A5010951869- Plant and animal studies
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Plant and Fungal Species Descriptions
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
- Lichen and fungal ecology
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Plant Diversity and Evolution
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Education, Psychology, and Social Research
- Flowering Plant Growth and Cultivation
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Agriculture and Biological Studies
- Fern and Epiphyte Biology
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
- Agricultural economics and policies
- Biological and pharmacological studies of plants
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice
2016-2025
Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic
2024
Czech RE Agency
2024
Charles University
2024
Czech Academy of Sciences
2007-2015
University of KwaZulu-Natal
2005-2012
Czech Academy of Sciences, Global Change Research Institute
2012
Sewanee: The University of the South
1998-2012
• Premise of the study: Both abiotic and biotic factors shape species distributions. Orchids produce minute seeds with few nutrient reserves, thus requiring mycorrhizal fungi for germination. Therefore, both environmental conditions distribution affect their germination success, but these ecological requirements congruence habitat preferences adults remain poorly understood. We investigated importance during in four forest orchid genus Epipactis . Methods: sowed three specialists one...
Summary Some orchids have been proposed to be B atesian floral mimics imitating flowers of sympatric rewarding species attract pollinators. It is not yet well understood which traits are critical for pollinator attraction, although colour, shape and scent all implicated. We conducted field‐based behavioural experiments using pairwise combinations plastic differing in spectral properties offered long‐proboscid tabanid flies ( P hiloliche aethiopica ) at two sites – one where the...
Summary For germination and establishment, orchids depend on carbon (C) nutrients supplied by mycorrhizal fungi. As adults, the majority of then appear to become autotrophic. To compare proportional C nitrogen (N) gain from fungi in mycoheterotrophic seedlings here we examined field N stable isotope compositions adults associated with ectomycorrhizal saprotrophic Using a new highly sensitive approach, measured four orchid species belonging different functional groups: fully partially narrow...
Summary Polyploidy is widely recognized as a major mechanism of sympatric speciation in plants, yet little known about its effects on interactions with other organisms. Mycorrhizal fungi are among the most common plant symbionts and play an important role nutrient supply. It remains to be understood whether mycorrhizal associations ploidy‐variable plants can ploidy‐specific. We examined three cytotypes (2x, 3x, 4x) G ymnadenia conopsea group ( O rchidaceae), involving G. s.s. densiflora , at...
In angiosperms, genome size and nucleobase composition (GC content) exhibit pronounced variation with possible adaptive consequences. The hyperdiverse orchid family possessing the unique phenomenon of partial endoreplication (PE) provides a great opportunity to search for interactions both genomic traits evolutionary history family. Using flow cytometry, we report values type 149 species compare these suite life-history climatic niche data using phylogeny-based statistics. evolution was...
Abstract Species extinctions undermine ecosystem functioning, with the loss of a small subset functionally important species having disproportionate impact. However, little is known about effects on plant-pollinator interactions. We addressed this issue in field experiment by removing plant highest visitation frequency, then measuring impact removal flower visitation, pollinator effectiveness and insect foraging several sites. Our results show that total decreased exponentially after 1–4...
Abstract Nuclear genome size is an inherited quantitative trait of eukaryotic organisms with both practical and biological consequences. A detailed analysis major families a promising approach to fully understand the meaning extensive variation in plants. Although Orchidaceae accounts for ∼10% angiosperm diversity, knowledge patterns dynamics their limited, part due difficulties flow cytometric analyses. Cells various somatic tissues orchids undergo endoreplication, either whole‐genome or...
Plant dependence on fungal carbon (mycoheterotrophy) evolved repeatedly. In orchids, it is connected with a mycorrhizal shift from rhizoctonia to ectomycorrhizal fungi and high natural (13)C (15)N abundance. Some green relatives of mycoheterotrophic species show identical trends, but most these remain unstudied, blurring our understanding evolution mycoheterotrophy. We analysed associations biomass content in two species, Neottia ovata N. cordata (tribe Neottieae), genus comprising nongreen...
One of the prerequisites for polyploid research in natural systems is knowledge geographical distribution cytotypes. Here inter- and intrapopulational ploidy diversity was examined Gymnadenia conopsea aggregate central Europe potential explanations evolutionary consequences observed spatial patterns investigated. DAPI flow cytometry supplemented by confirmatory chromosome counts used to determine 3581 samples G. from 43 populations. The fine-scale pattern cytotype (intra- interploidy...
Summary Some forest understorey plants recover carbon (C) not only from their own photosynthesis, but also mycorrhizal fungi colonizing roots. How these mixotrophic use the resources obtained and photosynthetic sources remains unknown. We investigated C allocation in perennial orchids genus Epipactis . Based on assumption that fungal biomass has high δ 13 N content, while lower we indirectly estimated respective contributions of two to various organs, at times over growth season. Fully...
Species-rich seminatural grasslands in Central Europe have suffered a dramatic loss of biodiversity due to conversion arable land, but vast areas are being restored. Population recovery orchids, which depend on mycorrhizal fungi for germination, is however limited. We hypothesised that ploughing and fertilisation caused shifts orchid communities soil restricted germination. examined edaphic conditions 60 restored grasslands, germination success 10 grasslands. Using newly designed primer, we...
Patterns of ploidy variation among and within populations can provide valuable insights into the evolutionary mechanisms shaping dynamics plant systems showing diversity. Whereas data on majority ploidies are, by definition, often sufficiently extensive, much less is known about incidence role minority cytotypes.
Abstract Vegetative dormancy, that is the temporary absence of aboveground growth for ≥ 1 year, paradoxical, because plants cannot photosynthesise or flower during dormant periods. We test ecological and evolutionary hypotheses its widespread persistence. show dormancy has evolved numerous times. Most species displaying exhibit life‐history costs sprouting, dormancy. Short‐lived mycoheterotrophic have higher proportions than long‐lived with other nutritional modes. Foliage loss associated...
ABSTRACT Motivation Pollinators play a crucial role in maintaining Earth's terrestrial biodiversity. However, rapid human‐induced environmental changes are compromising the long‐term persistence of plant‐pollinator interactions. Unfortunately, we lack robust, generalisable data capturing how communities structured across space and time. Here, present EuPPollNet (European Plant‐Pollinator Networks) database, fully open European‐level database containing harmonised taxonomic on interactions...