To analyze the complex nature of upper airway obstruction (UAO) and response to surgery in children with Down syndrome.Retrospective medical chart review all patients syndrome who had UAO during a 5-year period.Academic tertiary care children's hospital.Seventy-one pediatric significant UAO. Thirty-four pulmonary artery hypertension; 44 multiple sites obstruction. The obstructive problems included lymphoid hyperplasia, macroglossia, narrow nasopharynx, laryngomalacia, congenital subglottic...

The goal of this study was to determine whether there is a sensitive period during early development when cochlear implantation can occur into minimally degenerate and/or highly plastic central auditory system. Our measure deprivation latency the P1 evoked potential, whose generators include thalamocortical areas. Auditory potentials were recorded in 18 congenitally deaf children who fitted with implants by 3.5 years age. latencies compared their age-matched peers normal hearing. There no...

The incidence and prevalence of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) for children aged <18 years were estimated in 2 US cities, Atlanta Seattle, 1996. All otolaryngologists a 24-county area metropolitan (101 physicians) an 8-county Seattle (139 agreed to participate the study. Medical record chart abstraction was performed only with documented current residence study (21 patients 14 Seattle). rate juvenile RRP 1.11/100,000 population 0.36/100, 000 Seattle. 2.59/100,000 1.69/100,000 In...

Abstract Hereditary hearing loss is a monogenic disease with high genetic heterogeneity. Variants in more than 100 deafness genes underlie the basis of its pathogenesis. The aim this study was to assess ratio SNVs known contributing etiology both sporadic and familial sensorineural patients from China. DNA samples 1127 individuals, including normal controls ( n = 616), SNHL 433), deaf individuals 78) 30 pedigrees were collected. NGS tests included analysis sequence alterations 129 genes....

Current major barriers for using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies in genetic mutation screening on an epidemiological scale appear to be the high accuracy demanded by clinical applications and per-sample cost. How achieve efficiency enriching targeted disease genes while keeping a low cost/sample is key technical hurdle overcome. We validated cDNA-probe-based approach capturing exons of group known cause deafness. Polymerase chain reaction amplicons were made from cDNA clones...

To measure human papillomavirus (HPV) 6 and 11 viral load antibody response in longitudinal specimens obtained from children with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis to examine the association of type-specific clinical severity disease.Longitudinal pilot study a median follow-up 5.4 months.The included 15 undergoing therapy for at Egleston Children's Hospital, Atlanta, GA, between January 22, 1999, June 13, 2000.The kinetics HPV-6 HPV-11 level were examined over time. Longitudinal loads...

Abstract The middle ear conducts sound to the cochlea for hearing. Otitis media (OM) is most common illness in childhood. Moreover, chronic OM with effusion (COME) leading cause of conductive hearing loss. Clinically, COME highly associated Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia, implicating significant contributions cilia dysfunction COME. understanding properties that are critical susceptibility, however, limited. Here, we confirmed presence a ciliated region near Eustachian tube orifice at ventral...

Minimal pneumatization of the temporal bone is characteristic otitis media. The classic radiographic assessment mastoid air cell system size Runstrom II view, but Law lateral view commonly used clinical in United States. Isolated specimens are most accurately positioned using a modified (with film perpendicular to central X-ray beam). Computerized tomography best means assessing pneumatization. mathematical relationships determined by II, Law, and radiographs, computerized were 30 adult...

Anatomic and functional differences of the eustachian tube have been suggested as etiologic factors in patients with otitis media. We studied lengths vectors tensor veli palatini muscle 25 unilateral specimens from adult human cadavers. The extent temporal bone pneumatization, determined by computed tomography plain lateral radiographs, was used an indicator prior Increased length cartilaginous associated positively (r=.53, p&lt;.01) volume pneumatization. However, neither bony nor vector...

Wide ranges of dimensions the malleus and incus have been reported for various human populations. Unaddressed are concordance sizes, bilateral symmetry, whether ossicle size correlates with otitis media, second-branchial arch derivatives more variability than first-arch derivatives. We sought to quantitatively describe in a population not heretofore reported, following hypotheses mind: 1) an ear's sizes concordant; 2) cranium's symmetry; 3) unrelated mastoid-size indicator childhood media;...

Imaging a cochlear implant with CT is challenging because of implant-induced artifacts, anatomic variations, and lack standard terminology for anatomy. The purposes this project were to determine whether the tip was more accurately located on oblique reformations than images, review radiology reports accurate locations, assess agreement between an surgeon neuroradiologist by using standardized anatomy depth.In retrospective study, independently viewed temporal bone images 36 ears implants....

We examined 187 males to evaluate the hypothesis that short‐headed persons more often have otitis media than long‐headed persons. The subjects were seen as part of routine health screening before attending recreational summer camp. photographic appearance each tympanic membrane was judged on two separate occasions by an otolaryngologist who categorized them “normal”, “abnormal”, or “cannot determine”. repeatability categorizations fair: kappa = 0.44. Only membranes identically twice used for...

Abstract Cystic fibrosis patients commonly have nasal polyps and sinusitis, but surprisingly are spared from an increased occurrence of otitis media. Twenty cystic whose ages ranged 13 to 2G years were studied. Only one these had a history otitis. Minimal temporal bone pneumatization, as determined by computed tomography, was used indicator childhood The tomography been done part the medical evaluation their symptomatic paranasal sinusitis. On average, pneumatization volume larger for than...

The objective of this study was to describe the interobserver agreement otologists in judging extent cochlear electrode insertion as depicted plain radiographs done various projections relative that Stenvers (45 degrees from midline).Ten experienced U.S. MED-EL implant surgeons, unaware image history, judged depths coiling 12 images.In a bequeathed cranial base specimen, standard Combi 40+ inserted 3 mm less than fully and stabilized. With custom cephalostat, specimen positioned Frankfort...

A 16-year follow-up survey of native Americans living in Canyon Day, Ariz, did not show improvement the 9.3% rate clinically significant otitis media. However, manifestations were more benign, especially children, and included spectrum genetically determined eustachian tube difference may explain high occurrence media these Apache Indians. Improvements conditions health care change to less severe manifestations.

Clinical data supported the hypothesis that most otitis media requiring surgery is part of a life-long bilateral process correlates with small mastoid air system, and bougie-assessable large eustachian tube. Cleft palate, even in microform cleft uvula, was an indicator tube (p less than 0.001). The 1.48 mm mean caliber patients larger 0.001) 0.73 reference tubes. Eustachian not correlate age or sex. Comparatively tubes were associated trauma-caused tympanic membrane perforation 0.01), middle...

There is no consensus why the manubrium of malleus, as viewed clinically through external ear canal, generally points downward and posteriorly.To depict alignment handle auditory relative to zygomatic arch, Frankfort plane, a visual plane proxy horizontal semicircular canal. Also, assess bilateral symmetry mastoid pneumatization.Postmortem anatomic dissection 41 bequeathed adult crania without clinical otitis.The line canal was measured arch. Mastoid sizes were determined radiographically....

Cochlear implantation via the middle cranial fossa may access entire length of cochlea without opening ear. Concerns include safety and electrode array design. The objectives this study were to determine depth superior portion basal turn (SPBT) distances from facial greater petrosal nerves, describe some ideas about arrays. involved operative dissection 41 bequeathed otitis-free adult crania (82 temporal bones). Mastoid size was assessed by x-ray. Commercially available MED-EL split arrays...