A5017588392- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Viral-associated cancers and disorders
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life
- Gastrointestinal Bleeding Diagnosis and Treatment
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Aging, Elder Care, and Social Issues
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Organ Transplantation Techniques and Outcomes
Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis
2016-2025
Indiana University School of Medicine
2016-2025
Moi University
2008-2020
Indiana University
2006-2020
AMPATH
2009-2020
University of Toronto
2020
3M (United States)
2020
Makerere University
2016
Kenya Medical Research Institute
2016
United States Agency for International Development
2008-2011
This article reports on a prevalence study of dementia and Alzheimer's disease among two groups subjects with the same ethnic background but widely differing environments.The was conducted residents aged 65 years older in communities: Yorubas (N = 2,494) living Ibadan, Nigeria, African Americans 2,212 community N 106 nursing homes) Indianapolis, Indiana. The design consisted screening stage followed by clinical assessment for selected basis their performance tests.The age-adjusted rates...
ContextAlzheimer disease (AD) represents a major and increasing public health problem. If populations were identified with significantly lower or higher incidence rates of AD, the search for risk factors in genesis AD could be greatly enhanced.ObjectiveTo compare dementia 2 diverse, elderly community-dwelling populations.DesignThe Indianapolis-Ibadan Dementia Project, longitudinal, prospective population-based study consisting baseline survey (1992-1993) subsequent follow-up waves after...
<b><i>Background:</i></b> The epidemiology and natural history of cognitive impairment that is not dementia important to the understanding normal aging dementia. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To determine prevalence outcome in an elderly African American population. <b><i>Method:</i></b> A two-phase, longitudinal study total 2212 community-dwelling residents Indianapolis, IN, aged 65 older were screened, a subset (n = 351) received full clinical assessment diagnosis. Subsets clinically assessed...
OBJECTIVE : To describe the prevalence and 9‐month incidence of depressive symptoms among a cohort elderly primary care patients to determine whether different patterns depression are associated with health services use. DESIGN Prospective study as measured by Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES‐D) scale identification patients' outpatient use through an electronic medical record system. SETTING An academic group practice at urban ambulatory clinic. PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS 1711...
To determine the clinical and immunological outcomes of a cohort HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy.Retrospective study prospectively collected data from consecutively enrolled adult in eight HIV clinics western Kenya.CD4 cell counts, weight, mortality, loss to follow-up adherence therapy were for 2059 HIV-positive non-pregnant treated with drugs between November 2001 February 2005.Median duration after initiation was 40 weeks (95% confidence interval, 38-43); 111 (5.4%)...
To explore the relationship between age, education, and occupation with dementia among African Americans.Community-based survey to identify subjects without evidence of cognitive impairment subsequent diagnostic evaluation a stratified sample these using formal criteria for dementia.Urban neighborhoods in Indianapolis, Ind.A random 2212 Americans aged 65 years older residing 29 contiguous census tracts.Subjects's scores on Community Screening Instrument Dementia (CSI-D), clinical assessments...
Abstract As part of a community‐based study Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the African‐American population age 65 and over, we have determined apolipoprotein E (Apo E) genotypes 85 subjects (31 AD patients 54 controls). The €4 allele Apo was strongly associated with this sample. € frequency 40.3% compared 13.9% control group, 22.6% were homozygous for 3.7% ( p = 0.01). This extends association E‐∈4 to nonwhite populations provides further evidence that observed allelic is biologically relevant.
Americans living in poverty experience a higher incidence of and greater mortality from cancer than the nonpoor. At least 50% difference is believed to be due delay diagnosis, although risk-promoting lifestyles behaviors also contribute decreased survival. A potential exacerbating factor among poor inadequate information knowledge about its treatment. Interviews were conducted with 128 patients socioeconomically disadvantaged population assess treatment evaluate care-seeking behaviors....
Objectives: Determine outcome differences between orphaned and non-orphaned children receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Design: Retrospective review of prospectively recorded electronic data. Setting: Nine HIV clinics in western Kenya. Population: 279 on ART enrolled August 2002 February 2005. Main Measures: Orphan status, CD4%, sex- age-adjusted height (HAZ) weight (WAZ) z scores, adherence, mortality. Results: Median follow-up was 34 months. Cohort included 51% males 54% orphans. At...
Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of HIV care treatment programs is impacted by losses to follow-up (LTFU) in the patient population. The severity this effect undeniable but its extent unknown. Tracing all lost patients addresses census methods are not feasible involving rapid scale-up developing world. Sampling-based approaches statistical adjustment only scaleable permitting accurate estimation M&E indices.In a large antiretroviral therapy (ART) program western Kenya, we assessed impact LTFU...
To compare rates of mother to child transmission HIV and infant survival in women-infant dyads receiving different interventions a prevention Mother Child Transmission (pMTCT) program western Kenya.Retrospective cohort study using prospectively collected data stored an electronic medical record system.Eighteen clinics Kenya.HIV-exposed infants enrolled between February 2002 July 2007, at any the United States Agency for International Development-Academic Model Providing Access Healthcare...
Objective To determine the impact of routine care (RC) and integrated family planning (IFP) HIV service on (FP) uptake pregnancy outcomes. Design Retrospective cohort study conducted between October 10, 2005, February 28, 2009. Setting United States Agency for International Development—Academic Model Providing Access Healthcare (USAID-AMPATH) in western Kenya. Subjects Records adult HIV-infected women. Intervention Integration FP into one teams. Primary Outcomes Measures Incidence methods...
Objective To provide estimates of mortality among HIV-infected patients starting combination antiretroviral therapy. Methods We report on the death rates from 122 925 adult aged 15 years or older East, Southern and West Africa, Asia Pacific Latin America. use two methods to adjust for biases in estimation resulting loss follow-up, based double-sampling applied patient outreach (Kenya) linkage with vital registries (South Africa), apply these other three regions. Age, gender CD4 count at...
Losses to follow-up (LTFU) remain an important programmatic challenge. While numerous patient-level factors have been associated with LTFU, less is known about facility-level factors. Data from the East African International epidemiologic Databases Evaluate AIDS (EA-IeDEA) Consortium was used identify LTFU in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. Patients were defined as if they had no visit within 12 months of study endpoint for pre-ART patients or 6 on ART. Adjusting patient factors, shared frailty...
In resource-limited areas, such as sub-Saharan Africa, problems in accurate cancer case ascertainment and enumeration of the at-risk population make it difficult to estimate incidence. We took advantage a large well-enumerated healthcare system incidence Kaposi sarcoma (KS), which has become prominent HIV era whose may be changing with rollout antiretroviral therapy (ART). To achieve this, we evaluated HIV-infected adults receiving care between 2007 2012 at any three medical centers Kenya...
Interruptions in treatment pose risks for people with HIV (PWH) and threaten progress ending the epidemic; however, COVID-19 pandemic's impact on service delivery across diverse settings is not broadly documented.
Visuoconstructional ability is an important domain for assessment in dementia. Use of graphomotor measures dominate this area; however, participants with low education produce results that cannot be easily interpreted. Our objective was to develop and validate a nongraphomotor visuoconstructional use dementia evaluations persons or no education. In longitudinal, population-based study among Yoruba residents Ibadan, Nigeria aged 65 years older, underwent clinical battery cognitive tests...
Uncertainty about the outcome of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding often results in a longer-than-necessary hospital stay.We derived and internally validated clinical prediction rules (CPRs) to predict from bleeding. This multisite, prospective cohort study involved consecutive patients admitted for Multivariate logistic regression was used derive CPRs on two thirds (derivation set) that predicted bleeding-specific outcomes (rebleeding, need urgent surgery, or death [poor 1]) plus new...
East Africa has experienced a rapid expansion in access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV-infected patients. Regionally representative socio-demographic, laboratory and clinical characteristics of patients accessing ART over time across sites have not been well described.We conducted cross-sectional analysis adults initiating between 2002 2009 Kenya, Uganda Tanzania the International Epidemiologic Databases Evaluate AIDS Consortium. Characteristics associated with advanced disease...
Introduction The objective of this analysis was to identify points disruption within the prevention mother‐to‐child transmission (PMTCT) continuum from combination antiretroviral therapy (CART) initiation until delivery. Methods To address objective, electronic medical records all antiretroviral‐naïve adult pregnant women who were initiating CART for PMTCT between January 2006 and February 2009 Academic Model Providing Access Healthcare (AMPATH), western Kenya, reviewed. Outcomes interest...
To describe patterns of suboptimal immune recovery (SO-IR) and associated HIV-related-illnesses during the first 5 years following first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation across seven ART sites in East Africa.