A5016289939- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Marine and fisheries research
- Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior
- Ecology and biodiversity studies
- Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
- Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Fish biology, ecology, and behavior
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology
- Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
- Water Quality Monitoring Technologies
- Ichthyology and Marine Biology
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- International Maritime Law Issues
Prince William Sound Science Center
2018-2025
Wild Salmon Center
2004-2014
North Carolina State University
1997-2005
State University of New York
1993-1994
SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry
1993
York University
1993
Zoological Institute
1974
University of Copenhagen
1974
Abstract Freshwater ecosystems are highly biodiverse 1 and important for livelihoods economic development 2 , but under substantial stress 3 . To date, comprehensive global assessments of extinction risk have not included any speciose groups primarily living in freshwaters. Consequently, data from predominantly terrestrial tetrapods 4,5 used to guide environmental policy 6 conservation prioritization 7 whereas recent proposals target setting freshwaters use abiotic factors 8–13 However,...
We used electromyogram (EMG) radiotelemetry to assess swimming activity (e.g., swim speeds), behaviour, and migration speeds ground speeds) of individual adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) migrating through several reaches the Fraser Nechako rivers in British Columbia. Using a laboratory flume volitionally fish carrying EMG transmitters, we developed relationships between pulse intervals speeds. A bioenergetics model was estimate reach-specific energy use per metre for each based on...
Abstract We evaluated the effects of past and future trends in temperature discharge Fraser River on migratory performance early Stuart population sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka . Fish lower condition exhibited disproportionately higher mortality during spawning run, elucidating a critical link between energetic fish's ability to reach grounds. simulated migrations by accounting for demands an average individual from time entry into estuary arrival grounds (about 1,200 km upstream)...
Abstract Widespread mortality of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. returning to spawn in Alaska coincided with record-breaking air temperatures and prolonged drought summer 2019. Extreme environmental conditions are expected happen more frequently rapid climate change challenge the notion that could indefinitely provide abundant, cool freshwater habitat for salmon. A total 110 geographically widespread opportunistic observations premature (carcasses) were collected from a variety sources....
Anadromous salmon migrations are energetically expensive. Long-distance migrants should be efficient in their use of energy and minimize swimming costs wherever possible. We explore strategies energy-saving tactics employed by three long-distance-migrating sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) stocks the Fraser River watershed, British Columbia. used stereovideography bank-side observations to estimate speeds (from tailbeat frequency) ground (using distance traveled duration) for individuals at...
We developed a bioenergetics model for steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss that simulates growth and consumption by separate life history forms in Lakes Michigan Ontario. estimated abundances of hatchery wild smolts during 1975–1990 both lakes based on stocking rates, survival schedules, discrimination the proportion lake population was naturally recruited. Recruitment varied as function presmolt winter severity lakes. Wild accounted 6–44% (during 1982–1989) 18–33% 1978–1985) total annual smolt...
We simulated metabolic power consumed by Fraser River sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) during upriver migration based on direct measures of activity from physiological field telemetry. The most accurate prediction energy expenditure was obtained expressing as a fine time scale (5 s) stochastic process. By imposing daily step, predictions use were considerably lower than observed use, suggesting that the practice modeling energetics at scale, particularly for relatively active fish, may...
We describe dynamics of energy density and size Lake Ontario alewife Alosa pseudoharengus rainbow smelt Osmerus mordax, we use a bioenergetics model common pelagic piscivore, chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, to demonstrate the effect these factors on piscivore daily ration during 1978–1990. The alewives varied more than twofold between peaks in September (age 1) or October–November ≥2) lows May July–September (age≥2). previously described seasonal pattern Michigan was similar except...
We compared predatory demand by pelagic planktivorous prey fish with invertebrate production in Lake Michigan during 1987 and Ontario 1990. Predation the planktivores was nearly fourfold higher than (approx. 87 g wet weight∙m −2 ∙year −1 ). rates on Mysis were comparable Lakes 21 g∙m ), while predation Diporeia markedly (21.3 vs. 8.5 In Ontario, zooplankton exceeded our best estimate of a factor 1.7. Similarly, estimates 1.2–2.0 times estimated rate production, depending model used. consumed...
Abstract The Sakhalin taimen Parahucho perryi is an endangered salmonid with a natural range limited to the Russian Far East and Japan. We constructed classification tree determine environmental factors shaping historical global distribution of this species then predicted its potential geographic range. was most strongly influenced by spatial autocorrelation term, indicating that it highly contiguous. Large drainage basins low topographic relief large floodplains had higher probability...
Estimates of production and predation rates from bioenergetic models chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), coho kisutch), lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) suggest a long-term decline in their gross conversion efficiency (gross production/prey consumption) the to biomass ratio Lake Ontario during 1978-1994. The former pattern was caused primarily by declining trend adult alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) energy density 1978-1985; latter resulted reductions growth (coho salmon) buildup...
An individual-based model (IBM) was applied to the Lake Michigan rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) population, with objectives of explaining observed variation in growth and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentration within population. When prey PCB incorporated into model, variability among individual fully explained by IBM. Although number spawnings years spent a stream prior first entering lake were factors determining growth, these life history characteristics appeared have only...
We applied stereovideographic techniques to investigate path selection, ground speed, and swimming speed in adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) ascending the Seton River, British Columbia. tracked three-dimensional trajectories of through 10 reaches characterized current profile at each site. At sites with relatively slow currents, encountered river speeds along fish's trajectory were significantly lower than mean However, higher sites, fish experienced or above average site increased...
Concern about the decline of wild salmon has attracted attention International Union for Conservation Nature (IUCN). The IUCN applies quantitative criteria to assess risk extinction and publishes its results on Red List Threatened Species. However, focus is species level thus may fail show populations. adapted their apply populations but there exist few examples this type assessment. We assessed status sockeye Oncorhynchus nerka as a model application population-level assessments provide...
Abstract In response to ocean heating and hatchery production, pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) returning from the North Pacific Ocean steadily increased after 1975, leading concerns about their influence on food webs competition with other species. Using measurements of distance between scale annuli 24 584 individual sockeye (O. nerka), we examined growth during 2 or 3 years at sea 1977 2015 for eight populations in Alaska. We found significant, negative autocorrelations 1 lag year...
ABSTRACT Maladapted immigrants may reduce wild population productivity and resilience, depending on the degree of fitness mismatch between dispersers locals. Thus, domesticated individuals escaping into populations is a key conservation concern. In Prince William Sound, Alaska, over 700 million pink salmon ( Oncorhynchus gorbuscha ) are released annually from hatcheries, providing natural experiment to characterize mechanisms underlying impacts populations. Using dataset > 200,000 sampled...
We tested the hypotheses that (1) reductions in individual size and energy density of adult alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) Lake Ontario over past decade have caused mean consumed compensatory increases frequency feeding by salmonines (2) perceived recent rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) prey base years resulted shifts diets to less preferred items. Data from a diet survey conducted on sport-caught during 1983-1988 1993 indicated significant across all predator species time an increased among...
Abstract Pacific salmon hatcheries support important commercial fisheries for Pink Salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha and Chum O. keta in Prince William Sound (PWS), Alaska. State policy mandates that hatchery‐produced fish must not negatively impact natural populations, which can occur during mixed via ecological genetic interactions. Therefore, we quantified the spatial temporal overlap of natural‐ hatchery‐origin (1) as they migrated into PWS (2) spawning streams. Intensive sampling 2013–2015,...
Many tributary streams of Lake Ontario have become important spawning habitats for introduced Pacific salmon. We examine how phosphorus released through salmon decomposition and other environmental factors potentially limit primary productivity in two tributaries New York State. Contribution (measured as total phosphorus) from carcasses, computed the percentage estimated discharged stream, was very low (< 1%∙yr −1 ), but modest importance (> 50%∙d ) during restricted periods spring....
The effect of substrate type and potential refuge on the vulnerability four stream-living insect prey to two predators was studied by comparing predator capture success each in laboratory stream chambers. Prey were Ephemeroptera, Baetis tricaudatus (Baetidae) Ephemerella subvaria (Ephemerellidae), Simulium vittatum (Diptera:Simuliidae), several species Hydropsychidae (Trichoptera). Single taxa or mixed exposed Agnetina capitata (Plecoptera:Perlidae) Nigronia serricornis...
The homing behaviour of salmon is a remarkable natural phenomenon, critical for shaping the ecology and evolution populations yet spatial scale at which it occurs poorly understood. This study investigated mechanisms driving as depicted by spawning site-choice in pink (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) Prince William Sound, Alaska. Molecular pedigree analyses over 30,000 adult spawners four streams revealed that exhibit fine-scale site fidelity within stream, returning to <100 m their parents. Homing...