The electromechanical coupling in ferroelectric materials is controlled by several coexisting structural phenomena which can include piezoelectric lattice strain, 180° and non‐180° domain wall motion, interphase boundary motion. mechanisms that contribute to have not been readily measured the past, particularly under low‐to‐medium driving electric field amplitudes at many are used. In this feature, results from situ , high‐energy, time‐resolved X‐ray diffraction experiments interpreted...

Local structure information of relaxor ferroelectrics is key to a clear understanding their structure–property relationships. The size polar nanoregions determined based on the local atomic displacement and dielectric response.

This paper establishes the nanoscale poling mechanism operating in A-site disordered lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. Nanoscale domain maps and quantitative structural changes were obtained by deploying high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, dielectric spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy neutron scattering. Based on these results a microscopic model is proposed that provides insight into E-field induced transformation. The stripe-like nanodomains unpoled system transformed lamellar...

This letter provides a comparative description of the properties textured and randomly oriented poly-crystalline lead-free piezoelectric 0.93(Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3)-0.07BaTiO3 (NBT-BT) ceramics. A high longitudinal constant (d33) ∼ 322 pC/N was obtained in (001)PC NBT-7BT ceramics, which is almost ∼2× times d33 coefficient reported for ceramics same composition. In situ neutron diffraction experiments revealed that characteristically different structural responses are induced NBT-BT upon...

Perovskite piezoelectric compositions near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) are known to exhibit high response. In lead-based ABO3 compound with B-site disorder, origin of this enhancement has been associated presence an intermediate monoclinic/orthorhombic state that bridges adjacent ferroelectric rhombohedral and tetragonal phases. However, response in lead-free compounds A-site disorder not conclusively established. We describe a microscopic model derived from comparative analyses...

Electroluminescent (EL) devices have been extensively integrated into multi-functionalized electronic systems in the role of vitally constituent light-emitting part. However, lifetime and reliability EL are often severely restricted by concomitant damage, especially when strain exceeds mechanical withstanding limit. We report a self-healable device adopting modified polyacrylic acid hydrogel as electrode polyurethane phosphor host to realize first omni-layer-healable device. The...

The converse piezoelectric response of Pb(Zr x Ti 1− )O 3 ceramics is investigated as a function material composition. effects the crystallographic phase and different dopants on nonlinearity are separately examined. For linear dependence d 33 E 0 , Rayleigh law applied to describe behavior. observed nonlinearities described in terms contributions from extrinsic mechanisms. It that fractional contribution irreversible mechanisms rhombohedral greater than tetragonal phases for all amplitudes...

Structural changes such as non‐180° domain wall motion and lattice strains in Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 ceramics are measured during the application of subcoercive cyclic electric fields using time‐resolved high‐energy X‐ray diffraction with a stroboscopic data collection technique. The contributions to electric‐field‐induced from distortions determined function material composition type dopant. For different compositions studied, largest due for La‐doped tetragonal close morphotropic phase boundary. It...

Abstract Weakly coupled relaxors based on compositions (1‐ x ) BaTiO 3 ‐ Bi Me O , where is a metal ion, have attracted attention as potential candidates for high‐temperature high‐energy density capacitors. However, the necessary content typically high with = 0.3‐0.4. In order to reduce problems associated compatibility base electrodes and due additional volatility, it desirable lower in overall composition these materials. Here, we explored possible way BiMeO through A‐site substitutions...

Formation of polar nano regions through solid-solution additions are known to enhance significantly the functional properties ferroelectric materials. Despite considerable progress in characterizing microscopic behavior regions, understanding their real-space atomic structure and dynamics formation remains a challenge. Here, using method dynamic pair distribution function, we provide direct insights into role towards stabilization Pb-free Ba(Zr,Ti)O3. It is shown that for an optimum level...

Diffraction provides an effective means to characterize ferroelectric materials under the application of dynamic and cyclic electric fields. This paper describes a typical time-resolved diffraction setup at synchrotron facility using high X-ray energies. Such is capable measuring structural response ceramics fields various frequencies, amplitudes, waveforms. The use energies also allows sample be measured angles applied load. results 3 different types loading are presented discussed: single...

Microscopic polar clusters can play an important role in the phase transition of ferroelectric perovskite oxides such as $\mathrm{BaTi}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, which have shown coexistence both displacive and order-disorder dynamics, although their topological dynamical characteristics are yet to be clarified. Here, we report sharp increases widths intensities Bragg peaks from a $\mathrm{BaTi}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ single crystal, measured situ during heating cooling within few degrees its temperature...

Sodium niobate (${\mathrm{NaNbO}}_{3}$ or NN) is described as ``the most complex perovskite system,'' which exhibits transitions between, well coexistence of, several ferroelectrics (FE) and antiferroelectric (AFE) phases at different temperatures. Recently, solid solutions of NN with stabilized AFE phases(s) have gained attention for energy-related applications, such high-density energy storage electrocaloric cooling. A better understanding the atomic mechanisms responsible AFE/FE phase in...

Electric-field-induced lattice strains in a tetragonal ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate bulk ceramic are characterized under application of subcoercive cyclic electric fields using neutron diffraction and stroboscopic data collection technique. At driving field equal to half the coercive field, field-induced found be function orientation with greatest electric-field-induced strain coefficient 680pm∕V crystal orientations such that 211 pole is parallel field. A time dependence 111 was...

Recent advances in 3D printing have enabled fabrication of architected functional ceramics with tunable functionalities at reduced weight and cost. An essential cornerstone materials design is to determine structure–property relations. For polycrystalline ferroelectrics, such relationships can be complex due several microscopic mechanisms, as lattice strains and/or domain switching, which show nonlinear dependence on external stimuli are furthermore dependent grain orientations. materials,...

Ferroelectrics are widely used for a broad array of technological applications due to their attractive electrical and electromechanical properties. In order obtain large functional properties, material compositions often designed favor the coexistence multiple ferroelectric phases. For such compositions, macroscopically observed properties variously attributed easier domain switching and/or phase transition. Nevertheless, modeling concurrent transition in mixed ferroelectrics remains...

A comparative description of the crystallographic structural details and magnetic properties Ni-Mn-Ga shape memory alloys are necessary to understand physical origins their magnetoelastic properties. The an off-stoichiometric Ni${}_{2}$Mn${}_{1.14}$Ga${}_{0.86}$ alloy have been obtained from refinement high-resolution single-crystal neutron diffraction data, following a (3 $+$ 1)-dimensional [(3 1)-D] superspace formalism. In particular, structure adopts...

Relaxor ferroelectrics exhibit frequency-dispersion of their dielectric permittivity peak as a function temperature, the origin which has been widely debated. Microscopic understanding such behavior for polymeric presented new challenges since unlike traditional ceramic ferroelectrics, relaxation in polymers is consequence short-range molecular dynamics that are difficult to measure directly. Here, through careful analysis atomic-level H-atom determined by Quasi-elastic Neutron Scattering...