A5032688037- Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Ion channel regulation and function
- High Altitude and Hypoxia
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
- Neurogenetic and Muscular Disorders Research
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies
- Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Sports injuries and prevention
- ATP Synthase and ATPases Research
- Medical and Biological Ozone Research
- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Sports Performance and Training
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
University of Pavia
2015-2025
Institut de Myologie
2010
Prolonged skeletal muscle inactivity causes fibre atrophy. Redox imbalance has been considered one of the major triggers disuse atrophy, but whether redox is actually cause or simply a consequence remains debate. Here we hypothesized that metabolic stress mediated by PGC-1α down-regulation plays role in First studied adaptations soleus to mice hindlimb unloading (HU) early phase (3 and 7 days HU) with without antioxidant treatment (trolox). HU caused reduction cross-sectional area, status...
Key points It is still debated whether an imbalance between production and removal of reactive oxygen species a major trigger disuse skeletal muscle atrophy in human limb muscles what the underlying mechanisms are. In bed rest model disuse, redox imbalance, impairment antioxidant defence systems metabolic derangement occurred early, before vastus lateralis developed, persisted through 35 days rest. Down‐regulation PGC‐1α, master controller metabolism, up‐regulation SREBP‐1, lipid synthesis,...
Needle biopsy samples were taken from vastus lateralis muscle (VL) of five male body builders (BB, age 27.4+/-0.93 years; mean+/-s.e.m.), who had being performing hypertrophic heavy resistance exercise (HHRE) for at least 2 years, and active, but untrained control subjects (CTRL, 29.9+/-2.01 years). The following determinations performed: anatomical cross-sectional area volume the quadriceps VL muscles in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); myosin chain isoform (MHC) distribution whole...
Skeletal muscle atrophy occurs as a result of disuse. Although several studies have established that decrease in protein synthesis and increase degradation lead to atrophy, little is known about the triggers underlying such processes. A growing body evidence challenges oxidative stress trigger disuse atrophy; furthermore, it also becoming evident mitochondrial dysfunction may play causative role determining atrophy. Mitochondrial fusion fission emerged important processes govern function...
The aim of the present study was to define chronic effects neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on properties human skeletal muscle. Eight young healthy male subjects were subjected 25 sessions isometric NMES quadriceps muscle over an 8-wk period. Needle biopsies taken from vastus lateralis before and after training. training status, myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform distribution, global protein pattern, as assessed by proteomic analysis, widely varied among at baseline prompted...
Key points Muscle atrophy is a debilitating condition that affects high percentage of the population with negative impact on quality life. Dissecting molecular level process, and similarities/dissimilarities among different catabolic conditions, necessary step for designing specific countermeasures to attenuate/prevent muscle loss. The FoxO family transcription factors represent one most important regulators programme stimulating expression many atrophy‐related genes. findings present study...
Following acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a substantial proportion of patients showed symptoms and sequelae for several months, namely the postacute COVID-19 (PASC) syndrome. Major phenomena are exercise intolerance, muscle weakness, fatigue. We aimed to investigate physiopathology intolerance in with PASC syndrome by structural functional analyses skeletal muscle. At least 3 mo after infection, nonhospitalized (
Abstract Short‐term unloading experienced following injury or hospitalisation induces muscle atrophy and weakness. The effects of exercise have been scarcely investigated. We investigated the functional molecular adaptations to a resistance training (RT) programme short‐term unloading. Eleven males (22.09 ± 2.91 years) underwent 10 days unilateral lower limb suspension (ULLS) followed by 21 knee extensor RT (three times/week). Data collection occurred at Baseline (LS0), after ULLS (LS10)...
Key points Loss of muscle mass and strength in the growing population elderly people is a major health concern for modern societies. This condition, termed sarcopenia, cause falls subsequent increase morbidity mortality. Despite numerous studies on impact ageing individual fibres, contribution single fibre adaptations to ageing‐induced atrophy functional impairment still unsettled. The level physical function disuse often associated with ageing. We studied relatively healthy older adults...
Spaceflight causes muscle wasting. The Sarcolab pilot study investigated two astronauts with regards to plantar flexor size, architecture, and function, the underlying molecular adaptations in order further understanding of muscular responses spaceflight exercise countermeasures. Two crew members (A B) spent 6 months space. Crew member A trained less vigorously than B. Postflight, showed substantial decrements volume, strength fiber contractility, which was strongly mitigated difference...
The clinical significance of diaphragm weakness in critically ill patients is evident: it prolongs ventilator dependency and increases morbidity, duration hospital stay, health care costs. mechanisms underlying are unknown, but might include mitochondrial dysfunction oxidative stress.We hypothesized that muscle fibers accompanied by impaired function structure, increased markers stress.To test these hypotheses, we studied contractile force, function, structure fibers. Fibers were isolated...
The final steps of the O
The voltage-dependent anion-selective channel isoform 1 (VDAC1) is a pivotal component in cellular metabolism and apoptosis with prominent role many cancer types, offering unique therapeutic intervention point. Through an
Two-dimensional proteomic maps of soleus (Sol), a slow oxidative muscle, and gastrocnemius (Gas), fast glycolytic muscle control mice (CTRL), hindlimb unloaded for 14 days (HU mice) HU treated with trolox (HU-TRO), selective potent antioxidant, were compared. The analysis identified large number differentially expressed proteins in pool approximately 800 both muscles. protein pattern Sol Gas adapted very differently to unloading. most interesting adaptations related the cellular defense...
It is generally assumed that muscle fibres go through atrophy following disuse with a loss of specific force and an increase in unloaded shortening velocity. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be clarified. Most studies have focused on events taking place during development disuse, whereas subsequent recovery phase, which equally important, has received little attention. Our findings support hypotheses decreased unilateral lower limb suspension (ULLS) returned normal after 3 weeks...
INTRODUCTION: Human skeletal muscle displays an epigenetic memory of resistance exercise induced by hypertrophy. It is unknown, however, whether high-intensity interval training (HIIT) also evokes memory. This study employed repeated intervention interspersed with a detraining period to assess HIIT. METHODS: Twenty healthy subjects (25±5yrs) completed two HIIT interventions (training and retraining) lasting 2 months, separated 3 months detraining. Measurements at baseline, after training,...
The involvement of ATP-sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) channels in the atrophy slow-twitch (MHC-I) soleus (SOL) and fast-twitch (MHC-IIa) flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) muscles was investigated vivo 14-day-hindlimb-unloaded (14-HU) rats, an animal model disuse, vitro drug-induced muscle atrophy. Patch-clamp gene expression experiments were performed combination with measurements fibre diameters used as index atrophy, MHC labelling 14-HU rats controls. A down-regulation K(ATP) channel subunits Kir6.2,...
An integrative evaluation of oxidative metabolism was carried out in 9 healthy young men (age, 24.1 ± 1.7 yr mean SD) before (CTRL) and after a 10-day horizontal bed rest normoxia (N-BR) or hypoxia (H-BR, FiO2 = 0.147). H-BR designed to simulate planetary habitats. Pulmonary O2 uptake (V̇o2) vastus lateralis fractional extraction (changes deoxygenated hemoglobin+myoglobin concentration, Δ[deoxy(Hb+Mb)] evaluated using near-infrared spectroscopy) were during an incremental cycle ergometer...
Key points Superposition of hypoxia on 21 day bed rest did not worsen the impairment skeletal muscle oxidative function induced by alone. A significant maximal performance was identified downstream cardiovascular O 2 delivery, involving both intramuscular matching between supply and utilization mitochondrial respiration. These chronic adaptations appear to be relevant in terms exposure spaceflights reduced gravity habitats (Moon or Mars), as characterized low hypoxia, patients with diseases...
The Sarcolab pilot study of 2 crewmembers, investigated before and after a 6-mo International Space Station mission, has demonstrated the substantial muscle wasting weakness, along with disruption muscle's oxidative metabolism. present work aimed at evaluating pro/anti-inflammatory status in same crewmembers (A, B). Blood circulating (c-)microRNAs (miRs), c-proteasome, c-mitochondrial DNA, cytokines were assessed by real-time quantitative PCR or ELISA tests. Time series analysis was...