A5072762878- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Geological formations and processes
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Seismology and Earthquake Studies
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Geological Modeling and Analysis
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Landslides and related hazards
- 3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage
- Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
- Earthquake and Tsunami Effects
- Earthquake and Disaster Impact Studies
- Occupational Health and Safety Research
- Geophysical Methods and Applications
- Geotechnical Engineering and Underground Structures
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Seismic Performance and Analysis
- Geological and Geophysical Studies Worldwide
GNS Science
2016-2025
University of Canterbury
2022-2023
Crown Research Institutes
2011
Battelle
2002
An earthquake with a dozen faults The 2016 moment magnitude ( M w ) 7.8 Kaikōura was one of the largest ever to hit New Zealand. Hamling et al. show new slip model that it an incredibly complex event. Unlike most earthquakes, multiple ruptured generate ground shaking. A remarkable 12 overall, rupture jumping between located up 15 km away from each other. should motivate rethinking certain seismic hazard models, which do not presently allow for this unusual pattern. Science , issue p. eaam7194
A team of earthquake geologists, seismologists, and engineering seis- mologists has collectively produced an update the national probabilistic seismic hazard (PSH) model for New Zealand (National Seismic Hazard Model, or NSHM). The new NSHM supersedes earlier published in 2002 used as basis Loadings Standard numerous other end-user applica- tions. incorporates a fault source that been updated with over 200 onshore offshore sources utilizes Zealand-based international scaling relationships...
The scarcity of long geological records major earthquakes, on different types faults, makes testing hypotheses regular versus random or clustered earthquake recurrence behavior difficult. We provide a fault-proximal record spanning 8000 years the strike-slip Alpine Fault in New Zealand. Cyclic stratigraphy at Hokuri Creek suggests that fault ruptured to surface 24 times, and event ages yield 0.33 coefficient variation interval. associate this near-regular with geometrically simple fault,...
Active fault traces are a surface expression of permanent deformation that accommodates the motion within and between adjacent tectonic plates. We present an updated national-scale model for active faulting in New Zealand, summarize current understanding kinematics 15 domains, undertake some brief kinematic analysis including comparison slip rates with GPS velocities. The contains 635 simplified faults tabulated parameters their attitude (dip dip-direction) (sense movement rake vector), net...
Research Article| April 05, 2017 The 2016 Kaikōura, New Zealand, Earthquake: Preliminary Seismological Report A. Kaiser; Kaiser aGNS Science, P.O. Box 30‐368, Lower Hutt 5040, Zealanda.kaiser@gns.cri.nze.danastasio@gns.cri.nzs.bannister@gns.cri.nz Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar N. Balfour; Balfour B. Fry; Fry C. Holden; Holden Litchfield; Litchfield M. Gerstenberger; Gerstenberger E. D’Anastasio; D’Anastasio Horspool; Horspool G. McVerry; McVerry J. Ristau;...
Coseismic coastal deformation is often used to understand slip on offshore faults in large earthquakes but the 2016 MW7.8 Kaikōura earthquake multiple ruptured across and sub-parallel coastline. Along ∼110 km of coastline, a rich dataset comprising airborne lidar differencing, field surveying satellite geodesy reveals highly variable vertical displacements, ranging from −2.5 6.5 m. These inform refined model for which incorporates changes inclusion an reverse crustal fault that accounts...
ABSTRACT A seismicity rate model (SRM) has been developed as part of the 2022 Aotearoa New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model revision. The SRM consists many component models, each which falls into one two classes: (1) inversion fault (IFM); or (2) distributed (DSM). Here we provide an overview and a brief description models. upper plate IFM forecasts occurrence for hundreds thousands potential ruptures derived from Community Fault version 1.0 utilizing either geologic- geodetic-based...
Research Article| June 12, 2018 Surface Rupture of Multiple Crustal Faults in the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikōura, New Zealand, Earthquake Nicola J. Litchfield; Litchfield aGNS Science, P.O. Box 30‐368, Lower Hutt 5040, n.litchfield@gns.cri.nz Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Pilar Villamor; Villamor Russ Van Dissen; Dissen Andrew Nicol; Nicol bUniversity Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, Zealand Philip M. Barnes; Barnes cNational Institute Water and...
The Hikurangi subduction margin, New Zealand, has not produced large earthquakes within the short written historic period (~180 years) and potential of plate interface to host (M > 7) great 8) tsunamis is poorly constrained. geological record past offers a method for assessing location, frequency approximate magnitude underpin seismic tsunami hazard assessments. We review evidence Holocene coseismic coastal deformation at 22 locations along margin. A consistent approach radiocarbon age...
The New Zealand Community Fault Model (NZ CFM) is a publicly available representation of fault zones that have the potential to produce damaging earthquakes. Compiled through collaborative engagement between earthquake-science experts, this first edition (version 1.0) NZ CFM builds upon previous compilations earthquake-source active models with addition new and modified information. Developed primarily support an update National Seismic Hazard Model, comprises two principal components....
Abstract The 2022 revision of Aotearoa New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model (NZ NSHM 2022) has involved significant all datasets and model components. In this article, we present a subset many results from the as well an overview governance, scientific, review processes followed by NZ team. calculated hazard increased for most when compared with previous models. models are available online.
Abstract Anticipating and managing the impacts of sea‐level rise for nations astride active tectonic margins requires understanding rates sea surface elevation change in relation to coastal land elevation. Vertical motion (VLM) can either exacerbate or reduce changes with varying significantly along a coastline. Determining rate, pattern, variability VLM near coasts leads direct improvement location‐specific relative level (RSL) estimates hazard risk assessment. Here, we utilize vertical...
Paleoseismology has been making an important contribution to understanding the Alpine Fault and hazard it poses society. However, evidence of past earthquakes comes from a wide variety sources publication somewhat fragmented. Here, we review physical for large great on summarise current understanding, illustrate progress highlight future directions. Paleoseismic derived tree disturbance, landscape features trenches across fault. These records have supplemented extended back in time with...
Abstract At the southern Hikurangi margin, New Zealand, we use salt marsh stratigraphy, sedimentology, micropaleontology, and radiocarbon dating to document evidence of two earthquakes producing coseismic subsidence (in one case) a tsunami over past 1000 yrs. The earthquake at 520–470 yrs before present (B.P.) produced 0.25±0.1 m Big Lagoon. 880–800 yrs B.P. 0.45±0.1 m Lagoon was accompanied by that inundated ≥360 m inland with probable height ≥3.3 m. Distinguishing effects upper plate...
Abstract The Alpine fault in south Westland, New Zealand, releases strains of Pacific–Australian relative plate motion large earthquakes with an average interevent spacing ∼330 years. A new record earthquake recurrence has been developed at Hokuri Creek, evidence for 22 events. youngest Creek overlaps time and is believed to be the same as oldest another site about 100 km northwest near Haast. combined spans last 7900 years includes 24 We study rate conditional probability ground ruptures...
Abstract The formation and uplift of Holocene marine terraces along a 160-km-long stretch the Wairarapa coast in southern Hikurangi subduction margin, North Island, New Zealand, are interpreted terms causative faults associated large earthquakes during past circa 7000 cal yr B.P. Distinctive stepped terrace morphology, clustering radiocarbon ages on each uplifted terrace, historic occurrence coseismic other parts eastern support contention that coastal occurred suddenly repeatedly...
Research Article| April 03, 2018 Onshore to Offshore Ground‐Surface and Seabed Rupture of the Jordan–Kekerengu–Needles Fault Network during 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikōura Earthquake, New Zealand Jesse Kearse; Kearse aSchool Geography, Environment Earth Sciences, Victoria University Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6040, Zealand, Jesse@kearse.co.nz Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Timothy A. Little; Little Russ J. Van Dissen; Dissen bGNS Science, 1 Fairway Drive, Avalon...
Liquefaction features and the geologic environment in which they formed were carefully studied at two sites near Lincoln southwest Christchurch.We undertook geomorphic mapping, excavated trenches, obtained hand cores areas with surficial evidence for liquefaction where no was present (Hardwick Marchand).The identified include (1) sand blows (singular aligned along linear fissures), (2) blisters or injections of subhorizontal dikes into topsoil, (3) related to blisters, (4) a collapse...
Differential lidar reveals unusual fault characteristics within a complex earthquake.