Evidence is presented that an axial magnetic field of 100 kG has been compressed to 42 MG by imploding neon gas-puff Z pinch on a 800 kJ, 7.5 MA, 60 nsec pulsed power generator. Machine electrical diagnostics and x-ray pinhole photographs indicate this 420-fold compression was produced plasma at high Reynolds number.

Controlled, ultrahigh axial magnetic fields have been produced and measured in a gas-puff Z pinch. A 0.5-MA, 2-cm-radius annular pinch with 3-min repetition rate was imploded radially onto an seed field, causing the field to compress. Axial compressions up 180 peak 1.6 MG were measured. Faraday rotation of Argon laser (5154 Å) quartz fiber on-axis principal diagnostic. Other diagnostics included nitrogen interferometer, x-ray diodes, probes. The compression results are consistent simple...

<title>Abstract</title> Particle in Cell (PIC) simulation has been used to validate a conceptual design for quasi-spherical, net power, hydrogen plus boron fueled, fusion reactor incorporating high temperature superconducting (HTS) magnets. By burning fully thermalized plasma, our proposed MET6 uses the principles of Magneto-Electrostatic Trap Yushmanov (1980) improve classic Polywell design, resulting predicted power-balance Q ≈ 1.3. Because input power consumed by will barely balances...

Particle in Cell (PIC) simulation has been used to validate a conceptual design for quasi-spherical, net power, hydrogen plus boron-11 fueled, fusion reactor incorporating high temperature superconducting (HTS) magnets. By burning fully thermalized plasma, our proposed MET6 uses the principles of Magneto-Electrostatic Trap Yushmanov (1980) improve classic Polywell design, resulting predicted power-balance Q ≈ 1.3. Because input power consumed by will barely balance waste bremsstrahlung...

We consider a staged $Z$ pinch in which an annular plasma implodes onto coaxial wire. The physical model involves conservation of magnetic flux created by the current initially trapped wire and adiabatic heating. It leads to magnetic-field amplification with rise time 4 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{15}$ A/sec. At peak levels approaching 5 MA attains density $n={10}^{24}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$, temperature $T=10$ keV, $n\ensuremath{\tau}>{10}^{15}$...

Beams of neutralized plasma will cross a transverse magnetic field, magnetized plasma, and neutral gas, by combination single particle collective-plasma processes. At low density the beam deflect; at higher exhibit undeflected motion E×B drift or diamagnetic (high-beta) exclusion field. In high-beta regime, where β&amp;gt;1 (β is ratio plasma-beam energy to field density), magnetization occurs on time scale orders magnitude faster than classical Spitzer scale. Recent studies fast suggest...

The propagation of plasmoids (neutralized ion beams) in a vacuum transverse-magnetic field has been studied the University California, Irvine laboratory for several years [Phys. Fluids 24, 739 (1981); 25, 730, 2353 (1982); 26, 2276 (1983); J. Appl. Phys. 64, 73 (1988)]. These experiments have confirmed that plasmoid propagates by E×B drift low beta and high beam (0.01&amp;lt;β&amp;lt;300), where β is ratio kinetic energy to magnetic energy. polarization electric E arises from opposite...

The imploding plasma column of a gas-puff Z pinch was used to compress an embedded axial magnetic field. Field compression ratios up 180 times and peak compressed fields 1.6 MG were measured by Faraday rotation. this method has the advantage high repetition rate for applications in controlled production high-energy densities, solid-state studies, generation short-wavelength radiation, reducing ignition threshold fusion, particle acceleration.

The collective behavior of an intense, pulsed, space-charge-neutral proton beam (100 kV, 3 A/cm2, 0.8 msec) incident upon a transversely oriented magnetic field 0–6 kG has been determined experimentally. At 6 kG, floating potential probe shows longitudinal polarization creating positive sheath (virtual anode) within the boundary having peak electrostatic equal to ion accelerating potential. thickness is approximately v/wpi, where v velocity and wpi plasma frequency. Oscillations in at were...

The implosion of a liner-on-target Z-pinch is simulated for fusion. simulation code the 2-1/2-D, MACH2 MHD and driver parameters are τ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1/4</sub> ~ 130 ns, I xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">peak</sub> 22 MA, E xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">stored</sub> MJ. Simulations run Staged Z-pinch, configured as an unmagnetized, silver-plasma liner imploding onto deuterium-tritium...

A compact high-sensitivity second-harmonic interferometer for line-integrated electron density measurements on a large plasma machine is presented. The device based fiber coupled near-infrared continuous-wave Nd:YAG laser and remotely controlled. performances of the instrument are tested Irvine field-reversed configuration machine, sensitivity few 1014 cm−2 in measuring line integrated demonstrated with time resolution microseconds. self calibrated, has an impressive stability, it does not...

Self-consistent equilibria are obtained for high beta plasma where almost all of the ions energetic with a gyroradius order scale length. Magnetohydrodynamics would not apply to such plasma. Recent experiments tokamaks suggest that it be insensitive microinstabilities. Several methods described creating intense neutralized ion beams.

We describe Z-pinch experiments imploding an aluminum-plasma jet onto a coaxial, micron-diameter wire. Spatially resolved x-ray pinhole images and time data indicate that energy is supplied initially to the aluminum-jet plasma subsequently transferred The resultant pinch appears more uniform (stable) than wire-only or jet-only demonstrates imploding-plasma liner will couple from pulsed-power generator micron-diameter-sized channel.

Z-pinch experiments and computer simulations provide evidence for enhanced stability current transfer in a staged Z pinch, consisting of an annular krypton shell imploding onto deuterium gas fill. Visible-streak Schlieren imaging multilayer implosion where the outer plasma is Rayleigh–Taylor unstable inner column stable. Computer indicate that discharge diffuses through unstable, Kr shell. As layer implodes deuterium, transferred stable results, producing deuterium-compression ratio 200.

A Z-pinch liner, imploding onto a target plasma, evolves in step-wise manner, producing stable, magneto-inertial, high-energy-density plasma compression. The typical configuration is cylindrical, high-atomic-number liner low-atomic-number target. parameters for terawatt-class machine (e.g., Zebra at the University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada Terawatt Facility) have been simulated. 2-1/2 D MHD code, MACH2, was used to study this configuration. requirements are an initial radius few mm stable...

The magnetospheric simulation facility at the University of California, Riverside (UCR) has been recently modified to improve scalings based on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) theory. In this a magnetized plasma stream interacts with downstream dipole magnetic field simulating Earth's magnetosphere. Specific improvements include: higher stream‐flow velocity, increased density, more intense background and fields, improved diagnostic capability. This paper briefly discusses MHD scaling requirements...

Abstract We simulate fusion in a Z-pinch, where the load is xenon-plasma liner imploding onto deuterium–tritium (DT) plasma target and driver 2 MJ, 17 MA, 95 ns risetime pulser. The implosion system modeled using dynamic, D, radiation-magnetohydrodynamic code, MACH2. During shock forms Xe liner, transporting current energy radially inward. After collision with DT, secondary pre-heating DT to several hundred electronvolts. Adiabatic compression leads subsequently burn, as surrounded by...

The staged Z-pinch (SZP) is a magnetoinertial fusion scheme, where high-Z gas liner implodes onto deuterium target. An accurate measurement of the initial mass distribution, both in and target, crucial to achieve fusion-relevant conditions. This paper presents characterization double-valve injector for SZP experiment, performed on test stand with interferometric visible emission diagnostics. produces an annular profile that peaked at R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...

The radial profiles, n(r), Bz(r), and Er(r), for a Flux-Coil ("inductively driven"), Field-Reversed Configuration (FC-FRC) are measured compared to the predictions of Rigid-Rotor Model (RRM), which is an analytic, one-dimensional, time-independent, equilibrium description FRC. Injectors mounted on both ends confinement vessel provide pre-fill plasma. Coaxial coils outside vacuum boundaries annular-confinement accelerate plasma produce density profile by laser interferometry, magnetic-field...

We describe a 2-stage technology for degrading water borne chlorinated/aromatic organic pollutants, based on pulsed power treatment in the first stage followed by bio-treatment. The combination of strong corona/streamer discharge aerosol with inoculation partially dechlorinated (15-30%) processed bacteria Pseudomonas mendocina KR1 second demonstrated as high 90% dechlorination 40 hours after inoculation, whereas control (nonaerosol-treated sample) had no chloride ions released, and bacterial...

Radio frequency (RF) waves can provide heating, current and flow drive, as well instability control for steady state operations of fusion experiments. A particle simulation model has been developed in this work to a first-principles tool studying the RF nonlinear interactions with plasmas. In model, ions are considered fully kinetic particles using Vlasov equation electrons treated guiding centers drift equation. This implemented global gyrokinetic toroidal code real electron-to-ion mass...

Abstract A charge- and current-neutralized, intense-ion beam (IIB) will propagate undeflected in a magnetized plasma by the <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext mathvariant="bold">E</mml:mtext> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> mathvariant="bold">B</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , or diamagnetic, drift for distance large compared to beam-ion gyro-radius. This propagation occurs because of collective effects when beam-energy density is...

Propagation of a charge-neutralized ion beam, in transverse magnetic field (Bz &amp;lt;400 G) and magnetized plasma, has been studied. Measurements indicate that the beam propagation mechanism is due to E×B drift region high β (1&amp;lt;β&amp;lt;400), where ratio kinetic energy energy. Diamagnetic measurements, both internal external propagating confirm fast diffusion Bz into on time scale much shorter than rise 10−7 s. When injected plasma electric shorted degree increases with increasing...

A staged Z pinch is considered in which an annular plasma shell made of a high material like Kr implodes onto coaxial target low deuterium or deuterium–tritium mixture. The could be either by exploding cryogenically extruded fiber filling the with gas puff puff. Modeling performed two-dimensional (2D) radiation-MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) code. parameter study to determine sensitivity this configuration initial conditions and plasmas. An axial magnetic field essential for stable implosion...

A two-chord λIR∼3.39 μm He–Ne laser interferometer system was developed for a flux-coil-generated field-reversed configuration to estimate the electron density and total temperature of (FRC) plasma. This heterodyne consists single ∼2 mW infrared laser, visible (λvis∼632.8 nm) alignment, 40 MHz acousto-optic modulator, photodetectors, quadrature phase detectors. Initial measurement performed measured average densities were 2–10×1019 m−3 at two different radial positions in midplane. time...