Abstract Growing concern about Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance is pushing businesses, including social economy enterprises such as cooperatives, to seek solutions for Sustainable Development (SD) challenges. This study explores the current landscape of ESG reporting by Spanish adding limited knowledge their sustainability disclosure practices. We propose a specific framework these entities based on non-financial indicators preliminary step develop an index reporting,...

ABSTRACT Sustainability Assurance (SA) is increasing worldwide. Cooperatives are highly susceptible to CSR but there an interesting research gap regarding SA in them. We use mixed methods (statistical and content analysis) study practices of the top 300 cooperatives Paradoxically, our results show scarce or late adoption, country‐level sector sensibility do not affect adoption significantly. Conversely, influence choice assurance provider. Finally, findings reveal that industry factors, also...

Abstract Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has greatly influenced business communication. CSR reporting become the main tool through which organisations worldwide communicate their economic, and environmental performance. Just as this practice is consolidated, need for credible information in area critical. As a result, some companies subject reports to an assurance process. Several studies have analysed among stock companies, but few authors developed non‐stock firm perspective. Given...

Sustainability reporting and assurance have considerably increased in the last decades. Among different sectors, ‘sensitive sectors’ attracted attention of many academics. However, most research works were focused only on ‘environmentally-sensitive sectors’. Therefore, after loss trust caused by lack transparency due to crisis, ‘socially-sensitive as financial services sector needs strengthen users’ confidence credibility their reported activities. The aim this paper is assess practices...

Financial scandals have highlighted the need for greater corporate transparency. Thus, governance has emerged as an instrument corporations to fulfil their social responsibility by offering more reliable information stakeholders. In this sense, report become one of leading mechanisms business reporting attend growing users. External and independent assurance reports is a tool reduce potential risk derived from malpractices. However, within Spanish context, there few number listed companies...

Cooperative banks, as a social economy institution, have special relationship with sustainability. Given the lack of previous studies, we aim to develop an exploratory analysis on sustainability reporting in European cooperative banks. On one hand, studied evolution know whether crisis influenced this practice. other compared reports banks' reports. Moreover, analysed content what information is disclosed by The results show that although number low, it responds weight market. They also...

Nowadays, public administrations are experiencing a trend towards greater control and supervision as result of citizen demands the financial situation recent years. Specifically, Spanish Autonomous Communities have suffered greatly from effects economic crisis 2008 they detected large number political corruption processes, which has focused attention experts. Therefore, main objective this work is to evaluate effect that level implementation external auditing degree information transparency...

SYNOPSIS: The IASB/FASB joint project on Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Equity (formerly Liabilities and Equity) has highlighted the complexity associated difficulty drawing line between liabilities equity. While classification difficulties have been identified for investor-owned businesses (IOB), inconsistency different approaches being considered is clearer when applied to financial instruments co-operatives whose ownership characteristics differ from IOB model. In existence...

Abstract Members' shares in co‐operative entities are financial instruments with particular characteristics. In this paper we analyse the relation between firm leverage and systematic risk to provide empirical evidence on economic substance of member members cooperatives. We have studied characteristics members' six European countries: France, Germany, Italy, Portugal, Spain United Kingdom. also conducted tests co‐operatives these countries over period 1993–2005. The study reports that...

RESUMENEn España el Plan General Contable, norma básica de normalización contable, ha sido desarrollado tomando como base las sociedades mercantiles, por lo que obvia especificidades cooperativas, además la regulación cooperativas se caracteriza un marco plurilegislativo. Todo ello justifica necesidad adaptación normas contables a llevada cabo. Por estudian singularidades en relación sus fondos propios así diferentes opciones posibles, evaluando consecuentemente soluciones adoptadas Norma...

Cooperatives have a different ownership structure compared with investor owned firms, which causes frictions in the development of accounting standards. This paper critically reviews history cooperatives standards for business combinations and identifies studies five problematic aspects application acquisition method. A guidance to identifying Business Combinations Under Common Control between is proposed. Incompatibilities cooperative law are identified, modified cost combination proposed,...

Sustainability assurance has increased in the last decade because of need to gain credibility. The aim this paper is develop an exploratory analysis about sustainability agri-food industry. Given lack previous studies that focus a specific sector, we consider interesting research gap. Thus, identify whether adoption and choice assuror are associated with industry, country status where company located, size listing status. Findings indicate companies from industry less likely than other...

Transparency has become a key element for public entities as mechanism of reliability and accountability. In addition, the continuous auditing these entities, well efficient provision services, are important elements that can have an impact on greater degree transparency. this paper, aim is to measure how factors influence level municipal transparency through analysis sample 143 Spanish municipalities with more than 50,000 inhabitants using generalized model moments. The results show highly...