Antioxidant capacity and contents of total phenolics, anthocyanins, flavonoids, vitamin C were evaluated in 218 genotypes from 15 peach nectarine breeding progenies. Significant differences found among progenies on the fruit antioxidant profile, corroborated by high contribution showed cross to phenotypic variance each phytochemical trait analyzed (16−45%). Phytochemical profile varied depending peach/nectarine yellow/white flesh color qualitative traits. On other hand, no significant effect...

The involvement of activated oxygen in the drought-induced damage pea (Pisum sativum L. cv Frilene) nodules was examined. To this purpose, various pro-oxidant factors, antioxidant enzymes and related metabolites, markers oxidative were determined well-watered (nodule water potential approximately -0.29 MPa) water-stressed -2.03 plants. Water-stressed entered senescence as evidenced by 30% decrease leghemoglobin total soluble protein. Drought also caused a activities catalase (25%), ascorbate...

An understanding of the mechanisms that determine plant response to reduced water availability is essential improve water-use efficiency (WUE) stone fruit crops. The physiological, biochemical and molecular drought responses four Prunus rootstocks (GF 677, Cadaman, ROOTPAC 20 ROOTPAC® R) budded with 'Catherina' peach cultivar were studied. Trees grown in 15-l containers subjected a progressive stress for 26 days, monitoring soil moisture content by time domain reflectometry. Photosynthetic...

Abstract Different root parts with or without increased iron-reducing activities have been studied in iron-deficient and iron-sufficient control sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. Monohil hybrid). The distal of plants, 0 to 5 mm from the apex, were capable reduce Fe(III)-chelates contained concentrations flavins near 700 μm, two characteristics absent 10 sections plants whole plants. Flavin-containing tips had large pools carboxylic acids high enzymes involved organic acid metabolism. In yellow...

Effects of Cd and Pb toxicity were investigated in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) grown hydroponics under growth-chamber-controlled conditions. Chemical speciation calculations used to estimate the chemical species equilibrium. Cd, as chloride salt or chelated EDTA, decreased fresh dry mass both root shoot, increased / shoot ratios. Plants developed few brownish roots with short laterals. N, P, Mg, K, Mn, Cu Zn uptake, facilitated Ca uptake. Leaves plants treated 10 50 μM Cd–EDTA CdCl2...

ABSTRACT Iron (Fe) deficiency in pea leaves caused a large decrease (44–62&) chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids, smaller decreases soluble protein (18&) net photosynthesis (28&). Catalase, non‐specific peroxidase ascorbate activities declined by 51& young Fe‐deficient leaves, whereas monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase glutathione remained unaffected. Ascorbate activity was highly correlated (r 2 = 0. 99, P < 001) with the Fe content of which allows...

Prunus persica L. Batch, or peach, is one of the most important crops and it widely established in irrigated arid semi-arid regions. However, due to variations climate increased aridity, drought has become a major constraint, causing crop losses worldwide. The use drought-tolerant rootstocks modern fruit production appears be useful method alleviating water deficit problems. transcriptomic variation molecular mechanisms that underlie adaptation shortage remain unclear. Hence, this study,...

The peach is one of the most important global tree crops within economically Rosaceae family. crop threatened by numerous pests and diseases, especially fungal pathogens, in field, transit, store. More than 50% post-harvest loss has been ascribed to brown rot disease, late-ripening varieties. In recent years, disease so manifest orchards that some stone fruits were abandoned before harvest. Spain, particularly, associated with well over 60% fruit after common management options available for...

Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were exposed to continuous darkness induce nodule senescence, and several parameters investigated identify factors that may be involved in the initial loss of N2 fixation. After only 1 d darkness, total root respiration decreased by 76% vivo nitrogenase (N2ase) activity 95%. This decline coincided with almost complete depletion (97%) sucrose fructose nodules. At this stage, O2 concentration infected zone increased 1%, which sufficient inactivate N2ase;...

Abstract BACKGROUND: Specific sugar contents are well known for contributing to a range of quality traits fresh fruits such as flavour, texture and health properties. Peaches nectarines 205 genotypes from 14 different breeding progenies cultivated under Mediterranean conditions were evaluated by high‐performance liquid chromatography their content these traits. RESULTS: A high contribution cross the phenotypic variance all fruit was found. There significant differences in mean concentrations...

Changes in cell and tissue organization peroxidase activity have been analyzed to find early markers predict graft incompatibility occurrence peach/plum combinations ( Prunus persica / spp.) at 5 months after grafting the dormancy period. Different compatible incompatible grafts were grown for a nursery. The cellular study of interface revealed structural changes associated with symptoms. main features cambium disorganization, less differentiation vascular tissues, degeneration phloem xylem...

Epidemiological studies suggest that consumption of fruit rich in phenolic compounds is associated with health-protective effects due to their antioxidant properties. For these reasons quality evaluation has become an important issue industry and breeding programs. Phytochemical traits such as total phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, L-ascorbic acid, sugar content relative capacity (RAC) were analyzed over four years flesh F1 population "Venus" × "Big Top" nectarines. Other harvesting...

Abstract BACKGROUND To identify genotypes with good organoleptic properties, antioxidant‐rich content and low susceptibility to chilling injury ( CI ), fruits from 130 peach cultivars were studied over three consecutive years. Pomological traits, l ‐ascorbic acid, flavonoids, total phenolics, relative antioxidant capacity RAC ) sugars determined. Major symptoms of developed at 5 °C, such as leatheriness, flesh browning, bleeding loss flavor, evaluated. RESULTS The population exhibited wide...

Peach fruit quality is dependent on preharvest treatments and orchard practices. The aim of this study to evaluate the effects potassium silicon fertilization postharvest quality. Two peach cultivars (“Early Bomba” “Plagold 17”) were sprayed with three concentrations (K-Si) at set, stone hardening, physiological maturity stages. applied corresponded control (T0 = 0% K-Si) pulverized distilled water two K-Si (T1 3% T2 4.5% K-Si). blooming harvesting dates, vegetative growth agronomical...

The effect of short-term nitrate application (10 mM, 0–4 d) on nitrogenase (N2ase) activity, antioxidant defenses, and related parameters was investigated in pea (Pisum sativum L. cv Frilene) nodules. response nodules to comprised two stages. In the first stage (0–2 d), there were major decreases N2ase activity N2ase-linked respiration concomitant increases carbon cost oxygen diffusion resistance There no apparent oxidative damage, decline was, a certain extent, reversible. second (>2...

Trials were established at Aula Dei Experimental Station (EEAD-CSIC, Zaragoza, Spain) to assess graft compatibility between peach cultivars [ Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] and new spp. rootstocks or selections. Peach cvs. `Catherina' `Tebana' nectarine `Big Top' `Summergrand' grafted on seedlings, plum rootstocks, almond × hybrids, other interspecific rootstocks. Part of the evaluated material belongs EEAD-CSIC selection program, which has showed good adaptation Mediterranean growing...

The use of rootstocks tolerant to iron deficiency represents the best alternative prevent Fe chlorosis for peach production in calcareous soils. Early detection laboratory screening procedures allow selection new Fe-efficient rootstock genotypes. Seventeen Prunus were tested root ferric chelate reductase (FC-R) enzymatic activity, leaf SPAD values, and field performance. Some used as a reference compare with selections. Micropropagated plants grown hydroponic culture half-strength Hoagland's...