The effect of high levels natural light on leaf photosynthesis in olive trees (Olea europaea L. var. Coratina), grown pots outdoors the summer and subjected to water, stress, was studied. Net photosynthetic rates reached maximum values early morning both control stressed plants subsequently declined gradually. This inactivation activity accompanied by changes fluorescence characteristics upper intact surface. yield (Fp) ratio Fv/Fp decreased at midday especially water-stressed plants, but...

The olive tree ( Olea europaea L.) is commonly grown in the Mediterranean basin and able to resist severe prolonged drought. Levels of proline (PRO) malondialdehyde (MDA), lipoxygenase (LOX) activity were determined 2‐year‐old plants (cv. ‘Coratina’) environmental conditions characterized by high temperatures photosynthetic photon flux density levels gradually subjected a controlled water deficit for 20 days. Before during experimental period, leaf root samples collected analysed PRO MDA....

Abstract. Olive trees (Olea europaea L.) are commonly grown in the Mediterranean basin where prolonged droughts may occur during vegetative period. This species has developed a series of physiological mechanisms, that can be observed several plants macchia, to tolerate drought stress and grow under adverse climatic conditions. These mechanisms have been investigated through an experimental campaign carried out over both irrigated drought-stressed order comprehend plant response stressed...

Introduction Kiwifruit species have a relatively high rate of root oxygen consumption, making them very vulnerable to low zone concentrations resulting from soil waterlogging. Recently, kiwifruit rootstocks been increasingly used improve biotic and abiotic stress tolerance crop performance under adverse conditions. The aim the present study was evaluate morpho-physiological changes in grafting combinations short-term waterlogging stress. Methods A pot trial conducted at ALSIA PhenoLab, part...

The effects of drought on the activities superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol (POD), indoleacetate oxidase (IAAox) and polyphenol (PPO) were studied in 2-year old Olea europaea L. (cv. 'Coratina') plants grown under high temperatures irradiance levels gradually subjected to a controlled water deficit. After 20 d without irrigation, mean predawn leaf potential fell from -0.37 -5.37 MPa, decreases net photosynthesis transpiration occurred. SOD, APX,...

We evaluated the osmotic adjustment capacity of leaves and roots young olive (Olea europaea L.) trees during a period water deficit subsequent rewatering. The trials were carried out in Basilicata (40°24' N, 16°48' E) on 2-year-old self-rooted plants (cv. 'Coratina'). Plants subjected to one four drought treatments. After 13 days drought, reached mean predawn leaf potentials –0.45 ± 0.015 MPa (control), –1.65 0.021 (low stress), –3.25 0.035 (medium stress) –5.35 0.027 (high stress). Total...

ABSTRACT Background Beneficial bacteria-plant interactions play an important role in agriculture, positively affecting plant status and improving product quality. Bacterial endophytes contribute to host protection survival. Aim This study characterised the bacterial communities present soil, leaf surface xylem sap of olive trees, investigated their response under a sustainable (Smng) or conventional (Cmng) management system grove located southern Italy. The aims are: (a) understand if soil...

Abstract Kiwifruit vine decline syndrome (KVDS) is an emerging challenge related to various factors, including water stagnation, soil compaction, root hypoxia, imbalanced redox potential, nutrient imbalance and fungal pathogens, yet its definitive causes remain unconfirmed. This study compared soils roots of healthy plants (CTRL group) affected by KVDS (KVDS at a kiwifruit orchard ( Actinidia chinensis cv. ‘ Zesy002 ’) in Sermoneta (Lazio region), Italy. Our findings indicate that parameter...

Abstract This 4‐year on‐farm study reports the effects of different agricultural practices on yield and soil organic carbon (SOC) in kiwifruit apricot orchards grown a Mediterranean area. Groups plants under local orchard management (L OM , § Correction made here after initial publication. ) (i.e. tillage, removing pruning residues mineral fertilisers) were compared with plots soil‐protecting (SP actions cover crop, no‐tillage, compost application mulching residues). In SP blocks...

The external heat ratio method is described for measurement of low rates sap flow in both directions through stems and other plant organs, including fruit pedicels, with diameters up to 5 mm flows less than 2 g h(-1). Calibration was empirical, pulse velocity (v(h)) compared gravimetric measurements flow. In the four stem types tested (Actinidia sp. Schefflera arboricola petioles, Pittosporum crassifolium Fagus sylvatica stems), v(h) linearly correlated (v(s)) a v(s) approximately 0.007 cm...

Abstract Higher calcium (Ca) concentration in several fleshy fruit including kiwifruit is a pre‐requisite for lower incidence of Ca‐related diseases and improved nutritional value. This review examines the internal external factors operating along soil‐to‐fruit pathway that are involved uptake partitioning Ca vines. After brief description growth dynamic nutrient accumulation during development, considers role soil availability, root elongation, mass flow apoplast, transpiration, competition...

Field trials were conducted at traditional Mediterranean olive agro-ecosystems grown two locations (Italy –IT, Greece –GR). Groves managed for many years using sustainable (S, cover crops, compost application, mulching of pruning biomass) or conventional (C) practices (e.g., soil tillage, burning residuals). The IT grove was rainfed (rain) while the GR irrigated (IRR). This study examined seasonal variation CO2 emission (Rs) to explore effect management options (C, S) on Rs both sites....

Introduction The use of treated municipal wastewater (TWW) represents a relevant opportunity for irrigation agricultural crops in semi-arid regions to counter the increasing water scarcity. Pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) are often detected wastewater, posing risk humans and environment. PhACs can accumulate soils translocate into different plant tissues, reaching, some cases, edible organs entering food chain. Methods This study evaluated uptake translocation processes 10 by olive...