The weak gravity conjecture states that quantum theories have to contain a charged state with charge-to-mass ratio bigger than unity. By studying unitarity and causality constraints on higher derivative corrections the of extremal back holes, we demonstrate heavy black holes can play role required under several assumptions. In particular, our argument is applicable when higher-spin Reggeizing graviton exchange are subdominant in photon scattering. It covers (1) light neutral bosons such as...

We analyze infrared consistency conditions of 3D and 4D effective field theories with massive scalars or fermions charged under multiple $U(1)$ gauge fields. At low energies, one can integrate out the particles thus obtain a one-loop action for In regime where charge-independent contributions to higher-derivative terms in are sufficiently small, it is then possible derive constraints on charge-to-mass ratios from requiring that photons propagate causally have an analytic S-matrix. find need...

We derive relativistic hydrodynamics from quantum field theories by assuming that the density operator is given a local Gibbs distribution at initial time. decompose energy-momentum tensor and particle current into nondissipative dissipative parts, analyze their time evolution in detail. Performing path-integral formulation of distribution, we microscopically generating functional for hydrodynamics.We also construct basis to study corrections. In particular, first-order hydrodynamic...

Taking a thermodynamic perspective, we study the weak gravity conjecture in context of four-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory. We find closed-form expressions for corrected quantities presence four-derivative terms action, and particular charge-to-mass ratio entropy, several families solutions special magnetic-to-electric charge or dilaton coupling constant. Assuming that dyonic black holes themselves are conjectured charged states, this places constraints on Wilson coefficients...

A bstract Massive fields can imprint unique oscillatory features on primordial correlation functions or inflationary correlators, which is dubbed the cosmological collider signal. In this work, we analytically investigate effects of a time-dependent mass scalar field extending previous numerical studies and implementing techniques developed in bootstrap program. The general induced by couplings to slow-roll inflaton background, with particularly significant case non-derivative couplings. By...

We investigate low-energy fluctuations in the real kink crystal phase of dense quark matter within Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. The modulated chiral condensate breaks both translational symmetry and spontaneously, which leads to appearance phonons pions that are dominant degrees freedom infrared. Using Ginzburg-Landau expansion near Lifshitz point, we derive elastic free energies for dependence on temperature chemical potential. show one-dimensional modulation is destroyed by thermal at...

A bstract We construct a crossing symmetric basis for conformal four-point functions in momentum space by requiring consistent factorization. Just as scattering amplitudes factorize when the intermediate particle is on-shell, non-analytic parts of correlators enjoy similar factorization space. Based on this property, Polyakov, his pioneering 1974 work, introduced which manifestly satisfies symmetry. He then initiated bootstrap program its consistency with operator product expansion. This...

Shift-symmetric Horndeski theories admit an interesting class of Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole solutions exhibiting time-dependent scalar hair. The properties these may be studied via a bottom-up effective field theory (EFT) based on the background symmetries. This is in part possible by making use convenient coordinate choice -- Lema\^itre-type coordinates which profile linear relevant time coordinate. We construct this EFT, and it to understand stability hairy holes shift-symmetric...

We study the possibility of a heavy scalar or pseudoscalar in TeV-scale beyond Standard Model scenarios being inflaton early universe light recent $\mathcal{O}(750)\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$ diphoton excess at LHC. consider scenario which new couples to gauge bosons loop level through massive charged vectorlike fermions with without dark fermions. calculate renormalization group running both and couplings, present two different models that are perturbative, stabilized vacuum up near...

In this paper, we study the implications of unitary completion quantum gravity on low energy spectrums, through an infinite set unitarity bounds forward-limit scattering amplitudes. three dimensions, find that light states with charge-to-mass ratio $z$ greater than 1 can only be consistent if there exists other states, preferably neutral.

A bstract Within the so-called cosmological collider program, imprints of new particles on primordial non-Gaussianities have been studied intensively. In particular, their non- analytic features in soft limit provide a smoking gun for at inflation scale. While this approach is very powerful to probe mass near Hubble scale, signal exponentially suppressed heavy particles. paper, enlarge scope collider, we explore probing spins from signs Wilson coefficients inflaton effective action and...

The axionic weak gravity conjecture predicts the existence of instantons whose actions are less than their charges in appropriate units. We show that is satisfied for axion-dilaton-gravity system if we assume duality constraints on higher derivative corrections addition to positivity bounds which follow from unitarity, analyticity, and locality UV scattering amplitudes. On other hand, does not only. This presents an example where derivation requires more detailed information consistency

We study compatibility of the standard model particle physics and general relativity by means gravitational positivity bounds, which provide a necessary condition for low-energy theory to be UV completable within weakly coupled regime gravity. In particular, we identify cutoff scale gravity studying consistency light-by-light scattering. While precise value depends on details Pomeron effects in QCD, reads ${10}^{16}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$ if single-Pomeron exchange picture works well...

Our previous work [1] constructed, in three-dimensional momentum space, a manifestly crossing symmetric basis for scalar conformal four-point functions, based on the factorization property proposed by Polyakov. This extends this construction to general dimensional field theory. To facilitate treatment of traceless tensors, we exploit techniques spherical harmonics dimensions.

Positivity bounds coming from consistency of UV scattering amplitudes are in general insufficient to prove the weak gravity conjecture for theories beyond Einstein-Maxwell. Additional ingredients about may be necessary exclude those regions parameter space which na\"ively conflict with predictions conjecture. In this paper we explore consequences imposing additional symmetries inherited theory on higher-derivative operators Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton-axion theory. Using black hole...

We develop a framework to derive consistency constraints on gravitational Regge amplitudes based the finite energy sum rules (FESRs), which directly connect at ultraviolet scale with infrared physics without suffering from super-Planckian physics. For illustration, we consider four-point scattering of an identical massless scalar coupled gravity. First, multiple FESRs relying $s\text{-}t\text{-}u$ permutation invariance. then make use FESRs, crossing symmetry, and other principles such as...

The gravitational positivity bound gives quantitative “swampland” constraints on low-energy effective theories inside of quantum gravity. We give a comprehensive discussion this for those interested in applications to phenomenological model building. present practical recipe deriving the bound, and discuss subtleties relevant realistic models. As an illustration, we study scattering massive gauge bosons Higgs/Stückelberg mechanism. Under certain assumptions amplitudes at high energy, obtain...

Effects of heavy fields on primordial spectra curvature perturbations are discussed in inflationary models with a sudden turning trajectory. When excited after the turn and oscillate around bottom potential, following two effects generically induced: deformation background spacetime conversion interactions between adiabatic isocurvature perturbations, both which can affect density perturbations. In this paper, we calculate potentials taking into account appropriately. We find that there some...

We discuss the effective field theory for spacetime symmetry breaking from local point of view. By gauging symmetries, identification Nambu--Goldstone (NG) fields and construction action are performed based on pattern diffeomorphism, Lorentz, (an)isotropic Weyl symmetries as well internal including possible central extensions in nonrelativistic systems. Such a picture distinguishes, e.g., whether condensations have spins provides correct physical NG fields, while standard coset global does...

We generalize the analysis of arXiv:1210.7244 to de Sitter space \alpha-vacua and compute entanglement entropy a free scalar for half-sphere at late time.

The Berkovits formulation of open superstring field theory is based on the large Hilbert space superconformal ghost sector. We discuss its relation to Witten small space. introduce a one-parameter family conditions for partial gauge fixing such that cubic interaction under reduces in singular limit. local picture-changing operator at open-string midpoint regularized our approach, and divergence on-shell four-point amplitudes coming from collision operators resolved. quartic inherited plays...

We construct conformal three-point functions in momentum space with a general tensor and conserved currents of spin $1$ $2$. While correlators have been studied especially the connection cosmology, involving scaling dimension not very much yet. Such direction is unavoidable when we go beyond because tensors always appear as an intermediate state. In this paper, first step, solve Ward-Takahashi identities for currents. particular provide their expression terms so-called triple-$K$ integrals...

We derive constraints on scalar field theories coupled to gravity by using recently developed positivity bounds in the presence of gravity. It is found that a canonically-normalized real cannot have an arbitrarily flat potential unless some new physics enters well below Planck scale. An upper bound scale determined loop corrections self-energy. Our result provides swampland condition for potentials.

We develop the effective field theory of diffusive Nambu-Goldstone (NG) modes associated with spontaneous internal symmetry breaking taking place in nonequilibrium open systems. The Lagrangian describing semi-classical dynamics NG is derived and matching conditions for low-energy coefficients are also investigated. Due to new terms peculiar systems, show gapless behaviors contrast propagating mode closed demonstrate two typical situations relevant condensed matter physics high-energy...