To the Editors: Advanced HIV disease (AHD) is defined by World Health Organization (WHO) in those ages 5 years and older as WHO stage 3/4 or a CD4 count below 200 cells/mm³. All children under age presenting with are considered having AHD. However, younger than who have been receiving antiretroviral therapy for more 1 year clinically stable should no longer be advanced disease.1,2 From 2018 to 2022, 9 new cases of were identified 15 Portugal. Of these, 78% involved born outside country,...

A 17-year-old boy presented with a 2-month history of painful oral ulcerated lesions and cheilitis (figure 1A–C), no other symptoms, trauma or toxic ingestion. His family medical were not relevant. Figure 1 (A–C) Oral cheilitis. A biopsy the showed lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate epithelioid granulomas, compatible Crohn’s disease (CD) 2). Figure 2 Microscopic image (H&E, ×100 magnification) showing granulomas in specimen biopsy. Three months after onset lesions, patient started...

Primary cutaneous lymphomas (PCL) are rare in pediatrics. Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most frequent PCL diagnosed childhood. There various clinical variants of MF, including hypopigmented MF (HMF). We present a 5-year-old boy with an 18-month history progressive, generalized, nonpruritic lesions central lacy erythema. He had no improvement emollients. Skin biopsy showed typical features HMF. was treated topical corticosteroids and tacrolimus narrow-band ultraviolet B (NBUVB) phototherapy,...

Retinoic acid is a derivative of vitamin A. embryopathy an association malformations caused by the teratogenic effect retinoic acid, drug used for treatment cystic acne. Isotretinoin also known as 13-cis-retinoic acid. The risk after exposure to oral isotretinoin has been evaluated be around 20%. Affected infants may present craniofacial, central nervous system, cardiac, and thymus abnormalities. There increased spontaneous abortions premature delivery. have effects on child behavior in...

Cowden syndrome (CS) is a rare dominantly inherited multisystem disorder, characterized by an extraordinary malignant potential. In 80% of cases, the human tumor suppressor gene phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) mutated. We present case 17-year-old boy with genetically confirmed CS Graves’ disease (GD). At age 15, he presented intention tremor, palpitations, marked anxiety. On examination, had macrocephaly, coarse facies, slight prognathism, facial trichilemmomas, abdominal keratoses,...

Sodium hypochlorite is a commonly used endodontic irrigant. It has the ability to dissolve necrotic and vital pulp tissue. disinfectant against broad-spectrum Gram-positive Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, spores viruses; causes biosynthetic alterations in cellular metabolism

Introducao: As criancas passam varias horas a ver televisao (TV), jogar jogos de video e navegar na internet. Os beneficios dos media sao vastos, mas existem potenciais riscos, pelo que ha recomendacoes especificas sobre esta materia. Objetivo: Conhecer situacao uma amostra portuguesas quanto sua exposicao aos media. Metodologia: Estudo transversal, observacional analitico, selecionando conveniencia Consulta Saude Infantil Juvenil Unidade Familiar. Recolhemos os dados atraves um questionario...

We present the case of a healthy 2-year-old child, with irrelevant personal and family history, that was taken to emergency department for papulovesicular rash has developed evolved over 5 days. It started on foot, subsequently reaching hands, face remaining integument

<h3></h3> To characterise the cases of cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) followed in our GI Outpatient Clinic and determine how much parents save on extensively hydrolyzed (EHM) when oral food challenge (OFC) is performed &lt;12 months (M). CMPA patients observed between October2010-October2013 were included this retrospective study based Service’s protocol: OFC &gt;6 M, except at parents’ request. Calculations: each package EHM costs 20€ has 102 doses infant formula (IF) 10€ 181 doses,...

Introducao: A romboencefalite e um sindrome raro cuja etiologia podera ser de causa infeciosa, autoimune ou paraneoplasica. Descricao do caso: Crianca 24 meses (M), antecedentes hipotonia dos membros inferiores. Seguido em consulta Neonatologia; ecografia transfontanelar (8M) ressonância magnetica (RMN) cerebral (11M) normais. Internado por febre prostracao, sem sinais neurologicos focais. Puncao lombar (PL) a admissao com pleocitose (48 celulas/µl, predominio polimorfonucleares), analises...

KeypointsWhat is known -Phytophotodermatitis a cutaneous inflammatory reaction sunburn caused by contact with photosensitizing plant sub-clinical stances and exposure to UVA radiation.-It presents as erythema blisters irregular, linear or bizarre configuration.What added can be misdiagnosed lesions, being important perform complete history make the diagnosis.-Treatment consists in anti-inflammatory agents, ticosteroids.

<h3>Introduction</h3> Cat scratch disease(CSD) is caused by <i>Bartonella henselae</i>(BH). Regional lymphadenopathy, located to the neck and/or axilla, hallmark of CSD. <h3>Case Description</h3> A 17-year-old girl presented with a painful right inguinal swelling for past 3 weeks. Cited contact small cats. Presented objectively bilateral lymph node hard-elastic consistency, 2cm diameter each, barely mobile, overlying cutaneous inflammatory signs. There were no other palpable nodes,...

<h3>Background</h3> The segmental spinal cord syndrome is defined clinically as a neurological injury (incomplete or complete) sensory, motor and autonomic. <h3>Results</h3> 13 year old female, previously healthy with sudden onset of severe pain in the inferior limbs, loss strength sensitivity. No history fever, recent trauma, infection, vaccination similar episode. physical examination revealed areflexic flaccid paraplegia, abolished postural sensitivities, painful hypoesthesia sensitive...