A5024887120- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Income, Poverty, and Inequality
- Urban and Rural Development Challenges
- Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies
- Health Policy Implementation Science
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- School Health and Nursing Education
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Climate Change Communication and Perception
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases
- Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Health, psychology, and well-being
- Mental Health and Patient Involvement
- Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
- Energy and Environment Impacts
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Environmental Justice and Health Disparities
Bielefeld University
2022-2025
Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) poses a major threat to public health worldwide, particularly in low-income countries. The current long (20 month) and arduous treatment regime uses powerful drugs with side-effects that include mental ill-health. It has high loss-to-follow-up (25%) higher case fatality lower cure-rates than those drug sensitive (TB). While some national TB programmes provide small financial allowances patients, other aspects of psychosocial ill-health, including...
Background and objectives People receiving treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) have high rates of depression. Psychosocial support in general, treatments depression particular, form an important but neglected area patient-centred care, a key pillar the global End TB strategy. We assessed feasibility acceptability psychosocial package people MDR-TB Nepal. Methods This study used mixed quantitative qualitative approach. implemented intervention two National Tuberculosis...
Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are disproportionately impacted by interacting epidemics of tuberculosis (TB) tobacco consumption. Research indicates behavioural support delivered health workers effectively promotes cessation. There is, however, a paucity training to LMIC deliver effective cessation support. The TB Tobacco Consortium undertook research in South Asia understand factors affecting workers' delivery support, subsequently developed package for LMICs. Using the...
Introduction: Offering tobacco cessation interventions to TB patients is highly desirable due the interaction between and use potential benefits of quitting. However, implementing such in programmes remains a challenge an under-researched area. Using two initiatives implement within Nepal Pakistan as case studies, we describe these challenges highlight lessons learnt process. Methods: We first conducted documentary review all published unpublished reports including relevant qualitative...
Background Communities in urban slums face multiple risks to their health. These are shaped by intermediary and structural determinants. Gaining a clear understanding of these determinants is prerequisite for developing interventions reduce the health consequences poverty. With 828 million people living slum conditions, need find ways has never been greater. In many low income settings, kitchen epicentre activities behaviours which either undermine or enhance Methods We used qualitative...
By 2030, 80 % of the annual 8.3 million deaths attributable to tobacco will be in low-income countries (LICs). Yet, services support people quit are not part routine primary care LICs. This study explored challenges implementing a behavioural (BS) intervention promote cessation within Nepal. The used qualitative and quantitative methods an action research approach three health centres (PHCCs) two districts Before implementation, 21 patient interviews focus groups with workers informed...
Climate change poses a global challenge with severe adverse implications for human health [1].The biggest burden of climate disproportionately affects disadvantaged populations; both globally, such as inhabitants small-island states or megacities, poor populations displaced populations, well within countries, instance people living in heat-prone urban areas, outdoor workers, chronic conditions, pregnant women.This leads to diverse socioeconomic challenges and exacerbates inequities...
Background Climate change presents a multifaceted challenge with unequal health implications, particularly for vulnerable populations limited adaptive capacity. Socioeconomic factors are intricately linked environmental outcomes and significantly exacerbate existing inequities. Health equity as goal of justice can address these issues.
Introduction As rapid urbanisation transforms the sociodemographic structures within cities, standard survey methods, which have remained unchanged for many years, under-represent urban poorest. This leads to an overly positive picture of health, distorting appropriate allocation resources between rural and areas. Here, we present a protocol our study (i) tests novel methods improve representation populations in household surveys measure mental health injuries, (ii) explores poverty compares...
Abstract The methods used in low- and middle-income countries’ (LMICs) household surveys have not changed four decades; however, LMIC societies substantially now face unprecedented rates of urbanization poverty. This mismatch may result unintentional exclusion vulnerable mobile urban populations. We compare three survey method innovations with standard Kathmandu, Dhaka, Hanoi summarize feasibility our innovative terms time, cost, skill requirements, experiences. descriptive statistics...
Twenty-two districts of Nepal, where intensified case-finding (ICF) activities for tuberculosis (TB) were implemented among risk groups under the TB REACH initiative in collaboration with National Programme from July 2013 to November 2015.To assess yield screening using an algorithm smear microscopy followed by Xpert(®) MTB/RIF.A descriptive study routinely collected data.Of 145 679 individuals screened, 28 574 (19.6%) had presumptive TB; 1239 (4.3%) these diagnosed and 1195 (96%) initiated...
Introduction Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) have become the leading public health problems worldwide and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is one of major NCDs. Female Community Health Volunteers (FCHVs) in Nepal are key drivers to implementing frontline services. We explored potential for engaging FCHVs CVD risk screening at community level Nepal. Methods used multiple approaches (quantitative qualitative) data collection. The trained administered questionnaire among 491 adults rural urban...
Abstract Smoking worsens tuberculosis (TB) outcomes. Persons with TB who smoke can benefit from smoking cessation. We report findings of a multi-country qualitative process evaluation assessing barriers and facilitators to implementation cessation behaviour support in clinics Bangladesh Pakistan. conducted semi-structured interviews at five case study 35 patients 8 health workers over period 11 months (2017–2018) different time points during the intervention phase. Interviews were by trained...
Background: The methods used in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) household surveys have not changed four decades; however, LMIC societies substantially. This mismatch may result unintentional exclusion of vulnerable mobile urban populations. We compare three survey method innovations with standard Kathmandu, Dhaka, Hanoi, summarize feasibility our innovative terms time, cost, skill requirements, experiences. Methods: descriptive statistics regression techniques to respondent...
Background: The methods used in low- and middle-income country (LMIC) household surveys have not changed four decades; however, LMIC societies substantially. This mismatch may result unintentional exclusion of vulnerable mobile urban populations. We compare three survey method innovations with standard Kathmandu, Dhaka, Hanoi, summarize feasibility our innovative terms time, cost, skill requirements, experiences.Methods: descriptive statistics regression techniques to respondent...
Background: The methods used in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) household surveys have not changed four decades; however, LMIC societies substantially. This mismatch may result unintentional exclusion of vulnerable mobile urban populations. We compare three survey method innovations with standard Kathmandu, Dhaka, Hanoi, summarize feasibility our innovative terms time, cost, skill requirements, experiences. Methods: descriptive statistics regression techniques to respondent...