A5080266445- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Groundwater flow and contamination studies
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Geological formations and processes
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Marine and environmental studies
- Arsenic contamination and mitigation
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Karst Systems and Hydrogeology
- Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques
- Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
- Hydraulic Fracturing and Reservoir Analysis
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods
- NMR spectroscopy and applications
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology
2016-2025
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
2003-2011
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2005
We developed a portable mass spectrometric system ("miniRuedi") for quantificaton of the partial pressures He, Ne (in dry gas), Ar, Kr, N2, O2, CO2, and CH4 in gaseous aqueous matrices environmental systems with an analytical uncertainty 1-3%. The miniRuedi does not require any purification or other preparation sampled gases therefore allows maintenance-free autonomous operation. apparatus is most suitable on-site gas analysis during field work at remote locations due to its small size (60...
The contamination of groundwater by geogenic arsenic is the cause major health problems in south and southeast Asia. Various hypotheses proposing that As mobilized reduction iron (oxy)hydroxides are now under discussion. One important controversial question concerns possibility might be related to extraction for irrigation purposes. If were inflow re-infiltrating water rich labile organic carbon, As-contaminated would have been recharged after introduction 20-40 years ago. We used...
Abstract During opening of a new ocean, magma intrudes into the surrounding sedimentary basins. Heat provided by intrusions matures host rock, creating metamorphic aureoles potentially releasing large amounts hydrocarbons. These hydrocarbons may migrate to seafloor in hydrothermal vent complexes sufficient volumes trigger global warming, e.g., during Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). Mound structures at top buried observed seismic data off Norway were previously interpreted as...
Abstract Snowmelt contributes a significant fraction of groundwater recharge in snow‐dominated regions, making its accurate quantification crucial for sustainable water resources management. While several components the hydrological cycle can be measured directly, catchment‐scale only quantified indirectly. Stable isotopes are often used as tracers to estimate snowmelt recharge, even though estimates based on stable biased due large variations δ 2 H and 18 O snow difficulty measure directly....
Abstract. The success of geological carbon storage depends on the assurance permanent containment for injected dioxide (CO2) in formation at depth. One critical elements safekeeping CO2 is sealing capacity caprock overlying despite faults and/or fractures, which may occur it. In this work, we present an ongoing injection experiment performed a fault hosted clay Mont Terri underground rock laboratory (NW Switzerland). aims to improve our understanding main physical and chemical mechanisms...
Abstract Known locally as the water mountain, for millennia Japan’s iconic Mt Fuji has provided safe drinking to millions of people via a vast network groundwater and freshwater springs. Groundwater, which is recharged at high elevations, flows down Fuji’s flanks within three basaltic aquifers, ultimately forming countless pristine springs among foothills. Here we challenge current conceptual model being simple system laminar flow with little no vertical exchange between its aquifers. This...
The extent of littoral influence on lake gas dynamics remains debated in the aquatic science community due to lack direct quantification lateral transport. prevalent assumption diffusive horizontal transport budgets fails explain anomalies observed pelagic concentrations. Here, we demonstrate through high-frequency measurements a eutrophic that daily convective circulation generates littoral-pelagic advective fluxes one order magnitude larger than typical used budgets. These are sufficient...
Abstract To provide a sound understanding of the sources, pathways, and residence times groundwater water in alluvial river‐aquifer systems, combined multitracer modeling experiment was carried out an important drinking wellfield Switzerland. 222 Rn, 3 H/ He, atmospheric noble gases, novel 37 Ar‐method were used to quantify mixing ratios from different sources. With half‐life 35.1 days, Ar allowed successfully close critical observational time gap between Rn He for weeks months. Covering...
The quantification of carbon cycling across the groundwater-stream-atmosphere continuum (GSAC) is crucial for understanding regional and global cycling. However, this remains challenging due to highly coupled exchange turnover in GSAC. Here, we disentangled processes a representative transect by obtaining numerically simulating high-resolution time series dissolved He, Ar, Kr, O2, CO2, CH4 concentrations. results revealed that groundwater contributed ∼60% CO2 ∼30% inputs stream, supporting...
Surface water (SW) - groundwater (GW) interactions exhibit complex spatial and temporal patterns often studied using tracers. However, most natural artificial tracers have limitations in studying SW–GW interactions, particularly if no significant contrasts concentrations between SW GW exist or can be maintained for long durations. In such context, (noble) gases emerged as promising alternatives to add the available tracer methods, especially with recent development of portable mass...
We developed a stand-alone system based on membrane inlet mass spectrometer (MIMS) for measuring dissolved gas concentrations in groundwater under field conditions. The permits the of gases (He, Ar, Kr, N(2), and O(2)) to be determined quasi-continuously (every 12 min) with precision better than 4% He 1% O(2) air-saturated water. detection limits are below 3 × 10(-9) cm(3)(STP)(g) noble 400 10(-9)cm(3)(STP)(g) N(2) O(2). results first deployment indicate that changes concentration Ar result...
In closed-basin lakes, sediment porewater salinity can potentially be used as a conservative tracer to reconstruct past fluctuations in lake level. However, until now, profiles did not allow quantitative estimates of lake-level changes because, contrast the oceans, significant (e.g., local concentration minima and maxima) had never been observed lacustrine sediments. Here we show that measured pore water Lake Van (Turkey) allows straightforward reconstruction two major transgressions...
[1] The temporal dynamics and spatial distribution of the concentrations dissolved gases (He, Ar, Kr, N2, O2, CO2) in an infiltrating groundwater system fed by peri-alpine river Thur (Switzerland) were analyzed before, during after a single, well-defined flood event. analysis was based on measurements taken five different observation wells that located approximately 10 m apart tapped same body, but situated three riparian zones. input O2 into as result formation excess air found to be order...
The semi-arid Sahel regions of West Africa rely heavily on groundwater from shallow to moderately deep (<100 m b.g.l.) crystalline bedrock aquifers for drinking water production. Groundwater quality may be affected by high geogenic arsenic (As) concentrations (>10 μg/L) stemming the oxidation sulphide minerals (pyrite, arsenopyrite) in mineralised zones. These are still little investigated, especially concerning residence times and influence annual monsoon season chemistry. To gain insights...
Gas exchange across the air–water interface is a key process determining release of greenhouse gases from surface waters and fundamental component gas dynamics in aquatic systems. To experimentally quantify transfer velocity wide range settings, novel method based on recently developed techniques for situ, near-continuous measurement dissolved (noble) with field portable mass spectrometer presented. Variations observed concentrations are damped lagged respect to equilibrium concentrations,...
Labeling groundwater by injecting an artificial tracer is a standard and widely used method to study flow systems. Noble gases dissolved in are potentially ideal tracers, as they not subject biogeochemical transformations, do adsorb onto the aquifer matrix, colorless, have no negative impact on quality of resources. In addition, combining different noble-gas species multi-tracer tests would allow direct analysis spatio-temporal heterogeneity However, while handling noble safe straightforward...