A mutant yeast phenylalanine transfer RNA (ytRNAPheAAA) containing a modified (AAA) anticodon was generated to explore the feasibility of breaking degeneracy genetic code in Escherichia coli. By using an E. coli strain co-transformed with ytRNAPheAAA and phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, we demonstrate efficient replacement (Phe) by L-3-(2-naphthyl)alanine (Nal) at UUU, but not UUC codons.

Gene delivery to, and gene targeting in, stem cells would be a highly enabling technology for basic science biomedical application. Adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors have demonstrated the capacity efficient to numerous cells, but their application has been limited by low transduction efficiency. Due considerable advantages, however, engineering AAV systems enhance may an impact in cell biology therapy. Therefore, using several diverse capsid libraries—including randomly mutagenized, DNA...

Ocular drug delivery through hydrogel contact lenses has great potential for the treatment of ocular diseases. Previous studies showed that loading lipophilic vitamin E to silicone-hydrogel was beneficial in delivery. We hypothesized another type popular lenses, pHEMA-hydrogel improves by increasing or duration release. Loading significantly increased a hydrophilic surrogate (Alexa Fluor 488 dye) and two glaucoma drugs (timolol brimonidine) 37.5%, 19.1%, 18.7%, respectively. However, release...

Growing evidence suggests that on-pathway amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers are primary neurotoxic species and have a direct correlation with the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). One promising therapeutic strategy to block AD progression is reduce levels these Aβ using small molecules. While several compounds been shown modulate aggregation, such activity combined safety high blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability yet be reported. Brilliant Blue G (BBG) close structural analogue U.S. Food Drug...

A designed yeast phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (yPheRS (T415G)) activates four tryptophan (Trp) analogues (6-chlorotryptophan (6ClW), 6-bromotryptophan (6BrW), 5-bromotryptophan (5BrW), and benzothienylalanine (BT)) that are not utilized by the endogenous E. coli translational apparatus. Introduction of yPheRS (T415G) a mutant phenylalanine amber suppressor tRNA (ytRNAPheCUA_UG) into an expression host allowed site-specific incorporation three these (6ClW, 6BrW, BT) recombinant murine...

Abstract Rare earth elements (REEs) have become increasingly important materials owing to their use in the high‐tech and clean‐energy industries. However, unpredictable supply, possible health risks, environmentally unsustainable extraction practices associated with REEs encouraged development of green technologies for selective recovery metals. This study presents a simple innovative approach total REEs. Elastin‐like polypeptide (ELP) REE‐binding domain (lanmodulin) are fused form...

Hydrogen gas obtained from cheap or sustainable sources has been investigated as an alternative to fossil fuels. By using hydrogenase (H2ase) and formate dehydrogenase (FDH), H2 CO2 gases can be converted formate, which conveniently stored transported. However, developing enzymatic process that converts into is challenging because even a very small amount of O2 included in the damages most H2ases FDHs. In order overcome this limitation, we pair oxygen-tolerant H2ase FDH. We achieved cascade...

Introduction of a yeast suppressor tRNA (ytRNAPheCUA) and mutant phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (yPheRS (T415G)) into an Escherichia coli expression host allows in vivo incorporation phenylalanine analogues recombinant proteins response to amber stop codons. However, high-fidelity non-natural amino acids is precluded this system by mischarging ytRNAPheCUA with tryptophan (Trp) lysine (Lys). Here we show that yPheRS can be redesigned achieve codon suppression through delivery...

Certain protic ionic liquids (PILs) were found to dissolve zein, which is one of the industrially important natural protein polymers. We prepared two PILs—N-(2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium formate (HEAF) and N-(2-hydroxyethyl) acetate (HEAA)—and their ability zein was investigated. Up 70% solution may be prepared, but it difficult process, because high viscosity. Zein solutions with 5%−20% concentration easily by heating at 95 °C or higher aid microwave treatment, even in presence small amounts...

Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) is an efficient reaction linking azido and alkynyl group in the presence of copper catalyst. Incorporation a non-natural amino acid (NAA) containing either or into protein allows site-specific bioconjugation mild conditions via CuAAC. Despite its great potential, enzyme has been hampered by several issues including low yield, poor solubility ligand, structural/functional perturbation CuAAC components. In present study, we incorporated...

Abstract Extension of the serum half-life is an important issue in developing new therapeutic proteins and expanding applications existing proteins. Conjugation fatty acid, a natural human albumin ligand, to protein/peptide was developed as technique extend vivo by taking advantages unusually long (HSA). However, for broad acid-conjugation, several issues should be addressed, including poor solubility acid substantial loss activity. Therefore, herein we systematically investigate conditions...

The number of therapeutic peptides for human treatment is growing rapidly. However, their development faces two major issues: the poor yield large from conventional solid-phase synthesis, and intrinsically short serum half-life peptides. To address these issues, we investigated a platform production recombinant peptide with an extended involving site-specific conjugation albumin (HSA). HSA has exceptionally long can be used to extend half-lives proteins We glucagon-like-peptide 1 (GLP-1) as...

Rare earth elements (REEs), including those in the lanthanide series, are crucial components essential for clean energy transitions, but they originate from geographically limited regions. Exploiting new and diverse supply sources is vital to facilitating a future. Hence, we explored recovery of REEs coal fly ash (FA), complex, low-grade industrial feedstock that currently underutilized (leachate concentrations FA < 0.003 mol%). Herein, demonstrated thermo-responsive genetically...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. AD a degenerative brain disorder that causes problems with memory, thinking and behavior. It has been suggested aggregation amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) closely linked to development pathology. In search for safe, effective modulators, we evaluated modulating capabilities erythrosine B (ER), Food Drug Administration (FDA)-approved red food dye, on Aβ Aβ-associated impaired neuronal cell function.In order evaluate ability ER...