The primary obstacle to producing renewable fuels from lignocellulosic biomass is a plant's recalcitrance releasing sugars bound in the cell wall. From sample set of wood cores representing 1,100 individual undomesticated Populus trichocarpa trees, 47 extreme phenotypes were selected across measured lignin content and ratio syringyl guaiacyl units (S/G ratio). This subset was tested for total sugar release through enzymatic hydrolysis alone as well combined hot-water pretreatment using...

Steam explosion pretreatment has been examined in many studies for enhancing the enzymatic digestibility of lignocellulosic biomass and is currently most common method commercial biorefineries. The information available about effect explosive decompression on biochemical conversion is, however, very limited, no prove that latter actually enhanced by explosion. Hence, it great value to discern between one hand steaming other hand, identify their particular influences digestibility. steam...

Microbial consortia are a promising alternative to monocultures of genetically modified microorganisms for complex biotransformations. We developed versatile consortium-based strategy the direct conversion lignocellulose short-chain fatty acids, which included funneling lignocellulosic carbohydrates lactate as central intermediate in engineered food chains. A spatial niche enabled situ cellulolytic enzyme production by an aerobic fungus next facultative anaerobic lactic acid bacteria and...

The effect of the structure chiral modifiers derived from natural cinchona alkaloids on enantioselectivity and rate Pt/Al2O3-catalyzed hydrogenation ethyl pyruvate was investigated. influence following structural elements studied: cinchonidine versus cinchonine backbone; nature size substituents attached to C9; partial quinoline ring; effects changes substituent at quinuclidine moiety. strongest ee somewhat less were observed for in O−C9−C8−N part alkaloid or total rings. had a comparably...

Lignocellulosic biomass is uniquely suited as a sustainable feedstock for the biotechnological production of alternative fuels and chemicals. However, due to recalcitrance, enzymatic conversion process complex needs be simplified. To this end, we developed process, which allows consolidated bioprocessing lignocellulose ethanol in single multi-species biofilm membrane reactor featuring both aerobic anaerobic conditions necessary simultaneous fungal cellulolytic enzyme alcoholic yeast...

An autohydrolysis pretreatment that suppresses lignin repolymerisation helps overcoming the recalcitrance of softwood for enzymatic hydrolysis its cellulose.

In this study, Populus trichocarpa was subjected to dilute acid pretreatment at varying times. The three major components of lignocellulosic biomass, namely cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, were isolated from the starting pretreated poplar. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques utilized elucidate structural transformations poplar during pretreatment. results demonstrated that dissolved hemicelluloses disrupted features lignin polysaccharides. As...

Consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) of lignocellulosic feedstocks to platform chemicals requires complex metabolic processes, which are commonly executed by single genetically engineered microorganisms. Alternatively, synthetic consortia can be employed compartmentalize the required functions among different specialized microorganisms as demonstrated in this work for direct production lactic acid from biomass. We composed an artificial cross-kingdom consortium and co-cultivated aerobic fungus...

Hydrothermal pretreatment using liquid hot water (LHW) is capable of substantially reducing the cell wall recalcitrance lignocellulosic biomass. It enhances saccharification polysaccharides, particularly cellulose, into glucose with relatively low capital required. Due to close association biomass recalcitrance, structural change components materials during crucial understand chemistry and advance bio-economy. Although LHW has been extensively applied studied, molecular alteration its...

Abstract The recalcitrance of cellulosic biomass, the only abundant, sustainable feedstock for making liquid fuels, is a primary obstacle to low cost biological processing, and development more easily converted plants effective enzymes would be great benefit. Because no single parameter describes recalcitrance, superior variants can identified by measuring sugar release from subjected pretreatment enzymatic hydrolysis. However, genetic modifications coupled with molecular engineering...

The prevention of lignin repolymerization/condensation in lignocellulose pretreatment can enhance both the bioconversion cellulose and quality obtained lignin. 2-Naphthol is a very effective additive for suppressing repolymerization, which enables overcoming extraordinarily high recalcitrance softwood to bioconversion. In this work, new approaches adding 2-naphthol steam explosion were studied. It was found that spray impregnation spruce wood chips with dissolved acetone or ethanol equally...

Conventional wet chemistry methods to determine biomass composition are labor- and time-intensive require larger amounts of (300 mg) than is often available. To overcome these limitations support a high-throughput pretreatment hydrolysis (HTPH) screening system, this article reports on the development downscaled compositional analysis that based conventional techniques but scaled down by factor 100 use significantly less material. The procedure performed in readily available high-performance...

Abstract In a screening of ligands, ionic liquids and reaction conditions in the Rh‐catalyzed hydrogenation enamides, novel multi‐phase system consisting an liquid (IL) water (wet ILs) was found to give most promising results. many cases such IL/water combinations were superior compared conventional organic solvents biphasic ILs/organic co‐solvents media with respect catalytic performance as well catalyst separation recycling. So far, best results obtained Rh‐ferrocenyl‐diphosphine catalysts...

Lignocellulosic biomass is considered as a potential source for sustainable biofuels. In the conversion process, pretreatment step necessary in order to overcome recalcitrance and allow sufficient fermentable sugar yields enzymatic hydrolysis. Steam explosion well known method working without additional chemicals allowing efficient particle size reduction. However, it not effective of softwood harsh conditions achieve highly digestible cellulose fraction lead partial degradation...