Abstract Sports field managers are often requested to lower height‐of‐cut (HOC) on playing surfaces by coaches so that players can run faster, but data lacking prove this. A study was performed at the University of Tennessee and Iowa State investigate effects HOC Kentucky bluegrass ( Poa pratensis L.) performance athletic playability characteristics. Three HOCs (2.54, 5.08, 7.62 cm) were maintained throughout growing season subjected 10 simulated games. Percent green cover tracked after...

ABSTRACT Athletic field playing quality encompasses both aesthetics as well athlete‐to‐surface interactions that can affect injury incidence. Legislation restricting the use of herbicides on athletic fields may lead to increases in problematic weeds, such large crabgrass ( Digitaria sanguinalis L.) and white clover Trifolium repens L.), which could reduce potentially increase potential for injuries. Research was conducted at University Tennessee Center Field Safety (Knoxville, TN) during...

Soil water content (SWC) influences the consistency and performance of athletic field surfaces. Two studies were conducted at University Tennessee Center for Athletic Field Safety, Knoxville, TN, to determine how SWC affects wear tolerance hybrid bermudagrass [ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt‐Davy, ‘Tifway’] on root zones composed either silt loam (cohesive) or sand meeting US Golf Association specifications (noncohesive). treatments cohesive averaged low (0.06–0.13 m 3...

Adding a shock pad as an underlayment to synthetic turf aims improve attenuation of impact forces. The purpose this research was investigate effects infilled with three different pads on related biomechanics lower extremity during the drop landing. Twelve active and healthy recreational male athletes performed 60 cm landing controlled technique five surface conditions: baseline (force platform), surface, plus foam pad, low-density high-density pad. Furthermore, mechanical test conducted...

Cynodon spp. (bermudagrass) golf courses and athletic fields in warm‐humid warm‐arid regions are often annually overseeded with a cool‐season grass to improve turf performance during autumn winter. Previous research has shown that preplant cultivation treatments the C. dactylon base typically results improved overseed establishment. Fraze mowing is relatively new maintenance technique which thatch verdure aggressively removed by blades attached revolving rotor. Because fraze mowers can...

ABSTRACT Shade from athletic stadium structures can be a significant detriment to turfgrass performance. The objective of this study was determine the effects shade on rooting and playing surface stability, measured as traction, overseeded or non‐overseeded bermudagrass ( Cynodon spp.) turf. An experiment established in 2013 mature [ dactylon (L.) Pers. cv. Riviera] turf that either with perennial ryegrass Lolium perenne L.) non‐overseeded. were installed create four light level treatments,...

Abstract Athletic field managers often adjust agronomic practices according to the desires of coaches and athletes. One such practice adjusted is mowing height. In an attempt have athletes run faster, are persuaded reduce height, thereby reducing potential friction from surface on athlete. With newer bermudagrass [ Cynodon datylon (L.) Pers.] hybrid dactylon Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt Davy] cultivars, maintaining a at reduced heights much easier achieve without apparent negative effects...

Abstract Creeping bentrgrass putting greens require intense management due to stoloniferous growth (thatch accumulation) and excessive wear traffic by equipment golfers. Increases in thatch soil compaction are often managed with cultivation practices, which lead downtime for Field research was conducted Knoxville, TN, Elizabethtown, KY, compare new traditional methods their impact on playability creeping bentgrass greens. Treatments included air injection, dry sand solid tine topdressed...

Studies are warranted to evaluate head injury criterion (HIC) on athletic fields determine baseline numbers and compare those findings current critical thresholds for impact attenuation. A two year (2016 2017) study was conducted University of Tennessee (Knoxville, TN, USA) the effect soil type (cohesive soil, United States Golf Association sand specifications) grass species (Poa pratensis Cynodon dactylon × C. transvaalensis) HIC. Additionally moisture conditions monitored were: dry...

The use of synthetic turf (ST) has become a popular option for many athletic fields. Little is known about how surface hardness and infill depth spatial variability changes over time on third generation (3G) ST A research study was conducted to investigate the impact field age from 12 3G fields in Tennessee Georgia (USA) between March 5, 2014 April 8, 2014. tested varied fiber type including monofilament, slit film, combination monofilament with film fibers. All were directly gravel no...

Abstract Zoysiagrasses ( Zoysia spp. Willd.) have been predominately used as turfgrass for residential and commercial lawns in addition to golf course fairways tees due reduced input requirements compared with bermudagrass Cynodon spp.). The recent development of fine‐textured zoysiagrass cultivars has sparked interest using on putting greens. A complete‐factorial field experiment was conducted over replicate trials Knoxville, TN evaluate the green performance quality four under two nitrogen...

Crumb rubber (CR) generated from recycled tires has been used as a topdressing medium on cool‐season turfgrass athletic fields to increase tolerance simulated traffic events (STE). Research was conducted at the University of Tennessee Center for Athletic Field Safety (Knoxville, TN) determine optimal CR particle size and depth combinations use ‘Tifway’ hybrid bermudagrass [ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × C. transvaalensis Burtt Davy]. Five materials varying in uniformity were evaluated;...

Abstract Carpet‐mat systems are a diverse group of hybrid stabilizing that installed during sod establishment. In this experiment, eight hybrid, carpet‐mat (Flexgrass, Hatko Turfgrass XL BIO 40/34/10 [Turfgrass BIO], Hybridgrass 40 DS 10 [Hybridgrass XL], 53 HG Turf Group HERO 127.127 [HERO 127], 169.169 169], Tarkett Sports PlayMaster, POWERgrass™ SP/T [POWERgrass]) were screened for their suitability as playing surface option FIFA tournaments. Research was conducted at Michigan State...

The objective of this study is to determine the impact three alternative infills various particle size on athlete performance and safety in a third generation (3G) synthetic fields. A complete randomized design composed different infill materials (thermoplastic elastomer, coconut cork mixture, recycled Nike shoes (Nano)) with all having same depth, fiber length, density, shock pad. took place at Center for Athletic Field Safety (CAFS) during summer 2017 Knoxville, TN. Each plot received 120...

Abstract In the fall, bermudagrass athletic fields are overseeded with perennial ryegrass [ Lolium perenne L.] to provide a uniform playing surface slowed or dormant bermudagrass. Chemical techniques have been utilized for quick and efficient spring transition of ryegrass. Fraise mowing has identified as tool that can aid in spring. These studies were determine effectiveness comparing mechanical removal overseeding traditional on ‘Riviera’ [C ynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.]. 2017, field...

"Tibial acceleration peaks and integrals on three different surfaces during M-Drill." Footwear Science, 15(sup1), pp. S134–S135Keywords: Surface interactionbiomechanicsinertial measurement unitsimpact attenuationaccelerationlower extremity Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Tibial M-DrillAll authorsSean A. Brown, Joshua M. Lardie, Jake Melaro, Kyley H. Dickson, John C. Sorochan & T. Weinhandl...

Core Ideas Backtrack mowing produced the fastest green speeds compared with all other treatments. Shortening clip of reel or in multiple directions removes more sand topdressing than standard practices. Mowing patterns had no visual effect on plant health.

Core Ideas Limited impact of lower clip the reel is noticed in bentgrass green quality and color. Double cutting does not always speeds. Lower picks up more sands than higher reel.

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact brushing and infill maintenance third generation (3G) synthetic turf on field safety. A split-plot randomized complete block design used with six different fiber pile heights, depths, shock pad combinations subjected 120 games in summer 2017 at Center for Athletic Field Safety (CAFS) Knoxville, TN, USA. Traffic applied a CAFS traffic simulator. Half plots received every 20 rotating power broom those below manufacturer's...

Abstract The use of hybrid turf systems is very common in Europe and increasing popularity the United States. Little research was found on impact stitched bermudagrass ‘NorthBridge’ ( Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × C. Transvaalensis Burtt Davy) athletic fields. A study conducted to determine performance at University Tennessee Center for Athletic Field Safety Knoxville, TN USA fall 2018 2019. randomized complete block design with four replications utilized. treatments consisted synthetic...

Abstract Application of plant growth regulators to hybrid bermudagrass [ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × transvaalensis Burtt Davy] putting greens is a common management practice used reduce clipping yield and improve aesthetic functional turfgrass quality. Growing degree day (GDD) models have explored the effects regulator application timing on ultradwarf yield. However, there need for research evaluating GDD‐timed applications quality ball roll. A field study was conducted in summer 2018 at...