A5077866765- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Radiology practices and education
- Medical Image Segmentation Techniques
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Medical Imaging and Analysis
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
- Image Enhancement Techniques
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Cerebrovascular and genetic disorders
- Clinical Laboratory Practices and Quality Control
- Moyamoya disease diagnosis and treatment
Einstein Healthcare Network
2025
University of Pennsylvania Health System
2025
University of Pennsylvania
2017-2024
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
2019-2024
Friedrich Schiller University Jena
2021
Penn Center for AIDS Research
2021
University of California, San Francisco
2020-2021
Radiology Associates
2020
University College London
2019
University of Washington
2011
CTCF is an architectural protein with a critical role in connecting higher-order chromatin folding pluripotent stem cells. Recent reports have suggested that binding more dynamic during development than previously appreciated. Here, we set out to understand the extent which shifts genome-wide occupancy contribute 3D reconfiguration of fine-scale early neural lineage commitment. Unexpectedly, observe sharp decrease transition from naïve/primed pluripotency multipotent primary progenitor cells...
Background Although artificial intelligence (AI) shows promise across many aspects of radiology, the use AI to create differential diagnoses for rare and common diseases at brain MRI has not been demonstrated. Purpose To evaluate an system generation compared with radiologists. Materials Methods This retrospective study tested performance probabilistic diagnosis in patients 19 acquired between January 2008 2018. The combines data-driven domain-expertise methodologies, including deep learning...
Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) are a common cause of decline, yet limited therapies exist. This cerebrovascular disease results in neurodegeneration via acute, chronic, local, systemic mechanisms. The etiology VCID is complex, with significant impact from atherosclerosis. Risk factors including hypercholesterolemia hypertension promote intracranial atherosclerotic carotid artery stenosis (CAS), which disrupt cerebral blood flow trigger ischemic strokes...
In computational cognitive modeling, capturing the full spectrum of human judgment and decision-making processes, beyond just optimal behaviors, is a significant challenge. This study explores whether Large Language Models (LLMs) can emulate breadth reasoning by predicting both intuitive, fast System 1 deliberate, slow 2 processes. We investigate potential AI to mimic diverse behaviors across population, addressing what we call {\em problem}. designed tasks using novel generalization Natural...
Most brain lesions are characterized by hyperintense signal on FLAIR. We sought to develop an automated deep learning-based method for segmentation of abnormalities FLAIR and volumetric quantification clinical MRIs across many pathologic entities scanning parameters. evaluated the performance algorithm compared with manual existing methods.
Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is defined by amyloid (A) and tau (T) pathologies, with T better correlated to neurodegeneration (N). However, N have complex regional relationships in part related non-AD factors that influence N. With machine learning, we assessed heterogeneity 18 F-flortaucipir vs. F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography as markers of neuronal hypometabolism (N M ) 289 symptomatic patients from the Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. We identified six T/N clusters...
MRI allows brain anatomy to be examined at high resolution and link pathology measures with morphometric measurements. However, automated segmentation methods for mapping in postmortem are not well developed, primarily due limited availability of labeled datasets, heterogeneity scanner hardware acquisition protocols. In this work, we present a high-resolution dataset 135 human tissue specimens imaged 0.3 mm
Tau neurofibrillary tangles (T) are the primary driver of downstream neurodegeneration (N) and subsequent cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, there is substantial variability T-N relationship - manifested higher or lower atrophy than expected for level tau a given brain region. The goal this study was to determine if region-based quantitation allows identification underlying modulatory factors, including polypathology.Cortical thickness 18 F-Flortaucipir SUVR were...
Cholesterol is stored as cholesteryl esters by the enzymes acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferases/sterol O:acyltransferases (ACATs/SOATs). ACAT1 blockade (A1B) ameliorates pro-inflammatory responses of macrophages to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and cholesterol loading. However, mediators involved in transmitting effects A1B immune cells unknown. Microglial Acat1/Soat1 expression elevated many neurodegenerative diseases acute neuroinflammation. We evaluated LPS-induced neuroinflammation...
To gauge the safety and utility of extended tecovirimat/cidofovir for severe mpox, here we report our experience caring 4 patients with mpox advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at Hospitals University Pennsylvania during 2022 global outbreak. Three had recurrent courses complicated by superinfections, coinfections insufficient nutrition/housing, requiring tecovirimat (5-16 weeks) cidofovir (1-12 doses) probenecid fluids. At follow-up, undetectable HIV RNA on antiretrovirals, improved...
To develop and validate a system that could perform automated diagnosis of common rare neurologic diseases involving deep gray matter on clinical brain MRI studies. In this retrospective study, multimodal scans from 212 patients (mean age, 55 years ± 17 [standard deviation]; 113 women) with 35 normal obtained between January 2008 2018 were included (110 in the training set, 102 test set). 178 48 17; 106 used to supplement neural networks. Three-dimensional convolutional networks atlas-based...
Abstract INTRODUCTION Variability in relationship of tau‐based neurofibrillary tangles (T) and neurodegeneration (N) Alzheimer's disease (AD) arises from non‐specific nature N, modulated by non‐AD co‐pathologies, age‐related changes, resilience factors. METHODS We used regional T‐N residual patterns to partition 184 patients within the continuum into data‐driven groups. These were compared with groups 159 (amyloid “negative”) partitioned using cortical thickness, 98 ante mortem MRI post...
Abstract Among the causes of ambulatory dysfunction, Lyme polyradiculitis is an uncommon but still essential etiology to consider given its simple, effective treatment. We present a case man with one month worsening bilateral leg paresis, paresthesia, and pain. He recalled no erythema migrans or tick bite. Initial screening showed negative serum positive Epstein Barr Virus testing. At our hospital, magnetic resonance imaging revealed cauda equina nerve root enhancement. Subsequent...
Dietary intake provides valuable information for understanding the relationship between diet and health. Valid measurement of food volume is one most challenging problems in nutrient studies. Computer vision techniques have been used better evaluation dietary intake. In this paper, we propose a mobile structured light system (SLS) to measure daily Our consists smartphone laser attachment. The attachment projects grids on grid video acquired by camera phone. We apply our algorithm identify...
Purpose To assess how well a brain MRI lesion segmentation algorithm trained at one institution performed another institution, and to the effect of multi-institutional training datasets for mitigating performance loss. Materials Methods In this retrospective study, three-dimensional U-Net abnormality was on data from 293 patients (IN1) (median age, 54 years; 165 women; treated between 2008 2018) tested 51 second (IN2) 46 27 2003 2019). The model then additional various sources: (a) 285...
Background Neuroinflammation is a well-known feature of early Alzheimer disease (AD) yet astrocyte activation has not been extensively evaluated with in vivo imaging mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to amyloid plaque pathology. Unlike neurons, astrocytes metabolize acetate, which potential as glial biomarker neurodegeneration response AD pathologic features. Since the medial temporal lobe (MTL) hotspot for and inflammation, we assessed activity MTL compared it cognition. Methods We...
Abstract Background Cholesterol is essential for growth and maintenance of mammalian cells. It stored as cholesteryl esters by the enzymes acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferases 1 & 2 (ACAT 2) (Sterol O-acyltransferase 2; SOATs in GenBank). ACAT1 blockade (A1B) macrophages ameliorates various pro-inflammatory responses elicited lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or cholesterol loading. In mouse human brains, Acat1 expression dominates over Acat2 elevated many neurodegenerative diseases acute...