ABSTRACT The Semporna Priority Conservation Area (PCA), located on the southeast coast of Sabah, Malaysia, spans 7680 km 2 within Sulawesi Sea and is part Coral Triangle, known for its rich marine biodiversity. Despite ecological significance, area faces multiple anthropogenic threats. study aimed to (1) evaluate reef health by assessing live coral cover, indicator fish invertebrate density in six locations Semporna; (2) examine survey team's threat rankings with vulnerability factors...

<abstract><p>Strengthening the evaluation of teaching satisfaction plays a crucial role in guiding teachers to improve their quality and competence, as well aiding educational institutions formulation effective reforms plans. The process for is usually regarded typical multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) process, which inherently possesses uncertainty fuzziness due subjective nature human cognition. In order subtle discrimination information data enhance accuracy results, we...

Classroom teaching evaluation is one of the most important ways to improve quality mathematics education in higher education, and it also a group decision making problems. Meanwhile, there some uncertain information process evaluation. In order deal with this uncertainty classroom obtain reliable accurate result, an interval analytic hierarchy (I-AHP) employed. To begin with, modern tool named RTOP adapted make more consistent characteristics discipline. addition, approach built by using...

Understanding the tanker driver hazard awareness on chemical exposure is important to ensure that they are fortified with appropriate information regarding risk of their occupation. This present study was conducted determine petrol during transportation petroleum product. The assessment hazardous tank through questionnaire survey. Wherein, designed considering variables age driver, working experience, hours in a day and knowledge presence oil. A reliability test Cronbach's Alpha performed...

<abstract><p>Probabilistic linguistic terms set (PLTS), a new tool for expressing uncertain decision information, is composed of all possible (LTs) and their related probabilities. It also increases the corresponding probability LTs in hesitant fuzzy term (HFLTS). On other hand, aggregation operator an important information fusion tool, Maclaurin symmetric mean (MSM) can provide more flexibility robustness fusion, make it suitable solving MADM problems with independent...

In this paper, we deal with the application of Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iterative method for solving fuzzy Fredholm integral equations second kind (FFIE-2). addition to that, applythe trapezoidal rule derive approximate solution FFIE-2 which consists a system equations. Next, equation is used develop linear Then, consider SOR solve generated implemented on some numerical examples. Finally, results discussed in details by comparing number iterations, computational time, and Hausdorff...

In this study, we present the application of Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iterative method to solve fuzzy Fredholm integral equations second kind (FFIE-2). addition that, Simpson's 1/3 quadrature rule is applied derive approximate solution FFIE-2. Then, use equation generate a system linear equations. Next, SOR introduced generated Moreover, conduct some numerical examples illustrate applicability method. Finally, discuss efficiency proposed by comparing number iterations, computational...

The largest number of business establishments in Malaysia is micro and small businesses. Although businesses make a great contribution to the country’s economic development, they are vulnerable easily affected by any changes occurring within environment. Therefore, ensure survival Malaysia, various support programmes have been introduced government. It believed that conducive intervention programme significant ensuring survival, competitiveness growth However, effectiveness facilitating...

Control chart is a tool for detecting an out-of-control signal in statistical process control (SPC). It widely used monitoring order to detect changes mean or dispersion. This study aims illustrate the application of multivariate charts water quality at one treatments plants Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. The tested variables this are turbidity, pH value, dissolved oxygen (DO) and concentration ferum. Two charts, Hotelling’sT2 MCUSUM constructed under violation normality assumption. purpose effect...

Abstract Given highly imbalanced data, most learning algorithms face the challenge of accurately predicting rare events, while such cases are ones that carry importance and useful knowledge. In a binary class label dataset, events in minority class. This study used stroke dataset with imbalance ratio was 54:1. addition to that, contained missing values mixed data types. To identify intrinsic structures (the group), Random Forest Clustering produce proximity matrix fed Partition around Medoid...

Academic achievement is the degree to which students, educators, or organizations have attained their desired learning goals, whether short-term long-term. It provides evidence of institutional efficiency in producing knowledgeable, proficient, and marketable graduates. Understanding factors contributing students' success an important task not only for students lecturers but also higher institutions. This understanding serves as valuable input designing effective teaching, learning, student...

Any educational institution's success relies on academic performance, increasing interest in discovering factors associated with achievement. A greater understanding of this area might help to alleviate the high failure rates. This research aimed identify and determine indirect effects these students' performance. Several variables were considered study, including emotional intelligence, self-esteem, personality trait, socioeconomic status, such as parental education household income. The...

Initiating mastery of mathematics in primary school is pivotal for successful learning at higher levels. Multiple regression analysis stands as a cornerstone statistical methods modelling mathematical achievement. However, despite its prevalence, earlier studies often neglect to disclose the essential assumptions requisite effective multiple modelling. Moreover, impact variable selection on model generation and subsequent identification optimal remains insufficiently explored. Considering...

This study was conducted in the alluvial forest and heath lowland tropical of Sepilok Forest Reserve, Sabah, Malaysia. The main objective to assess how structure regulates rainfall partitioning both forests. Field monitoring involved a series inventory work determine stand characteristics. Mann Whitney U test performed compare physical characteristics between two Meanwhile quantified by measuring throughfall (Tf) for period 12 months ten (15 x 15 m) Tf plots simple linear regression obtain...

Seismic monitoring networks are the crucial elements in strong motion seismology for effective risk reduction. Low scale lateral variation of high intensity ground movement caused by earthquakes will be detected more effectively with densely located networks. However, limitations developing such project rooted expensive costs associated construction and installation addition to bulky size conventional seismic observation system. Recently, micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) has being...

High levels of particulate matter in the air, caused by air pollution from neighbouring countries, have always been a major problem Malaysia. For many years, Malaysia has experienced hazy atmosphere due to high (PM10) regional biomass burning and other human activities. This study aims analyse changes PM10 over time Malaysian Borneo. Data collected quality monitoring stations 10-year period (2006-2016) were obtained Department Environment (DOE). Statistical analyses conducted using Mann...

Evaluation of teaching quality is an essential part classroom teaching. The key to evaluation choose appropriate tool and assign reasonable weights its indexes. This study chooses reformed observation protocol (RTOP) as instrument measure the relative importance RTOP factors in mathematical courses. To achieve this goal, index method was adopted determine values among items. indexes were ranked according values. sample consisted 30 mathematics teachers students. All greater than 0.5, which...