Applied behavior analysts have developed many effective interventions for common childhood problems and repeatedly demonstrated that responds to properly managed contingencies. The success of these is dependent upon their basic effectiveness, as in the literature, precise delivery by clinician parent, adherence or consistent implementation intervention. Unfortunately, arranging parenting strategies a significant challenge who work homes, schools, outpatient primary care clinics. Much has...

The current study involved a preliminary job-site testing of computer software, i.e., VideoTote, delivered via tablet and designed to provide users with video modeling prompting for use by young adults an autism spectrum disorder

Abstract Children with autism often have difficulty successfully applying newly acquired skills to novel situations. Naturalistic teaching procedures been developed help address this problem generalization. These naturalistic promote generalization through the use of natural consequences, diverse training, and incorporation mediators. The purpose article is define these tactics then describe review three popular approaches: incidental teaching, pivotal response script‐fading. will also...

The authors examined the benefits of video modeling to teach a unique vocational skill set an adolescent and two young adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Video was used skills necessary entertain customers promote products in retail setting while wearing WalkAround® costume. three participants were observed before after watching model perform costume scripted naturalistic scenes. Data can be interpreted conclude that all learned use combination or sequence model. generalized actual job...

To assess the effectiveness of sucrose as an analgesic agent during routine immunization injections for infants (age range, 2 weeks to 18 months).Double-blind, randomized control trial.Ambulatory care clinic a large tertiary center.A consecutive sample 285 were randomly assigned one three treatment groups.Subjects received either no intervention or drank mL sterile water 12% solution minutes before administration immunization.Infants videotaped later interval recording pain-induced...

We investigated the utilization and efficacy of distraction in reducing anxious disruptive behavior 4 children undergoing dental treatment. During procedure, were shown a poster told story about it during They earned prize if they attended to could correctly answer questions them following each intervention visit. The children's was assessed via direct observation, results analyzed within multiple baseline design. exhibited high levels across visits, regardless length time treatment or...

Many psychologists believe a Kuhnian revolution—a competitive event between incommensurate paradigms in which winner displaces losers after chaotic upheaval— has occurred psychology. Cognitive psychology is said to be displacing behavioral and psychoanalysis, but few published data support this thesis. Social science citation records from the leading journals cognitive psychology, psychoanalysis 1979 1988 were analyzed. Results show an increasing trend for also high rates with no downward...

We evaluated the effectiveness of a dentist‐implemented intervention in which brief escape from dental treatment was provided to manage disruptive child behavior during restorative treatment. Within multiple baseline design across subjects, 4 children, aged 3 7 years, were temporary contingent upon periods cooperative behavior. Disruptive decreased when appropriate contingency used at least 80% time. The required no more time than traditional management procedures (e.g., tell‐show‐do,...

We evaluated the effectiveness of a dentist-implemented behavioral intervention in which brief escape from dental treatment was provided on regular basis, independent child's behavior. Within multiple baseline design across subjects, 5 children, ages 4 to 7 years, were with temporary fixed-time schedule. The intervals signaled by an electronic timer worn dentist. Clinically significant reductions observed physically disruptive behavior all children introduction noncontingent escape, and...

A reinforced practice procedure was used to facilitate cooperative behavior in five children, aged 3 6 years, during dental treatment. In a multiple baseline design across subjects, the children were rewarded with escape, inexpensive stickers, and praise for presence of sights, sounds, some sensations instruments prior actual Direct observations disruptive via 15-s interval recording system indicated levels as high 90% reduced less than 15% by final treatment visit. addition, effective...

Temporomandibular joint disc tissue-engineering studies commonly fail to produce significant matrix before construct contraction. We hypothesized that poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) non-woven meshes would limit contraction, allow for comprehensive mechanical evaluation, and maintain viability relative polyglycolic (PGA) mesh controls. Additionally, we proposed growth factor stimulation, while limiting increase properties previous reports. After 4 wks, cell proliferation deposition were similar...