A5038547193- earthquake and tectonic studies
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Seismology and Earthquake Studies
- Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Ancient Mediterranean Archaeology and History
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Archaeology and Historical Studies
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Ancient Egypt and Archaeology
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods
- Geophysical Methods and Applications
- Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques
- Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Fusion materials and technologies
- Graphene research and applications
- Building materials and conservation
École Normale Supérieure - PSL
2015-2024
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2015-2024
Laboratoire de Géologie de l’École Normale Supérieure
2015-2024
Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
2016-2024
École Normale Supérieure
2016-2024
Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS
2014-2023
École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay
2019
Laboratoire de Géographie Physique
2019
Université de Bordeaux
2010-2011
Abstract Intermediate-depth earthquakes (30–300 km) have been extensively documented within subducting oceanic slabs, but their mechanics remains enigmatic. Here we decipher the mechanism of these by performing deformation experiments on dehydrating serpentinized peridotites (synthetic antigorite-olivine aggregates, minerals representative subduction zones lithologies) at upper mantle conditions. At a pressure 1.1 gigapascals, dehydration deforming samples containing only 5 vol% antigorite...
Abstract We report macroscopic stick‐slip events in saw‐cut Westerly granite samples deformed under controlled upper crustal stress conditions the laboratory. Experiments were conducted triaxial loading ( σ 1 > 2 = 3 ) at confining pressures ranging from 10 to 100 MPa. A high‐frequency acoustic monitoring array recorded particle acceleration during allowing us estimate rupture speed. In addition, we record drop dynamically and show that dynamic measured locally close fault plane is almost...
Chars are useful proxies in many disciplines such as the geosciences and archaeology. Raman spectrometry is frequently used characterization of materials. However, when they ancient potentially altered, chars have particularity being oxidized, which can strongly disturb spectra seriously distort their interpretation. In this study, we highlight parameters affected by oxidative weathering based on comparisons between experimental chars, vegetal animal origin. This makes it possible to...
The mechanical properties of serpentinites are key factors in our understanding the dynamics earthquake ruptures subduction zones, especially intermediate-depth earthquakes. Here, we performed shear rupture experiments on natural antigorite serpentinite, which showed that friction reaches near-zero values during spontaneous dynamic propagation. Rapid coseismic slip (>1 m/s), although it occurs over short distances (<1 mm), induces significant overheating microscale asperities along sliding...
Abstract Northwest Africa 7533, a polymict Martian breccia, consists of fine‐grained clast‐laden melt particles and microcrystalline matrix. While both matrix contain medium‐grained noritic‐monzonitic material crystal clasts, the also contains lithic clasts with zoned pigeonite augite plus two feldspars, microbasaltic vitrophyric spherules, shards. The rocks clump‐like aggregates orthopyroxene surrounded by aureoles plagioclase. Some shards vesicular resemble pyroxene‐plagioclase...
The search for indisputable traces of life in Archean cherts is prime importance. However, their great age and metamorphic history pose constraints on the study molecular biomarkers. We propose a quantitative criterion to document thermal maturity organic matter rocks general, particular. This definitively required select best candidates seeking non-altered sample remnants life. Analysis chemical (Raman spectroscopy, (13)C NMR, elemental analysis) structural (HRTEM) features non-Archean...
Charcoal and micro-layers of soot trapped in speleothems from the inner galleries Nerja Cave were analysed through an interdisciplinary study. The absolute dating prehistoric subterranean activity cave identification different phases visits to deep parts are presented discussed. charcoal analysis includes anthracological SEM-EDX. optical microscopy, Raman spectroscopy TEM-EDX, microcounting microlayers. 14C 53 charcoals identified 12 between 41,218 3299 cal. BP, putting back origin human...
Abstract The quartz α → β transition is a displacive phase associated with significant change in elastic properties. However, the properties of at high‐pressure and temperature remain poorly constrained experimentally, particularly within field ‐quartz. Here, we conducted an experimental study on during which P‐wave velocities were measured in‐situ pressure (from 0.5 to 1.25 GPa) (200–900°C) conditions continental lower crust. Experiments carried out samples microcrystalline material (grain...
Abstract During an earthquake, part of the released elastic strain energy is dissipated within slip zone by frictional and fracturing processes, rest being radiated away via waves. While heating plays a key role in budget earthquakes, it could not be resolved seismological data up to now. Here we investigate dynamics laboratory earthquakes measuring heat during propagation shear instabilities at stress conditions typical seismogenic depths. We estimate complete earthquake rupture demonstrate...
Abstract Radon‐222, a radioactive gas naturally produced in the Earth's crust, informs us about migration of fluids and is sometimes considered as potential earthquake precursor. Here we investigate effects mechanical thermal damage on radon emanation from various granites representative upper crust. Radon concentration measurements performed under triaxial stress pore fluid pressure show that resulting cycles differential intensifies release up to 170 ± 22% when sample ruptures. This peak...
Nanoseismological analyses on labquakes under controlled conditions shed new lights mechanisms of deep-focus earthquakes.
Interaction of H2S and basaltic rocks in volcanic geothermal areas can originate from natural up-flow magmatic fluids or artificial re-injection relation to exploitation, both causing pyrite mineralization. We study the possibility track these processes with electrical impedance field measurements. Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) Time-Domain Induced Polarization (TDIP) measurements were performed along thirteen 1.24 km long profiles, at three different sites around eastern caldera...
Abstract A major part of the seismicity striking Mediterranean area and other regions worldwide is hosted in carbonate rocks. Recent examples are destructive earthquakes L’Aquila (Mw 6.1) 2009 Norcia 6.5) 2016 central Italy. Surprisingly, within this region, fast (≈3 km/s) seismic ruptures coexist with slow (≤10 m/s) nondestructive rupture phenomena. Despite its relevance for hazard studies, transition from fault creep to propagation still poorly constrained by seismological laboratory...