Leeches secrete various biologically active substances which have important medical and pharmaceutical values in antithrombotic treatments. Here, we provide a high quality genome of two Asian medicinal leeches Hirudo nipponia tianjinensis, based on which, identified 22 gene families, including fourteen coagulation inhibitors, four platelet aggregation three fibrinolysis enhancers, one tissue penetration enhancer. The total numbers genes were similar between H. (N = 86) tianjinensis 83)....

Leeches are well-known annelids due to their obligate blood-feeding habits. Some leech species secrete various biologically active substances which have important medical and pharmaceutical value in antithrombotic treatments. In this study, we provided a high-quality genome of the Asian buffalo (Hirudinaria manillensis), based on performed systematic identification potential genes corresponding proteins. Combining automatic manual prediction, identified 21 gene families including fourteen...

Leeches are well known for blood-feeding habits and widely used medicinal purposes as they secrete various antithrombotic substances. However, some leeches exhibit non-hematophagous their significance use is controversial. Here we provide the chromosome-level genomes of two leeches, Whitmania acranulata laevis, and, in combination with previous results from pigra, compared these an emphasis on biomolecules. All three species had same chromosome number 11. The genome size, repeat site...

Abstract The blue-throated bee-eater Merops viridis (Coraciiformes: Meropidae) is the most widely distributed species of family Meropidae in China; however, studies on its breeding ecology and conservation are lacking. Data were collected Ji’an, Jiangxi Province, from 2010 to 2024. bee-eaters arrived mid-May left early September. They typically bred only once, with egg-laying occurring between mid-June July. Clutch size ranged two seven eggs (4.8 ± 1.4 SD). Both incubation nestling periods...

With the growing severity of antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial peptides demonstrate significant potential for medical applications. Here, we performed genome and transcriptome sequencing 30 Asian buffalo leech (Hirudinaria manillensis) individuals integrated data from three other species (Whitmania pigra, Hirudo nipponia, medicinalis) to investigate genetic variation gene expression H. manillensis macins. Three macins (Hman1, Hman2, Hman3), along with their encoding genes were identified...

The importance of climate in determining biodiversity patterns has been well documented. However, the relationship between and rates genetic evolution remains controversial. Latitude elevation have associated with change markers such as cytochrome b. What is not known, however, strength associations whether found among these genes apply across entire genomes. Here, using bumblebee data from seven subgenera Bombus, we demonstrate that all species occupying warmer elevations undergone faster...

Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) has been used as a powerful marker in variety of phylogenetic studies. According to studies bird species, the 694-bp sequence mitochondrial gene encoding COI is extremely useful for species identification and phylogeny. In present study, we analyzed barcodes 79 from 26 genera belonging Anatidae family. Sixty-six (83.54%) were identified correctly their DNA barcodes. The remaining 13 shared sequences with closely related species. Kimura...

Diet specialization may affect the population genetic structure of pollinators by reducing gene flow and driving differentiation, especially in pollen-specialist bees. Colletes gigas is a pollinator Camellia oleifera, one most important staple oil crops China. Ca. oleifera blooms cold climates contains special compounds that make it an unusable pollen source to other pollinators. Thus, C. undoubtedly plays key role as main with biological economic significance. Here, we use genomic approach...

In this study, we determined the complete nucleotide sequence of mitochondrial (mt) DNA paddy frog Fejervarya multistriata. mtDNA is 17,750-bp long and contains 13 protein-coding regions, 2 ribosomal RNA, non-coding genes, 23 tRNA because presence an extra copy tRNA-Met. The gene arrangements among two related species were compared, combined data subjected to a phylogenetic analysis. Interestingly, observed unique translocation tRNA-Leu gene, similar that reported in previous studies on...

Abstract Vitellogenin (Vg), a storage protein, has been significantly studied for its egg yolk precursor role in oviparous animals. Recent studies found that vitellogenin and Vg‐like homologs were fundamentally involved many other biological processes social insects such as female caste differences oxidative stress resilience. In this study, we conducted the first large‐scale molecular evolutionary analyses of coding genes ( Vg ) bumble bees, primitively eusocial insect belonging to genus...

Anomala calceuiformis Huang & Lu, sp. nov. is described as a new species based on specimens collected from Mangshan National Nature Reserve, Hunan Province, China. nov., which has an elongate, red-brown body, strongly reflected clypeus, and convex elytral intervals, similar to fukiensis Machatschke, 1955, longicarcarata Lin, 2002, spatuliformis 2002. Here we provide key these species, describe diagnose each of them, compile distribution map. In addition, the Cytochrome oxidase I (COI)...

A DNA barcode is a short sequence of standardized genomic region that specific to species.According studies bird species, the 694-bp mitochondrial gene encoding cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) extremely useful for species identification and phylogeny.In present study, we analyzed COI barcodes 31 from 18 genera belonging Phasianidae family in China.Kimura two-parameter (K2P) distances were calculated between barcodes.We found average genetic distance congeneric was 24 times higher compared...

The mitochondrial DNA control region is an area of the genome which non-coding DNA. To infer structural and evolutionary characteristics Phasianidae region, entire sequences 34 species were analyzed. length ranged from 1144 bp (Phasianus colchicus) to 1555 (Coturnix japonica) can be separated into three domains. average genetic distances among within genera varied 1.96% (Chrysolophus) 12.05% (Coturnix). showed significantly negative correlation with ts/tv. In most (except Coturnix), domain I...

The complete mitochondrial genome of Actias dubernardi (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) is 15,270 bp in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNAs, 2 ribosomal and a putative control region. All the genes (PCGs) use standard start codon ATN, except for cox1 which starts with CGA. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis was performed using dataset matrix PCGs concatenated from mitogenomes 14 Saturniidae species. monophyly five species highly supported Antheraea inferred as sister group Actias.

The oriental rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopis), which infests several mammals, primarily rats (Rattus spp.), is the most notorious vector of human plague. In this study, we measured genetic differentiation among populations fleas from Asian house tanezumi) and brown (R. norvegicus) using microsatellite markers in order to investigate extent host-switching parasite. We developed 11 polymorphic loci for our nine showed high potential inbreeding. AMOVA that majority (84.07%, P < 0.001) variation...

The family Ranidae has the widest distribution compared with other frog family. phylogeny of is still a matter dispute. In present study, we analyzed COI barcodes 29 species from six genera belonging to Ranidae. Twenty-seven (93.10% all species) were correctly identified by their DNA barcodes. Pelophylax lessonae and ridibundus shared same one barcode sequence. Kimura two-parameter distances calculated between Pair-wise comparisons among-species distributed 0.16% (between esculenta) 29.13%...

The Timaliidae, a diverse family of oscine passerine birds, has long been subject debate regarding its phylogeny.The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene used as powerful marker for identification and phylogenetic studies animal species.In the present study, we analyzed COI barcodes 71 species from 21 genera belonging to Timaliidae.Every bird possessed barcode distinct that other species.Kimura two-parameter (K2P) distances were calculated between barcodes.The average...

The control region is considered to be one of the most variable parts animal mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). We compared mtDNA from 37 species representing 14 genera and 4 subfamilies Ranidae, analyze evolution determine their phylogenetic relationship. All Ranidae had a single region, except four that two repeat regions. spanned between Cyt b tRNAleu genes in species. length sequences ranged 1186 bp (Limnonectes bannaensis) 6746 (Rana kunyuensis). average genetic distances among varied 1.94%...