This tutorial/survey paper: (1) provides a concise point of departure for researchers and practitioners alike wishing to assess the current state art in control monitoring civil engineering structures; (2) link between structural other fields theory, pointing out both differences similarities, points where future research application efforts are likely prove fruitful. The paper consists following sections: section 1 is an introduction; 2 deals with passive energy dissipation; 3 active...

In recent years, considerable attention has been paid to research and development of structural control devices, with particular emphasis on alleviation wind seismic response buildings bridges. both areas, serious efforts have undertaken in the last two decades develop concept into a workable technology. Full-scale implementation active systems accomplished several structures, mainly Japan; however, cost effectiveness reliability considerations limited their wide spread acceptance. Because...

Control of civil engineering structures for earthquake hazard mitigation represents a relatively new area research that is growing rapidly. systems these have unique requirements and constraints. For example, during severe seismic event, the external power to structure may be severed, rendering control schemes relying on large supplies ineffective. Magnetorheological (MR) dampers are class devices mesh well with constraints applications, including having very low requirements. This paper...

Computer vision techniques, in conjunction with acquisition through remote cameras and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), offer promising non-contact solutions to civil infrastructure condition assessment. The ultimate goal of such a system is automatically robustly convert the image or video data into actionable information. This paper provides an overview recent advances computer techniques as they apply problem In particular, relevant research fields vision, machine learning, structural...

In this paper, the efficacy of magnetorheological (MR) dampers for seismic response reduction is examined. To investigate performance MR damper, a series experiments was conducted in which damper used conjunction with recently developed clipped-optimal control strategy to three-story test structure subjected one-dimensional ground excitation. The ability reduce both peak responses, earthquake tests, and rms broadband excitation shown. Additionally, because semi-active systems are nonlinear,...

The protection of civil structures, including their material contents and human occupants, is without doubt a worldwide priority the most serious importance. Such may range from reliable operation comfort, on one hand, to survivability other. Examples such structures leap one's mind, include buildings, offshore rigs, towers, roads, bridges, pipelines. In like manner, events that cause need for protective measures are earthquakes, winds, waves, traffic, lightning, and-today,...

Structural health monitoring (SHM) of civil infrastructure using wireless smart sensor networks (WSSNs) has received significant public attention in recent years. The benefits WSSNs are that they low-cost, easy to install, and provide effective data management via on-board computation. This paper reports on the deployment evaluation a state-of-the-art WSSN new Jindo Bridge, cable-stayed bridge South Korea with 344-m main span two 70-m side spans. central components Imote2 platforms,...

Recent reports on America's infrastructure have emphasized the importance of structural health monitoring civil infrastructures. System identification is a key component many strategies. Current system methods estimate models structure by measuring displacements, accelerations, and strains with wired or wireless sensors. However, these typically involve installation limited number sensors at discrete locations require additional data acquisition devices. To overcome limitations, computer...

Abstract Vibration‐based Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is one of the most popular solutions to assess safety civil infrastructure. SHM applications all begin with measuring dynamic response structures, but displacement measurement has been limited by difficulty in requiring a fixed reference point, high cost, and/or low accuracy. Recently, researchers have conducted studies on vision‐based structural health monitoring, which provides noncontact and efficient measurement. However, these...

Damage detection is one of the most important tasks for structural health monitoring civil infrastructure. Before a damage algorithm can be applied, integrity data must ensured; otherwise results may misleading or incorrect. Indeed, sensor system malfunction, which in anomalous (often called faulty data), serious problem, as sensors usually operate extremely harsh environments. Identifying and eliminating anomalies crucial to ensuring that reliable achieved. Because vast amounts typically...

Computer vision has shown potential for assisting post-earthquake inspection of buildings through automatic damage detection in images. However, assessing the safety an earthquake-damaged building requires considering this context its global impact on structural system. Thus, must consider expected progression associated component and component's contribution to system performance. To address issue, a digital twin framework is proposed evaluation that integrates unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)...

Tremendous effort has been devoted toward developing automated post-earthquake inspection techniques, including image collection and damage identification. However, few studies have attempted to establish the complex relationship between visible structural conditions. Moreover, lack of training data further hinders potential use deep learning algorithms. This paper proposes a framework, termed Bidirectional Graphics-based Digital Twin (Bi-GBDT), that allows for assessment condition based on...

A "smart" base isolation strategy is proposed and shown to effectively protect structures against extreme earthquakes without sacrificing performance during the more frequent, moderate seismic events. The smart system composed of conventional low-damping elastomeric bearings controllable (semiactive) dampers, such as magnetorheological fluid dampers. To demonstrate advantages this approach, compared lead-rubber bearing systems. effectiveness approaches are judged based on computed responses...

Most of the current research in field structural control for mitigation responses due to extreme environmental loads does not directly account effects control-structure interaction and actuator/sensor dynamics analysis design. The importance including when modeling a system is discussed herein, general framework within which one can study its effect on protective systems presented. A specific model hydraulic actuators typical those used many developed, natural velocity feedback link shown...

One of the most successful means protecting structures against severe seismic events is base isolation. However, optimal design isolation systems depends on magnitude level earthquake that considered. The features an system designed for El Centro-type typically will not be a Northridge-type and vice versa. To effective during wide range events, must adaptable. demonstrate efficacy recently proposed "smart" paradigms, this paper presents results experimental study particular adaptable, or...

This paper presents the overview and problem definition for a benchmark structural control problem. The structure considered—chosen because of widespread interest in this class systems—is scale model three-storey building employing an active mass driver. A system, including actuator sensors, has been developed directly from experimentally obtained data will form basis study. Control constraints evaluation criteria are presented design simulation program made available to facilitate...

Wireless smart sensors enable new approaches to improve structural health monitoring (SHM) practices through the use of distributed data processing. Such an approach is scalable large number sensor nodes required for high-fidelity modal analysis and damage detection. While much technology associated with has been available nearly a decade, there have limited numbers fulls-cale implementations due lack critical hardware software elements. This research develops flexible wireless framework...

Magnetorheological (MR) dampers are one of the most promising new devices for structural vibration mitigation. Because their mechanical simplicity, high dynamic range, low power requirements, large force capacity, and robustness, these have been shown to mesh well with earthquake wind engineering application demands constraints. Quasistatic models MR investigated by researchers. Although useful damper design, not sufficient describe behavior under loading. This paper presents a model overall...

Traditional crack assessment methods for concrete structures are time consuming and produce subjective results. The development of a means automated employing digital image processing offers high potential practical implementation. However, two problems in two-dimensional (2D) hinder direct application assessment, as follows: (1) the used has to be taken perpendicular surface structure, (2) working distance retrieving imaging model measured each time. To address these problems, this paper...