimbabwe, compare rates against other regional estimates future numbers. Methods All cases adults aged ≥40 years, presenting any hospital Harare over 2 were identified. From this, age- sex-specific per 100 000 person-years estimated using 2022...
Directly observed treatment short course (DOTS), the global control strategy aimed at controlling tuberculosis (TB) transmission through prompt diagnosis of symptomatic smear-positive disease, has failed to prevent rising incidence rates in Africa brought about by HIV epidemic. However, does not necessarily imply failure transmission, which is primarily driven prevalent infectious disease. We investigated epidemiology and incident TB a high prevalence population provided with enhanced...
Mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was extremely common in southern Africa during the 1990s, and a substantial minority infected infants have survived to reach adolescence undiagnosed. Studies shown high prevalence HIV hospitalized adolescents who features associated with long-standing infection, including stunting frequent minor illnesses. We therefore investigated epidemiology at primary care level.
To investigate HIV incidence during a trial of two voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) strategies. Counselling may promote beneficial behavioural change, although knowledge negative status does not appear to contribute further benefit.The parent cluster-randomized demonstrated much greater uptake VCT when rapid were available on-site (intensive VCT) than through pre-paid vouchers an external provider (standard VCT). Anonymous tests had been requested from all employees at enrolment after...
Background There is a substantial burden of HIV infection among older children in sub-Saharan Africa, the majority whom are diagnosed after presentation with advanced disease. We investigated provision and uptake provider-initiated testing counselling (PITC) primary health care facilities, explored worker (HCW) perspectives on providing to children. Methods Findings Children aged 6 15 y attending six clinics Harare, Zimbabwe, were offered PITC, guardian consent child assent. The reasons why...
BackgroundHIV testing is the important entry point for HIV care and prevention service, but uptake of thus coverage antiretroviral therapy are much lower in older children adolescents than adults. We investigated effect economic incentives provided to caregivers aged 8–17 years on counselling Harare, Zimbabwe.MethodsThis randomised controlled trial was nested within a household prevalence survey Harare. Households with one or more participants whose status unknown were eligible participate...
<h2>Summary</h2><h3>Background</h3> Children and adolescents have poorer HIV treatment outcomes than adults. We aimed to assess the effect of community-based support for caregivers HIV-infected children adolescents, who are key mediators engaging with care, on outcomes. <h3>Methods</h3> In this open-label, randomised contolled trial, we recruited aged 6–15 years newly-diagnosed attending primary health-care clinics in Harare, Zimbabwe. were randomly assigned receive decentralised...
Objective To assess the diagnostic value of provider-initiated symptom screening for tuberculosis (TB) and how HIV status affects it.Methods We performed a secondary analysis randomly selected participants in community-based TB-HIV prevalence survey Harare, Zimbabwe.All completed five-symptom questionnaire underwent sputum TB culture testing.We calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive negative predictive values various symptoms used regression to investigate relationship between...
Reliance on community health workers (CHWs) for HIV care continues to increase, particularly in resource-limited settings. CHWs can improve service use and adherence treatment, but effectiveness of these programmes relies providing an enabling work environment CHWs, including reasonable workload, supportive supervision adequate training supplies. Although criteria effective CHW have been identified, rarely prospectively applied design evaluation new interventions. For the Zimbabwe study...
<ns3:p><ns3:bold>Background: </ns3:bold>Youth have poorer HIV-related outcomes when compared to other age-groups. We describe the protocol for a cluster randomised trial (CRT) evaluate effectiveness of community-based, integrated HIV and sexual reproductive health services youth on outcomes.</ns3:p><ns3:p> </ns3:p><ns3:p> <ns3:bold>Protocol: </ns3:bold>The CHIEDZA is being conducted in three provinces Zimbabwe, each with eight geographically demarcated areas (clusters) (total 24 clusters)...
<ns3:p>Background Youth have poorer HIV-related outcomes when compared to other age-groups. We describe the protocol for a cluster randomised trial (CRT) evaluate effectiveness of community-based, integrated HIV and sexual reproductive health services youth on outcomes. Protocol The CHIEDZA is being conducted in three provinces Zimbabwe, each with eight geographically demarcated areas (clusters) (total 24 clusters) 1:1 standard care (existing services) or intervention. intervention comprises...
To investigate mortality rates and risk factors for death among smear-negative tuberculosis (TB) suspects.Cohort study nested within a cluster-randomised trial of community-based active case finding. Smear-negative TB suspects were followed 12 months, with home tracing where necessary. We calculated used regression analysis to the relationship between clinical characteristics death.Between February 2006 June 2007, 1195 1136.8 person-years. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence was...
Objective To qualitatively investigate reasons why individuals who reported chronic cough of 2 weeks or more in a cross-sectional prevalence survey had not accessed community-based outreach other diagnostic services. Methods This study was nested into cluster randomised trial comparing two methods providing community-level diagnosis for tuberculosis (TB). Twenty (12 males) with previously unreported cough, because undiagnosed pulmonary TB five cases, were interviewed. An additional 20...
Population-based surveys in Southern Africa suggest a substantial burden of undiagnosed HIV-infected long-term survivors mother-to-child transmission. We conducted an HIV prevalence survey primary school pupils Harare, Zimbabwe, and evaluated school-linked counselling testing (HCT) for pupils, their families schoolteachers. Population-weighted cluster sampling was used to select six schools. Randomly selected class-grade underwent anonymous testing, with concurrent family HCT offered during...
Introduction Children living with HIV experience particular challenges in accessing care. usually rely on adult caregivers for access to care, including timely diagnosis, initiation of treatment and sustained engagement services. The aim this study was inform the design a community‐based intervention support HIV‐positive children increase children's retention care as part programme introducing decentralized primary health facilities. Methods Using an existing conceptual framework, we...
Substantial numbers of children with HIV present to health care services in older childhood and adolescence, previously undiagnosed. These "slow-progressors" may experience considerable chronic ill health, which is not well characterized. We investigated the prevalence morbidity among aged 6-15 years at diagnosis infection.A cross-sectional study was performed 7 primary clinics Harare, Zimbabwe. Children who tested positive following provider-initiated testing counseling were recruited. A...
BackgroundThe prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among youth is high in sub-Saharan Africa. We investigated the uptake testing for and Chlamydia trachomatis (chlamydia) Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonorrhoea) community-based settings Zimbabwe, explored facilitators barriers to testing.MethodsThis study was nested within a cluster randomised trial delivery integrated HIV sexual reproductive health services aged 16–24 years. gonorrhoea via urine samples using Xpert CT/NG test...