A5004272128- Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques
- Fuel Cells and Related Materials
- Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
- Copper-based nanomaterials and applications
- Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films
- ZnO doping and properties
- Semiconductor materials and devices
- TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells
- Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials
- Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors
- Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties
- Ga2O3 and related materials
- Conducting polymers and applications
- Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
- Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
- Iron oxide chemistry and applications
- Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
- solar cell performance optimization
- Polyoxometalates: Synthesis and Applications
- Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems
- Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction
- Semiconductor materials and interfaces
- GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials
- Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition
- Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
2009-2018
Council of Science Editors
2014
Film Independent
2014
University of Toronto
2004
Air Products (United States)
1999
Portland VA Medical Center
1990
University of Delaware
1986
Weizmann Institute of Science
1985
University of Colorado Boulder
1985
Colorado State University
1977
Identifying and building a sustainable energy system are perhaps two of the most critical issues that today's society must address. Replacing our current carrier mix with fuel is one key pieces in system. Hydrogen as an carrier, primarily derived from water, can address sustainability, environmental emissions, security. Issues relating to hydrogen production pathways addressed here. Future systems require money build. Given United States has finite supply both, hard decisions be made about...
Direct water electrolysis was achieved with a novel, integrated, monolithic photoelectrochemical-photovoltaic design. This photoelectrochemical cell, which is voltage biased an integrated photovoltaic device, splits directly upon illumination; light the only energy input. The hydrogen production efficiency of this system, based on short-circuit current and lower heating value hydrogen, 12.4 percent.
The ability of renewable resources to provide all society's energy needs is shown by using the United States as an example. Various systems are presented, and issues payback, carbon dioxide abatement, storage addressed. Pathways for hydrogen generation shown, implementation technologies into infrastructure presented. question asked, Should money be spent on sequestration, or should implemented instead.
The U.S. Department of Energy and the National Renewable Laboratory are developing technologies to produce hydrogen from renewable, sustainable sources. A cost goal $2.00–$3.00 kg−1 has been identified as range at which delivered becomes competitive with gasoline for passenger vehicles. Electrolysis water is a standard commercial technology producing hydrogen. Using wind solar resources electricity process creates renewable system. Biomass-to-hydrogen processes, including gasification,...
A cobalt-phosphate based oxygen evolution catalyst (Co-Pi OEC) was electrochemically deposited onto the surface of a porous bismuth vanadate electrode doped with 2 atom% Mo (BiV0.98Mo0.02O4). The BiV0.98Mo0.02O4electrode prepared using surfactant assisted metal–organic decomposition technique at 500 °C. comparison photocurrent–voltage characteristics BiV0.98Mo0.02O4electrodes and without presence Co-Pi demonstrated that enhanced anodic photocurrent its effect more pronounced lower...
Here, we propose general strategies for the rational design of semiconductors to simultaneously meet all requirements a high-efficiency, solar-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting device. As case study, apply our engineering popular semiconductor, anatase ${\text{TiO}}_{2}$. Previous attempts modify known such as ${\text{TiO}}_{2}$ have often focused on particular individual criterion band gap, neglecting possible detrimental consequence other important criteria....
Electrolysis converts electrical energy into chemical by storing electrons in the form of stable bonds. The can be used as a fuel or converted back to electricity when needed. Water electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen is well-established technology, whereas fundamental advances CO 2 are still needed enable short-term seasonal storage liquid fuels. This paper discusses electrolytic reactions that potentially renewable storage, including water, N electrolysis. Recent progress major obstacles...
Sunlight absorption within the electrolyte impacts performance and design of high-efficiency tandem PEC devices as evidenced by detailed balance calculations.
The intrinsic and extrinsic doping properties of BiVO${}_{4}$, i.e., the formation energies transition energy levels defects impurities, have been studied systematically by first-principles density-functional theory. We find that for caused defects, O vacancies are shallow donors Bi acceptors. However, these compensate each other can only lead to moderate $n$-type $p$-type conductivities at Bi-rich O-rich growth conditions, respectively. To obtain BiVO${}_{4}$ with high conductivities, which...
Abstract A bipolar plate is one of the most important components in a polymer exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack and has multiple functions. Metallic candidates have advantages over composite rivals excellent electrical thermal conductivity, good mechanical strength, high chemical stability, very wide alloy choices, low cost and, importantly, existing pathways for high‐volume, high‐speed mass production. The challenges with metallic plates are higher contact resistance possible...
A systematic study of nine binary and ternary spinel oxides formed from Co, Al, Fe is presented by means density functional theory. Analysis the structural, magnetic, electronic properties through series materials carried out. Preference for octahedral sites are found in order $\mathrm{Fe}<\mathrm{Co}<\mathrm{Al}$. The band gaps ${\mathrm{Co}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ shown to remain largely unchanged as Al substituted into lattice forming...
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSquare wave voltammetry at the dropping mercury electrode: theoryJ. H. Christie, John A. Turner, and R. OsteryoungCite this: Anal. Chem. 1977, 49, 13, 1899–1903Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50021a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50021a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle...
We report on the crystallinity and photoelectrochemical (PEC) response of ZnO thin films codoped by Ga N. The ZnO:(Ga,N) were deposited cosputtering at room temperature followed postannealing 500°C in air for 2h. found that exhibited significantly enhanced compared to doped solely with N same growth conditions. Furthermore, incorporation over high temperatures. As a result, achieved dramatically improved PEC response, any Our results suggest general way improve wide-band-gap oxides.
BiVO(4)/CuWO(4) heterojunction electrodes were prepared using spray deposition of a highly porous bismuth vanadate film onto the surface an electrodeposited three dimensional network connected copper tungstate. Bilayer BiVO(4)/CuWO(4)/fluorine doped tin oxide glass (FTO) demonstrated higher photocurrent magnitudes than either with BiVO(4)/FTO or CuWO(4)/FTO in 1.0 M Na(2)SO(4) electrolyte buffered at pH 7. The is enhanced by formation that aids charge carrier collection brought about band...
Charge separation viewed in reflection When light strikes a semiconductor, excited electrons travel across the interface. Y. Yang et al. applied ultrafast spectroscopy to probe this process gallium indium phosphide system used for hydrogen generation from water (see Perspective by Hansen ). Platinum and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) coatings enhanced charge of positive holes they left behind. TiO , however, was more effective at suppressing reverse unproductive recombination. Science issue p....
Uncontrolled spectral mismatch of laboratory light sources and inappropriate area definitions induce vast inaccuracies for solar-to-hydrogen efficiency measurement reporting.
The first successful deposition of mesoporous vanadium oxide films and their application as high-rate cathode materials for lithium batteries are described in this communication. novel electrochemical process developed the preparation these makes use non-ionic surfactant templates. Figure illustrates mesoporosity material.