A5062275782- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Neuroscience and Music Perception
- Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation
- Blind Source Separation Techniques
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Neural Networks and Applications
- Multisensory perception and integration
- Speech and Audio Processing
- Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
- Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
- Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Noise Effects and Management
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Quantum Mechanics and Applications
- Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Advanced Adaptive Filtering Techniques
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Marine animal studies overview
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- stochastic dynamics and bifurcation
University of Maryland, College Park
2016-2025
Institute for Systems Biology
2000-2022
Park University
2016
Williams (United States)
2004
Institute for Cognitive Science Studies
2004
University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee
1992-1993
University of California, Santa Barbara
1988-1991
Princeton University
1986
A visual scene is perceived in terms of objects. Similar ideas have been proposed for the analogous case auditory analysis, although their hypothesized neural underpinnings not yet established. Here, we address this question by recording from subjects selectively listening to one two competing speakers, either different or same sex, using magnetoencephalography. Individual representations are seen speech with each being phase locked rhythm corresponding stream and which can be exclusively...
The cortical representation of the acoustic features continuous speech is foundation perception. In this study, noninvasive magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings are obtained from human subjects actively listening to spoken narratives, in both simple and cocktail party-like auditory scenes. By modeling how encoded ongoing MEG activity as a spectrotemporal response function, we demonstrate that slow temporal modulations broad spectral region represented bilaterally cortex by phase-locked...
To understand the neural representation of broadband, dynamic sounds in primary auditory cortex (AI), we characterize responses using spectro-temporal response field (STRF). The STRF describes, predicts, and fully characterizes linear dynamics neurons to with rich envelopes. It is computed from elementary "ripples," a family drifting sinusoidal spectral collection all ripples transfer function. complex envelope any sound can expressed as sum individual ripples. Previous experiments downward...
Higher-derivative theories are frequently avoided because of undesirable properties, yet they occur naturally as corrections to general relativity and cosmic strings. We discuss some their more interesting disturbing problems, with examples. A natural method removing all the problems higher derivatives is reviewed. This "perturbative constraints" required for at least one class higher-derivative theories---those which associated nonlocality. Nonlocality often appears in low-energy described...
The thermodynamic properties of black holes in Lovelock gravity are examined. In particular, the case Einstein Lagrangian plus four-dimensional Euler density is discussed detail. five dimensions, one finds that specific heat a hole becomes positive at small mass, allowing to achieve stable equilibrium with its environment and giving it an infinite lifetime. This behavior not universal, however, but always occurs 2k+1 dimensions for theory including 2k-dimensional density. For theories...
Speech recognition is remarkably robust to the listening background, even when energy of background sounds strongly overlaps with that speech. How brain transforms corrupted acoustic signal into a reliable neural representation suitable for speech recognition, however, remains elusive. Here, we hypothesize this transformation performed at level auditory cortex through adaptive encoding, and test hypothesis by recording, using MEG, responses human subjects narrated story. Spectrally matched...
Humans have a remarkable ability to track and understand speech in unfavorable conditions, such as background noise, but understanding noise does deteriorate with age. Results from several studies shown that younger adults, low-frequency auditory cortical activity reliably synchronizes the envelope, even when is considerably louder than signal. However, processing may be limited by age-related decreases precision of neural synchronization midbrain. To better mechanisms contributing impaired...
We consider the Einstein equation with first-order (semiclassical) quantum corrections. Although corrections contain up to fourth-order derivatives of metric, solutions which are physically relevant satisfy reduced equations no higher than second order. obtain for a range stress-energy tensors. These suitable numerical solution, expected fewer instabilities original equations, and yield only solutions. give analytic or particular examples, including Friedmann-Lema\^{\i}tre universes...
The mechanism by which a complex auditory scene is parsed into coherent objects depends on poorly understood interactions between task-driven and stimulus-driven attentional processes. We illuminate these in simultaneous behavioral-neurophysiological study we manipulate participants' attention to different features of an (with regular target embedded irregular background). Our experimental results reveal that the target, rather than background, correlates with sustained (steady-state)...
Age-related deficits in speech-in-noise understanding pose a significant problem for older adults. Despite the vast number of studies conducted to investigate neural mechanisms responsible these communication difficulties, role central auditory deficits, beyond peripheral hearing loss, remains unclear. The current study builds upon our previous work that investigated effect aging on normal-hearing individuals and aims estimate loss representation speech noise two critical regions pathway:...
Humans are able to identify and track a target speaker amid cacophony of acoustic interference, an ability which is often referred as the cocktail party phenomenon. Results from several decades studying this phenomenon have culminated in recent years various promising attempts decode attentional state listener competing-speaker environment non-invasive neuroimaging recordings such magnetoencephalography (MEG) electroencephalography (EEG). To end, most existing approaches compute...
Humans are remarkably skilled at listening to one speaker out of an acoustic mixture several speech sources. Two speakers easily segregated, even without binaural cues, but the neural mechanisms underlying this ability not well understood. One possibility is that early cortical processing performs a spectrotemporal decomposition mixture, allowing attended be reconstructed via optimally weighted recombinations discount regions where sources heavily overlap. Using human magnetoencephalography...