A5028492580- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Neuroscience and Music Perception
- Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Platelet Disorders and Treatments
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Hemophilia Treatment and Research
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Neural Networks and Applications
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Coagulation, Bradykinin, Polyphosphates, and Angioedema
- Blind Source Separation Techniques
- Blood properties and coagulation
- Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
- Complement system in diseases
- Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
- Blood groups and transfusion
National Institute of Mental Health
2011-2023
United States Department of Health and Human Services
2005-2023
National Institutes of Health
2010-2019
Cielo Institute
2011
University of Pittsburgh
2010
National Institute of Mental Health
2006
Ospedale Maggiore
1992-2004
University of Milan
1977-2004
Ospedale San Paolo
2004
University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
2002
<h3>Background</h3> Cognitive dysfunction in the working memory domain seems to be under genetic control and is a candidate intermediate phenotype schizophrenia. Genes that affect processing may contribute risk for <h3>Methods</h3> Working attentional were assessed large unselected sample of schizophrenic patients, their healthy siblings, controls(N = 250). We used n-back task because it allows parametric analysis over increasing loads delays parsing subcomponents executive cognition memory,...
The human brain's capacity for cognitive function is thought to depend on coordinated activity in sparsely connected, complex networks organized over many scales of space and time. Recent work has demonstrated that brain constructed from neuroimaging data have economical small-world properties confer high efficiency information processing at relatively low connection cost. However, it been unclear how the architecture functioning different frequencies can be related behavioral performance...
What constitutes normal cortical dynamics in healthy human subjects is a major question systems neuroscience. Numerous vitro and vivo animal studies have shown that ongoing or resting are characterized by cascades of activity across many spatial scales, termed neuronal avalanches. In experiment theory, avalanche identified two measures: (1) power law the size distribution with an exponent −3/2 (2) branching parameter critical value 1, reflecting balanced propagation at border premature...
Dysfunction of monoamine uptake mechanisms has been implicated in the pathogenesis alcohol dependence. The authors explored whether serotonergic dysfunction is associated with anxiety and depression, which increase risk relapse alcoholics.The availability serotonin dopamine transporters 22 male alcoholics 13 healthy volunteers was measured use [123I] beta-CIT single photon emission computed tomography, psychopathological correlates were assessed.A significant reduction (a mean about 30%)...
To explore the role of monoamines on cerebral function during specific prefrontal cognitive activation, we conducted a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study effects 0.25 mg/kg oral dextroamphetamine regional blood flow (rCBF) as determined by 133Xe dynamic single-photon emission-computed tomography (SPECT) performance Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and sensorimotor control task. Ten patients with chronic schizophrenia who had been stabilized for at least 6 weeks 0.4 haloperidol...
Thromboembolic phenomena have been described in patients with thalassaemia intermedia and major, although there are relatively few epidemiological data on the overall frequency of these complications. To obtain more insight into risk mechanism venous thromboembolism thalassaemia, aims this study were: (i) to establish retrospectively prevalence thromboembolic events a large group adults major during follow up period 10 years; (ii) measure subgroups sensitive markers activation coagulation...
Tourette syndrome, a chronic tic disorder with autosomal dominant inheritance, exhibits considerable phenotypic variability even within monozygotic twin pairs. The origins of this remain unclear. Recent findings have implicated the caudate nucleus as locus pathology, and pharmacological evidence supports dopaminergic involvement. Within twins discordant for syndrome severity, differences in D2 dopamine receptor binding head predicted severity (r = 0.99); relation was not observed putamen....
It has been suggested that increased variability of prefrontal physiological responses may represent a fundamental mechanism underlying frontal lobe deficits in schizophrenia. Increased response ("noise") is thought to result from impaired phase resetting stimulus-induced dynamic changes ongoing rhythmic oscillations (field potentials) generated the apical dendrites pyramidal neurons. In present study, authors explored whether this particular abnormality predicts working memory performance...
Postmortem studies have implicated the central muscarinic acetylcholine system in schizophrenia. However, receptor availability has not previously been studied vivo. Using [I-123]iodoquinuclidinyl benzilate ([(123)I]IQNB) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), authors sought to compare vivo unmedicated patients with schizophrenia and normal subjects.Twelve medication-free underwent an [(123)I]IQNB SPECT scan during approximate-equilibrium conditions. A group of 10 age-...
Article abstract—Although the pathologic substrate of Tourette's syndrome (TS) is unknown, studies have implicated subtle changes in basal ganglia. To further investigate structural ganglia pathology TS, we performed morphometric analyses MRIs 10 monozygotic twin pairs discordant for severity TS but concordant presence tic disorders (mean age, 16.3 years; range, 9 to 31 years). Right caudate volume was slightly significantly reduced relatively more severely affected twins as a group compared...
Efficient visuomotor behavior depends on integrated processing by the visual and motor systems of cerebral cortex. Yet, many previous cortical neurophysiology studies have examined modalities in isolation, largely ignoring questions large-scale cross-modal integration. To address this issue, we analyzed event-related local field potentials simultaneously recorded from multiple visual, motor, executive sites monkeys performing a pattern discrimination task. The timing location four aspects...
What makes us become aware? A popular hypothesis is that if cortical neurons fire in synchrony at a certain frequency band (gamma), we aware of what they are representing. We tested this adopting brain-imaging techniques with good spatiotemporal resolution and frequency-specific information. Specifically, examined the degree to which increases event-related synchronization (ERS) gamma were associated awareness stimulus (its detectability) and/or emotional content stimulus. observed ERS...
Abstract Objective: The “default network” represents a baseline condition of brain function and is interest in schizophrenia research because its component regions are believed to be aberrant the disorder. We hypothesized that magnetoencephalographic (MEG) source localization analysis would reveal abnormal resting activity within particular frequency bands schizophrenia. Experimental Design: Eyes‐closed state MEG signals were collected for two comparison groups. Patients with ( N = 38)...