Abstract The adipose tissue is the site of expression and secretion a range biologically active proteins, called adipokines, for example, leptin, adiponectin, resistin. Leptin has previously been shown to be expressed in osteoblasts promote bone mineralization, whereas adiponectin enhanced during osteoblast differentiation. In present study we explored possible role resistin metabolism. We found that murine preosteoclasts preosteoblasts (RAW 264.7, MC3T3‐E1), primary human marrow stem cells...

Current guidelines recommend weight-bearing activities, preferably strength training for improving skeletal health in patients with osteoporosis. What type of that is most beneficial these not established. Maximal (MST) known to improve 1-repetition maximum (1RM) and rate force development (RFD), which are considered as important covariables health. Squat exercise MST might serve an effective intervention low bone mass. We hypothesized 12 weeks squat would 1RM RFD postmenopausal women...

Recent studies have proposed a role for serotonin and its transporter in regulation of bone cell function. In the present study, we examined vitro effects inhibitor fluoxetine "Prozac" on osteoblasts osteoclasts. Human mononuclear cells were differentiated into osteoclasts presence or fluoxetine. Both compounds affected total number as well resorption bell-shaped manner. RT-PCR human demonstrated several receptors, transporter, rate-limiting enzyme synthesis, tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (Tph1)....

Serotonergic pathways in the central nervous system (CNS) are activated regulation of food intake and body weight. We hypothesized that adipocytes, like other cells mesenchymal origin, possess serotonin receptors thus could be regulated by peripherally circulating serotonin.In vivo studies: four Sprague-Dawley rats were given daily (5HT) injections subcutaneously (s.c., 25 mg/kg) for 5 days; controls received saline. In a long-term study, 12 s.c. 4 months, 10 Body weight was registered...

Peak bone mass (PBM) is regarded as the most important determinant of osteoporosis. Growing evidence suggests a role intrauterine programming in skeletal development. We examined PBM and trabecular score (TBS) adults born preterm with very low birth weight (VLBW) or small for gestational age (SGA) at term compared term-born controls. This follow-up cohort study included 186 men women (25 to 28 years); 52 VLBW (≤1500 g), 59 SGA (<10th percentile), 75 controls (>10th percentile). Main outcome...

Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma is associated with bone loss and increased fracture risk, while PPARalpha activation seems to have positive skeletal effects. To further explore these effects we examined the effect agonists fenofibrate Wyeth 14643, PPARgamma agonist pioglitazone, on mineral density (BMD), architecture biomechanical strength in ovariectomized rats. Fifty-five female Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned five groups. One group was sham-operated...

-Exercise guidelines highlight maximizing bone mass early in life as a strategy to prevent osteoporosis. Which intervention is most effective for this purpose remains unclear. This study investigated the musculoskeletal effects of high acceleration, maximal strength training (MST), young adult women. Thirty healthy women (22 ± 2 years) were randomly assigned group (TG) and control (CG). The TG completed 12 weeks squat MST, executed at 85-90% 1 repetition maximum (1RM), emphasizing...

All the peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) are found to be expressed in bone cells. The PPARgamma agonist rosiglitazone has been shown decrease mass mice and thiazolidinediones (TZDs) have recently increase loss fracture risk humans treated for type 2 diabetes mellitus. aim of study was examine effect PPARalpha fenofibrate (FENO) pioglitazone (PIO) on intact female rats.Rats were given methylcellulose (vehicle), or (35 mg/kg body weight/day) by gavage 4 months. BMC, BMD,...

To ensure optimal calcium accrual in the fetal skeleton, a substantial rise occurs 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), but is dependent on sufficient 25-hydroxyvitamin (25(OH)D). Large longitudinal studies addressing free 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D during pregnancy are scarce. We aimed to assess levels of relationship between 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)2D, vitamin D-binding protein (DBP), parathyroid hormone (PTH), pregnancy; determinants status; association indices or PTH outcomes (gestational diabetes...

Abstract Background Studies on body composition in preterm very low birth weight (VLBW &lt; 1500 g) survivors are inconsistent and trajectories later life unknown. We assessed its change from young to mid-adulthood VLBW adults. Methods studied 137 adults 158 term-born controls two cohorts Finland Norway at mean age 36 years. Body was by 8-polar bioelectrical impedance. compared results with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry measurements 24 Results In mid-adulthood, women men were shorter than...

In observational studies, vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for low bone density and future fractures, whereas causal relation has been difficult to show in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Similarly, associated with increased turnover, but RCTs have not shown conclusive effects. This could be due inclusion of sufficient subjects doses. the present study 399 mean baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin (25(OH)D) 34.0 nmol/L completed four months intervention D3 20,000 IU per week versus...

Context Exercise is recognized as an important strategy to prevent bone loss, but its acute effects on turnover markers (BTMs) and related remain uncertain. Objective To assess the of two different exercise modes BTMs in young adults both sexes elderly men. Design, Setting, Participants This was a three-group crossover within-subjects design study with total 53 participants—19 women (aged 22–30), 20 men 21–30 years), 14 63–74 years)—performing sessions [strength training (ST) high-intensity...

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the gastrointestinal (GI) system are increasing in incidence with minimal improvement prognosis. Although cell origin has been identified as enterochromaffin (EC) cell, its secretory and proliferative regulation not defined at a mechanistic level. To date, BON line most widely used vitro EC model despite pancreatic origin. Using whole-genome mathematical analysis well studies, we compared to small intestine (SI) cell-derived NET...

Low birthweight (LBW) has emerged as a risk factor of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Whether adults with very low (VLBW) born preterm are at higher than individuals who were term-born small for gestational age (tb-SGA) is not established. We assessed outcomes, including relation skeletal parameters, in these two LBW categories. This follow-up cohort study included 189 (females 51%), aged 25 to 28 years; 55 VLBW (≤1500 g), 59 tb-SGA (<10th percentile), and 75 controls (≥10th percentile). Outcomes...

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with substantial fracture risk. Bone mineral density (BMD) is, however, only modestly reduced, suggesting impaired bone microarchitecture and/or material properties. Yet, the skeletal abnormalities have not been uncovered. Men T1D seem to experience a more pronounced loss than their female counterparts. Hence, we aimed examine different aspects of quality in men T1D.In this cross-sectional study, and healthy male controls were enrolled. BMD (femoral neck,...

Abstract Purpose The study aimed to investigate associations between maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy and molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) hypomineralised second primary molars (HSPM) among children. Methods had a longitudinal design using prospectively collected data from 176 mother child pairs. Mothers were initially recruited in randomised controlled trial assess exercise programme. Along with the 7-year follow-up, we invited children dental examination. exposure variable...

ABSTRACT Purpose The effect of exercise on serum concentration vitamin D metabolites remains inconclusive, with studies reporting deviating results. This study evaluated the acute a single session two specific forms; strength training (ST) and high-intensity interval (HIIT), circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin (25(OH)D), free25(OH)D 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin (1,25(OH) 2 D), skeletal muscle receptor (VDR) gene expression, in healthy adults. Methods Thirty-nine participants (19 women 20 men, age 21–30...

The prevalence of overweight is rapidly escalating, especially in South-Asia. We aimed to estimate the overweight/obesity and central obesity, associated risk factors among women a rural setting Nepal. A cross-sectional study addressing reproductive health non-communicable diseases (NCDs) was conducted 2012-2013 district Married, non-pregnant ≥15 years age were included. Height, weight, waist circumference (WC) measured, body mass index (BMI) calculated. WHO cut-offs for Asians used assess...

Objective: In chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), destruction of gastric parietal cells causes anacidity and hypergastrinemia. Use proton pump inhibitors, which also induces anacidity, is associated with increased fracture rates. Our objectives were to study possible differences in bone mineral density (BMD) quality patients CAG compared controls.Material methods: We performed a cross-sectional on 17 aged 54 ± 13 years 41 sex- age-matched controls. Lumbar femoral BMD assessed by lumbar...

The balance between bone resorption and formation may be assessed by measurement of turnover markers (BTMs), like carboxyl-terminal cross-linked telopeptide type 1 collagen (CTX-1) procollagen amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP). Smoking has been shown to influence reduce mass density (BMD), the exact mechanism for this is, however, not settled. In post-hoc study including 406 subjects (mean age 51.9 years), we aimed impact smoking on turnover. Moreover, wanted assess inter-correlation...