Near-field heat transfer recently attracted growing interest but was demonstrated experimentally only in macroscopic systems. However, several projected applications would be relevant mostly integrated nanostructures. Here we demonstrate a platform for near-field on-chip and show that it can the dominant thermal transport mechanism between nanostructures, overcoming background substrate conduction far-field limit (by factors 8 7, respectively). Our approach could enable development of active...

Abstract Energy transferred via thermal radiation between two surfaces separated by nanometer distances can be much larger than the blackbody limit. However, realizing a scalable platform that utilizes this near-field energy exchange mechanism to generate electricity remains challenge. Here, we present fully integrated, reconfigurable and operating in regime performs controlled heat extraction recycling. Our relies on an integrated nano-electromechanical system enables precise positioning of...

Near-field thermophotovoltaics (NFTPV) is a promising approach for direct conversion of heat to electrical power. This technology relies on the drastic enhancement radiative transfer (compared conventional blackbody radiation) that occurs when objects at different temperatures are brought deep subwavelength distances (typically <100 nm) from each other. Achieving such between hot object and photovoltaic (PV) cell could allow electricity with greater efficiency than using current solid-state...

We report a refractive index (RI) sensor based on the use of vertically etched silicon Bragg reflectors. The device is robust and performs measurements through tens micrometers liquid. A sensitivity 907 nm/RIU (RI units) resolution 1.7×10−5 RIU are obtained in good agreement with optical simulations. This highest reported for volume RI integrated microfluidic system. Expected applications fields single cell characterization chip liquid chromatography discussed.

We propose a tunable erbium doped fiber laser based on Fabry-Pérot (F-P) cavity tuned by an electrostatic actuator. The device is made of single crystalline silicon. F-P consists two Bragg mirrors, one being displaced comb-drives cavity, grooves for optical fibers and electro-mechanical structure are fabricated deep reactive ion etching 70 μm silicon insulator wafer integrated in ring laser. resulting has tuning range 35 nm the C-band spectral width less than 0.06 nm. maximum applied voltage...

Free-standing silicon nitride (SiN) mechanical resonators are of central interests in applications such as temperature and mass sensing, for fundamental optomechanical reasearch. Understanding thermal coupling between a membrane resonator its environment is required predicting noise, frequency well sensors responses to changes. In this work, we provide closed-form derivations intrinsic quantities free-standing thin films, namely total conductance with the surroundings, response time,...

Silicon nitride ($\mathrm{Si}\mathrm{N}$) drumhead resonators offer a promising platform for thermal sensing owing to their high mechanical quality factor and the temperature sensitivity of resonance frequency. As such, gaining an understanding heat transport in $\mathrm{Si}\mathrm{N}$ as well noise limitations are interest, both which goals present work. We first measurements radiative membranes, we use benchmarking two recently proposed theoretical models. measure characteristic response...

We achieve high detectivity terahertz radiation sensing using a silicon nitride nanomechanical resonator functionalized with metasurface absorber. High performances are achieved by striking balance between the frequency stability of and its responsivity to absorbed radiation. Using this approach, we demonstrate D*≈3.4×109cm⋅Hz/W noise equivalent power NEP≈36pW/Hz that outperform best room-temperature on-chip THz detectors, such as pyroelectric while maintaining comparable thermal response...

We present recent advances in modeling, design, and fabrication of in-plane multilayer optical resonators fabricated by high aspect ratio etching silicon. first revisit the model Gaussian beam divergence proposed A. Lipson to correct a mistake that leads an underestimation losses affecting this type resonator. Secondly, we discuss influence surface roughness at silicon-air interfaces multilayered structures. Roughness profiles-measured white light interferometry on sidewalls silicon trenches...

Suspended optical microresonators are promising devices for on-chip photonic applications such as radio-frequency oscillators, frequency combs, and sensors.Scaling up these demand the capability to tune resonances in an integrated manner.Here, we design experimentally demonstrate thermo-optic tuning of suspended by utilizing wire bridges microheaters.We ability resonance a microresonator silicon nitride platform 9.7 GHz using 5.3 mW heater power.The loaded quality factor (QL ~ 92,000) stays...

The frequency stability of nanomechanical resonators (NMRs) dictates the performance level many state-of-the-art sensors (e.g., mass, force, temperature, radiation) that relate an external physical perturbation to a resonance shift. While this is obviously fundamental importance, accurate models and understandings sources instability are not always available. contribution thermomechanical noise has been well studied in recent years often limitation. Frequency limited by thermal fluctuation...

We demonstrate a high-Q (>5 × 106) swept-frequency membrane mechanical resonator achieving resonance tuning over more than one octave via simple integrated electrical heater. Throughout this range, the displacement noise remains dominated by fundamental thermo-mechanical fluctuations. Such high Q-factor and low make device especially promising for acceleration sensing. The inferred floor of is below 1 μg Hz–1/2, an unprecedented level performances sensors operating at frequencies above 50...

Waste heat is a free and abundant energy source, with 15% of global total use existing as waste above 600 K. For 600–900 K temperature range, near-field thermophotovoltaics (NFTPVs) are theorized to be the most effective technology recycle into electrical power. However, date, experimental efficiencies have not exceeded 1.5%. In this work, we optimize efficiency three modeled InAs/InAsSbP-based room-temperature NFTPV devices positioned 0.1 μm from 750 p-doped Si radiator. We couple...

Freestanding Silicon nitride (SiN) devices are central to the field of nanomechanical resonators and for other technology applications such as transmission electron imaging nanopore bioassays. The nanofabrication techniques used fabricating these often lack flexibility. While photolithography requires printing an expensive photomask each new design iteration, electron-beam lithography is extremely slow commands high equipment cost. Here we demonstrate maskless rapid prototyping freestanding...

Near-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT) measurements often rely on custom microdevices that can be difficult to reproduce after their original demonstration. Here we study NFRHT using plain silicon nitride (SiN) membrane nanomechanical resonators─a widely available substrate used in applications such as electron microscopy and optomechanics─and which other materials easily deposited. We report down a minimal distance of 180 nm between large radius curvature (15.5 mm) glass radiator SiN...

Near-field thermophotovoltaics (NFTPV) systems have significant potential for waste heat recovery applications, with both high theoretical efficiency and power density, up to 40% $11 \ \mathrm{W/cm^{2}}$ at 900 K. Yet experimental demonstrations only achieved 14% modest densities (i.e., $0.75 \mathrm{W/cm^{2}}$). While experiments recently started focus on photovoltaic (PV) cells custom-made NFTPV, most work still relies conventional doped silicon radiators. In this work, we design an...

The placenta plays a critical role in nutrient and oxygen exchange during pregnancy, yet the effects of medicinal drugs on this selective barrier remain poorly understood. To overcome this, study presents cost-effective bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) system to assess tight junction integrity monolayer formation BeWo b30 cells, widely used model multinucleated maternal–fetal surface placental barrier. Cells were cultured collagen-coated porous membranes treated with forskolin induce...

Near-field radiative heat transfer (NFHT) research currently suffers from an imbalance between numerous theoretical studies, as opposed to experimental reports that remain, in proportion, relatively scarce. Existing platforms all rely on unique custom-built devices which it is difficult integrate new materials and structures for studying the breadth of theoretically proposed phenomena. Here we show high-resolution NFHT measurements using, our sensing element, silicon nitride (SiN)...

Traditional bolometric radiation sensors rely on electrical temperature readouts, which imposes a fundamental trade-off between various sources of noise limiting their performances (i.e., Johnson-Nyquist vs. thermal fluctuation noise). Because this tradeoff, bolometers typically suffer from that is two orders magnitude larger than the limit sensor. Previous works have tried to break by replacing readouts with either mechanical or optical but, so far, those not reached sensor detectivity...