Proactive preparedness to cope with extreme weather events is significantly helpful in reducing the restoration cost and enhancing resilience of distribution systems. This paper focused on resource allocation problem systems ahead a coming hurricane. Generation resources such as diesel oil batteries are considered for allocation, which can be used serve outage critical load post-hurricane restoration. Electric buses also kind resource. Considering uncertainties system faults, formulated into...

False data injection (FDI) attacks intend to threaten the security of power systems. In this paper, a novel strategy FDI is proposed, which aims distort normal operation system regulated by automatic voltage controls (AVCs). Such can be launched from single substation attacker who has little knowledge whole grid. The optimal attack modeled as partial observable Markov decision process (POMDP). Then, Q-learning algorithm with nearest sequence memory adopted enable on-line learning and...

Electric buses (EBs) possess large-capacity batteries and are dispatched by a central operator, exhibiting great potential to enhance the resilience of distribution systems (DSs) against meteorological disasters. This paper proposes an optimization model for joint post-disaster DS restoration, considering coordinated dispatching with EBs. By assuming that can rent some EBs from bus company, EB scheduling problem adjustable timetables is established. Idle placed at designated areas feed power...

Electric buses (EBs) have been widely adopted in public transit. EBs can feed power back to the distribution system (DS) at a charging station and serve as temporary mobile sources (MPSs), such hurricanes. Thus, they great potential enhance grid resilience against meteorological disasters. This article proposes DS restoration method for enhancing considering routing scheduling of group EBs. To maintain function transit, we establish an EB problem (EBSP) with predetermined optional service...

Many blackouts in electric power grids throughout the world are caused by cascading outages, which often involve complex processes various timescales. The multi-timescale nature of outages makes conventional quasi-static simulation methods inaccurate characterizing actual evolution outages. This paper proposes a outage model using quasi-dynamic method. establishes framework for simulating interactions among dynamics quite different It realizes with representation time evolution, so it...

In the risk assessment of cascading outages, rationality simulation and efficiency computation are both great significance. To overcome drawback sampling-based methods that huge resources required shortcoming initial contingency selection practices dependencies in sequences outages omitted, this paper proposes a novel approach by searching on Markovian Tree. The tree model is reformulated from quasi-dynamic multitimescale proposed recently to ensure reasonable modeling outages. Then, search...

With the increasing computations in power system simulations, high-performance and cost-effective simulator is highly required. In this paper, a cloud-computing based simulator, namely CloudPSS, designed. Based on an open service integrating framework, self-developed electromagnetic transients (EMT) with automatic code generator provided to accelerate EMT simulations using heterogeneous computing devices cloud, such as CPU GPU. Test results show that CloudPSS platform can achieve significant...

As the load demand in a microgrid increases, more distributed generators (DGs) should be installed to meet demand, which makes expansion planning very important. To obtain optimal strategy, tri‐level framework is presented for an isolated this study, composed of expansion, capacity optimisation and operation optimisation. The uncertainties forecasting are considered. Latin hypercube sampling method utilised generate scenarios. Controllable also considered can switched off on as required....

Extreme disasters may cause the power supply to distribution system (DS) be interrupted. The DS is forced operate in island mode and forms an islanded microgrid (MG). In order improve post-disaster resilience of provide longer for as many loads possible with limited generation resources, this paper proposes a multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (DRL) method which realizes dual control on source load sides MG. problem improvement converted sequential decision making problem, where...

Since modern smart grids have various and deeply coupled cyber-physical components, they are vulnerable to malicious cyber attacks. Although regular defenses including firewall IDS deployed, may be weakened by zero-day vulnerabilities sophisticated attack schemes. Therefore, defense strategies mitigate the risk of blackouts during attacks necessary. This paper proposes a coordinated strategy overcome disruption minimize as much possible. At layer, zero-sum multilevel Markovian Stackelberg...

In the context of high penetration renewables, need to build dynamic models power system components based on accessible measurement data has become urgent. To address this challenge, firstly, a neural ordinary differential equations (ODE) module and differential-algebraic (DAE) are proposed form data-driven modeling framework that accurately captures components' characteristics flexibly adapts various interface settings. Secondly, analytical learned by ODE DAE modules integrated together...

Performance evaluation of modern cloud data centers has attracted considerable research attention among both providers and customers. In this paper, we investigate the heterogeneity service process used in these heterogeneous centers. Using queuing theory, construct a complex model composed two concatenated systems present as an analytical for evaluating performance Based on model, analyze mean response time, waiting other important indicators. We also conduct simulation experiments to...

Electromagnetic transients (EMT) simulation is the most accurate and intensive computation for power systems. Past research has shown potential of accelerating such simulations using graphics processing units (GPUs). In this paper, an efficient GPU-based parallel EMT simulator designed. Threadoriented model transformations are first proposed electrical control Following transformations, system represented by connected networks massive primitive elements, computations which can be constructed...

In the analysis of cascading outages and blackouts in power systems, risky fault chains should be accurately identified order to do further block or alleviate blackouts. However, huge computational burden makes online difficult. this paper, an search method for representative based on reinforcement learning knowledge transfer is proposed. This aims at promoting efficiency by exploiting similarities adjacent flow snapshots operations. After "representative chain" defined, a framework tree...

For a hybrid ac/dc power system incorporating voltage source converter-based multi-terminal direct current (VSC-MTDC) grids, it is essential to solve the flow problems efficiently for reliable operation. This paper presents an efficient algorithm considering complementary constraints of VSC's reactive limit and ac node voltage. It can be distinguished from existing works in terms both modeling aspects. First, VSC model formulated, which interactions between are viewed as relations. The...

Large-scale integration of renewable energy, such as wind and solar power generations, imposes an unprecedented challenge on system operation, because wind/solar output is volatile, while in the system, generation must balance load real time. Failure maintaining may trigger contingency or even blackout, especially when quickly increases decreases during a certain period, which called ramp event. Since cannot be predicted accurately, it difficult to determine incremental change two...

Modern cyber-physical power systems are vulnerable to cyber attacks. Given that and physical networks coupled tightly, attacks in the layer can penetrate layer, causing outage of transmission lines other equipment, thus changing topology grid. In some extreme scenarios, topological change will disrupt emergency response grid, eventually cascading outages along with a blackout. Therefore, as defender, operator system should identify critical this paper, patterns sequential analyzed. Firstly,...

As more generators and loads are integrated by power electronic converters with complicated controls, electromagnetic transients (EMTs) simulation becomes an important tool for studying dynamic characteristics of large‐scale systems. To accelerate system‐level EMT simulations, a fine‐grained parallel algorithm on graphics processing units (GPU) is proposed. By decomposing the computational models into heterogeneous, homogeneous network solution computations, simulations mapped three unified...

This paper employs an efficacious analytical tool, adaptive simplified human learning optimization (ASHLO) algorithm, to solve optimal power flow (OPF) problem in AC/DC hybrid system, considering valve-point loading effects of generators, carbon tax, and prohibited operating zones respectively. ASHLO involves random operator, individual social operator strategies. To compare analyze the computation performance method, proposed method other heuristic intelligent methods are employed OPF on...

In this paper, a new method for the transient stability assessment is presented based on dimension reduction and cost sensitive ensemble learning. The online constructed as two-class classification problem. An application framework proposed offline training matching. framework, dynamic simulation results which are time series of power system variables utilized data. Considering high dimensional characteristics to accelerate prediction process, key feature chosen by improved selection method....